Tuberculosis (TB): diagnosis, screening, management and data
Information on the diagnosis, screening, epidemiology and public health strategy for tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases.
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infection caused by a bacterium belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, which includes:
- M. tuberculosis
- M. africanum
- M. bovis
- some rare bacteria such as M. microti and M. pinnipedii
TB is a notifiable disease in the UK. Suspected and confirmed diseases must be notified within 3 working days.
For symptoms and general information on tuberculosis, visit NHS.UK.
Diagnosis
Treatment, management and vaccination
Standard anti-TB treatment consists of a combination of 4 different antibiotics, usually taken daily for a minimum 6-month period. See National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines on treatment of TB.
The BCG vaccine is recommended for high risk groups such as healthcare workers and babies at increased risk of exposure to TB infection.
See the chapter about tuberculosis (TB) immunisation in Immunisation against infectious disease: the Green Book.
For further information about BCG vaccine and supporting resources please go to Immunisation
Epidemiology
Public Health England runs enhanced tuberculosis surveillance (ETS) for real-time case reporting. ETS also has laboratory data on drug sensitivity, species and strain typing.
- Tuberculosis in England: quarterly reports
- Reports of cases of TB to UK enhanced tuberculosis surveillance systems
- Tuberculosis in England: annual report
- Tuberculosis (TB) in England: ad hoc provisional data
- Tuberculosis (TB) in England: surveillance data
- Tuberculosis (TB): annual notification data 1913 onwards
- Tuberculosis (TB) in the UK: annual report data up to 2013
- UK tuberculosis (TB) surveillance data up to 2013
- Tuberculosis (TB): annual update
- Tuberculosis (TB): regional and devolved administration reports
Screening
NKS-TB treatment and management advice
The national knowledge service - tuberculosis (NKS-TB) provides guidance for health professionals who treat and manage TB in patients.
To view patient resources developed by NKS-TB visit NHS Choices
- Tuberculosis (TB) in the workplace
- Tuberculosis (TB) and homelessness
- Tuberculosis (TB) and substance misuse
- Tuberculosis (TB) and asylum seekers
- Tuberculosis (TB) and children
- Universal HIV testing for TB patients
- Tuberculosis and pregnant women
- Tuberculosis: information for prison and immigration removal centre staff
- Tuberculosis (TB): molecular diagnosis
National tuberculosis strain typing service
The national strain typing service involves prospectively typing TB isolates using 24 loci mycobacterial interspersed repeat units - variable number tandem repeats (MIRU-VNTR). The results of this are used in local or national investigation of suspected TB transmission incidents.
- National TB strain typing service: what we do
- National TB strain typing service: factsheet
- M. tuberculosis strain typing: data production and distribution
- National TB strain typing service: summary report
- TB strain typing and cluster investigation: handbook
- Enhanced TB surveillance strain typing module: user guide
- Tuberculosis (TB) strain typing service: evaluation
Strategy
Subscribe to the TB Strategy Implementation Update for progress on the TB strategy.
Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis)
Human cases of tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) are rare. These pages present surveillance data on the numbers of human cases of M. bovis and guidance on management of the disease in cattle and other animals to reduce the risk of human infection.
Last updated 23 January 2020 + show all updates
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Added 'National quarterly report of tuberculosis in England: Quarter 4, 2019 provisional data' report.
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Added new page 'Tuberculosis in England: quarterly reports'.
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Added TB annual report for 2018 and the 2018 slide set.
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Added resource for tackling tuberculosis in under-served populations.
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Added guidance for the unlicensed BCG vaccine, in response to a vaccine shortage: training material for healthcare professionals; guide for parents and carers.
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Added existing latent TB testing guidance and patient leaflet in multiple languages to the collection.
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Added treatment and management advice documents from the National Knowledge Service.
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Added publications under 'NKS-TB treatment and management advice'.
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Publishing annual report and statistics covering up to 2014.
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The Tuberculosis in Kent, Surrey and Sussex: annual report has been published.
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The Tuberculosis: notifying cases guidance has been added.
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Updated to include 'Bovine tuberculosis: public health management' guidance.
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2014 annual report added.
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First published.