Income Dynamics: 2010 to 2024
Results from an analysis of the longitudinal survey 'Understanding Society', looking at persistent low income and changes in household income.
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Add the following citation to any analysis shared or published:
Department for Work and Pensions (DWP), released 26 March 2026, GOV.UK website, statistical release, Income Dynamics: 2010 to 2024 - GOV.UK.
Income Dynamics provides estimates of the rates of persistent low income. An individual is classed as being in persistent low income if they are in low income in at least 3 out of 4 years.
Income Dynamics also provides estimates of mobility across the income distribution, including low income entry and exit rates, as well as analysis on the events associated with low income entry and exit.
Income Dynamics estimates are based on Understanding Society, a longitudinal survey which follows respondents over time. This is unlike the Households below average income (HBAI) series, which uses the Family Resources Survey (FRS) to look at the distribution of incomes within a different sample each year.
This Income Dynamics publication includes the following change:
- members of the recent Understanding Society General Population Sample boost have now been included in longitudinal analysis of low income entries and exits and the events associated with them.