Official Statistics

Quarterly vaccination coverage statistics for children aged up to 5 years in the UK (COVER programme): April to June 2025

Published 25 September 2025

Health Protection Report

Volume 19 Number 9

This report of the cover of vaccination evaluated rapidly (COVER) programme presents quarterly coverage data for children in the UK who reached their first, second, or fifth birthday during the evaluation quarter (April to June 2025).

The full coverage data by country, region, and upper tier local authority (UTLA) is contained in the accompanying data file accompanying this report.

Main points

In comparison with the previous quarter:

• coverage in the UK measured in children aged 12 months decreased by 0.4 percentage points for the 6-in-1 vaccine; decreased by 0.2 percentage points for the PCV vaccine; decreased by 0.3 percentage points for the rotavirus vaccine and decreased by 0.3 percentage points for the MenB vaccine
• coverage in England measured in children aged 12 months decreased by 0.4 percentage points for the 6-in-1 vaccine; decreased by 0.2 percentage points for the PCV vaccine; decreased by 0.2 percentage points for the rotavirus vaccine and decreased by 0.3 percentage points for the MenB vaccine
• coverage of the first dose of MMR measured at 24 months (in children who first became eligible between April 2024 and June 2024) decreased by 0.3 percentage points in England and in the UK
• coverage of the first dose of MMR measured in children aged 5 years decreased by 0.4 percentage points in England, largely reflecting vaccinations delivered in April 2021 to June 2021
• UK coverage for the pre-school booster (dTaP/IPV) decreased by 1.2 percentage points and MMR2 decreased by 1.2 percentage points, reflecting vaccinations that should have been delivered between August 2023 to October 2023
• both Scotland and Wales exceeded the 95% World Health Organization (WHO) target for coverage for both the 6-in-1 and MMR1 vaccines measured at 5 years; coverage in Northern Ireland was at least 94% for the same vaccines
• in England, vaccination coverage varies geographically and is lowest for all antigens in London
• vaccination coverage measured this quarter remains below peaks in coverage reported in the previous 10-year period, and for a number of antigens, represents a continuation of an ongoing declining trend in coverage

Coverage at 12 months

Compared with the previous quarter, UK coverage for the 6-in-1 vaccine measured at 12 months decreased by 0.4 percentage points to 91.4%, PCV coverage decreased by 0.2 percentage points to 93.3%, rotavirus decreased by 0.3 percentage points to 89.4% and MenB decreased by 0.3 percentage points to 91.4%.

In England, 12-month coverage of the 6-in-1 decreased by 0.4 percentage points to 91.1%, MenB decreased by 0.3 percentage points to 91.1%, rotavirus coverage decreased by 0.2 percentage points to 89.1%, and PCV coverage decreased by 0.2 percentage points to 93.0%.

Across England excluding London (as this was the region with the lowest coverage), 6-in-1 coverage at 12 months was 92.3%, 1.2 percentage points higher than the overall England coverage; PCV coverage was 94.1%, 1.1 percentage points higher than the overall England coverage; rotavirus was 90.2%, 1.1 percentage points higher than the overall England coverage and MenB coverage was 92.3%, 1.2 percentage points higher than the overall England coverage.

In Scotland and Wales, coverage was above 93% for all antigens at 12 months except rotavirus, for which coverage was 92.7% in Scotland and 91.4% in Wales. In Northern Ireland coverage was above 90% for all antigens except for rotavirus, for which coverage was 88.4%.

Compared to the previous quarter, 6-in-1 coverage decreased in the East Of England (0.1 percentage points), London (1.1 percentage points), the Midlands (0.2 percentage points), the North West (0.7 percentage points), and the South East (0.4 percentage points).

There was an increase in 6-in-1 coverage in the South West (0.2 percentage points). In the North East and Yorkshire, coverage remained stable.

Coverage varies by geography. Full coverage data by country, NHS England region, UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) region, and UTLA is contained in the accompanying data file accompanying this report. Coverage for the 6-in-1 vaccine for quarter 1 2025 to 2026 by UTLA measured in children aged 12 months is presented in Figure 1.

Figure 1. Coverage of the 6-in-1 vaccine measured in children aged 12 months in England for quarter 1 2025 to 2026 by UTLA

Source of vaccine coverage data: UK Health Security Agency.

Source of boundaries: Office for National Statistics licensed under the Open Government Licence v.3.0 Contains OS data © Crown copyright and database right 2025.

Coverage of the 6-in-1 vaccine measured at 12 months varies by UTLA. The data underlying Figure 1 is available in the accompanying data file.

In England over the last 10 years, coverage for the 6-in-1 vaccine peaked at 93.8% in quarter 2 of 2015 to 2016, and at 91.1% this quarter was 2.7 percentage points lower than the peak (Figure 2a). Coverage of PCV1 in this quarter at 93.0% was 1.1 percentage points lower than the peak coverage of 94.1% in quarter 2 of 2022 to 2023 (Figure 2b). Rotavirus coverage this quarter was 1.8 percentage points lower than the peak of 90.9% in quarter 1 of 2020 to 2021 (Figure 2d), while MenB coverage was 1.9 percentage points lower than the peak of 93.0% in quarter 3 of 2017 to 2018 (Figure 2c).

Figure 2a. Coverage of the primary course of the 6-in-1 vaccine in England measured at 12 months between quarter 1 2015 to 2016 and quarter 1 2025 to 2026 [note 1]

Note 1: the 5-in-1 (DTaP/IPV/Hib3) vaccine was used prior to August 2017 when it was replaced with the 6-in-1 vaccine (DTaP/IPV/Hib/HepB3). As a result, coverage from quarter 4 of 2018 to 2019 6-in-1 vaccine is reported rather than 5-in-1.

Figure 2b. Coverage of the PCV vaccine in England measured at 12 months between quarter 1 2015 to 2016 and quarter 1 2025 to 2026 [note 2]

Note 2: From quarter 4 (January to March) 2020 to 2021, PCV1 rather than PCV2 is reported to reflect the change in the PCV schedule.

Figure 2c. Coverage of the MenB vaccine in England measured at 12 months between quarter 2 2016 to 2017 and quarter 1 2025 to 2026

Figure 2d. Coverage of the rotavirus vaccine in England measured at 12 months between quarter 1 2015 to 2016 and quarter 1 2025 to 2026

Coverage at 24 months

In the UK, compared with the previous quarter, coverage of the 6-in-1 vaccine decreased by 0.2 percentage points to 92.7%, PCV booster coverage decreased by 0.1 percentage points to 88.5%, MMR1 coverage decreased by 0.3 percentage points to 88.9%, MenB booster coverage remained stable at 88.0%, and Hib/MenC booster decreased by 0.1 percentage points to 88.9%.

In England, 24-month coverage of the 6-in-1 decreased by 0.2 percentage points to 92.3%, MenB remained stable at 87.5%, PCV booster coverage decreased by 0.1 percentage points to 88.0%, MMR1 decreased by 0.3 percentage points to 88.5%, and Hib/MenC decreased by 0.1 percentage points to 88.5%.

Across England excluding London (as this was the region with the lowest coverage), 6-in-1 coverage at 24 months was 93.5%, 1.2 percentage points higher than the overall England coverage; PCV booster coverage was 89.9%, 1.9 percentage points higher than the overall England coverage; MMR1 was 90.3%, 1.8 percentage points higher than the overall England coverage and MenB coverage was 89.4%, 1.9 percentage points higher than the overall England coverage; and Hib/MenC coverage was 90.4%, 1.9 percentage points higher than the overall England coverage.

In Scotland and Wales, coverage was above 92% for all antigens at 24 months. In Northern Ireland coverage was at least 87% for all antigens.

Compared to the previous quarter, MMR1 coverage decreased in the East Of England (0.9 percentage points), London (0.7 percentage points), the Midlands (0.1 percentage points), the North West (0.5 percentage points), the South East (0.2 percentage points), and the North East and Yorkshire (0.3 percentage points).

There was an increase in MMR1 coverage in the South West (0.6 percentage points).

Coverage varies by geography. Full coverage data by country, region, and UTLA is contained in the accompanying data file accompanying this report.

Coverage for the MMR1 vaccine for quarter 1 2025 to 2026 by UTLA measured at 24 months is presented in Figure 3.

Figure 3. Coverage of MMR1 vaccine measured in children aged 24 months in England for quarter 1 2025 to 2026 by UTLA

Source of vaccine coverage data: UK Health Security Agency.

Source of boundaries: Office for National Statistics licensed under the Open Government Licence v.3.0 Contains OS data © Crown copyright and database right 2025.

Coverage of the MMR vaccine measured at 24 months varies by UTLA. The data underlying Figure 3 is available in the accompanying data file.

In England over the last 10 years, coverage for the 6-in-1 peaked in quarter 2 of 2015 to 2016 at 95.6%, 3.3 percentage points higher than the current quarter coverage of 92.3% (Figure 4a). For the PCV booster, coverage was 88.0%, 4.1 percentage points lower than the peak of 92.1% in quarter 3 of 2015 to 2016 (Figure 4b). At 88.5%, the Hib/MenC booster was 3.3 percentage points lower than the peak coverage of 91.8% in quarter 3 of 2015 to 2016 (Figure 4c). MMR1 peaked at 91.6% in quarter 3 of 2016 to 2017, 3.1 percentage points higher than the coverage of 88.5% in the current quarter (Figure 4d). MenB coverage was 87.5%, 2.0 percentage points lower than the peak of 89.5% in quarter 2 of 2020 to 2021 (Figure 4e).

Figure 4a. Coverage of the primary course of the 6-in-1 vaccine in England measured at 24 months between quarter 1 2015 to 2016 and quarter 1 2025 to 2026 [note 1]

Note 1: the 5-in-1 (DTaP/IPV/Hib3) vaccine was used prior to August 2017 when it was replaced with the 6-in-1 vaccine (DTaP/IPV/Hib/HepB3). As a result, coverage from quarter 4 of 2018 to 2019 6-in-1 vaccine is reported rather than 5-in-1.

Figure 4b. Coverage of the PCV booster in England measured at 24 months between quarter 1 2015 to 2016 and quarter 1 2025 to 2026

Figure 4c. Coverage of the Hib/MenC booster in England measured at 24 months between quarter 1 2015 to 2016 and quarter 1 2025 to 2026

Figure 4d. Coverage of the MMR1 in England measured at 24 months between quarter 1 2015 to 2016 and quarter 1 2025 to 2026

Figure 4e. Coverage of the MenB booster in England measured at 24 months between quarter 3 2017 to 2018 and quarter 1 2025 to 2026

Coverage at 5 years

For the 6-in-1 vaccine, coverage in the UK decreased by 0.2 percentage points to 93.2% and MMR1 decreased by 0.3 percentage points to 92.5%. Coverage at 5 years for these vaccines primarily reflects vaccinations delivered 4 years ago.

MMR2 and the preschool booster (dTaP/IPV) are given from age 3 years and 4 months and reflect vaccinations that should have been delivered between August 2023 to October 2023.

MMR2 coverage decreased by 1.2 percentage points to 84.0% and the dTaP/IPV booster decreased by 1.2 percentage points to 82.4%. Hib/MenC decreased by 0.1 percentage points to 90.3%.

In England, coverage at 5 years of the 6-in-1 decreased by 0.2 percentage points to 92.8%, MMR1 coverage decreased by 0.4 percentage points to 92.0%, MMR2 coverage decreased by 1.3 percentage points to 83.2%, Hib/MenC decreased by 0.1 percentage points to 89.6%, and dTaP/IPV decreased by 1.4 percentage points to 81.3%.

Across England excluding London (as this was the region with the lowest coverage), 6-in-1 coverage at 5 years was 94.1%, 1.3 percentage points higher than the overall England coverage, MMR1 was 93.6%, 1.6 percentage points higher than the overall England coverage, MMR2 coverage was 86.4%, 3.2 percentage points higher than the overall England coverage, dTaP/IPV coverage was 84.8%, 3.5 percentage points higher than the overall England coverage and Hib/MenC coverage was 91.3%, 1.7 percentage points higher than the overall England coverage.

Both Scotland and Wales exceeded the 95% WHO target for coverage for both the 6-in-1 and MMR1 vaccines measured at 5 years, while coverage in Northern Ireland was above 94% for both vaccines.

Compared to the previous quarter, MMR1 coverage decreased in East Of England (0.4 percentage points), London (0.9 percentage points), the North East And Yorkshire (0.2 percentage points), the North West (0.7 percentage points), the South East (0.3 percentage points), the South West (0.2 percentage points).

MMR1 coverage was stable in the Midlands.

Coverage of MMR2 decreased in all regions: the East Of England (0.9 percentage points), London (3.1 percentage points), the Midlands (1.1 percentage points), the North East And Yorkshire (0.8 percentage points), the North West (1.3 percentage points), the South East (0.7 percentage points), and the South West (0.5 percentage points).

Coverage varies by geography. Full coverage data by country, region, and UTLA is contained in the accompanying data file accompanying this report.

Coverage for the MMR2 vaccine for quarter 1 2025 to 2026 by UTLA measured in children aged 5 years is presented in Figure 5.

Figure 5. Coverage of MMR2 vaccine measured in children aged 5 years in England for quarter 1 2025 to 2026 by UTLA

Source of vaccine coverage data: UK Health Security Agency.

Source of boundaries: Office for National Statistics licensed under the Open Government Licence v.3.0 Contains OS data © Crown copyright and database right 2025.

Coverage of the MMR2 vaccine measured at 5 years varies by UTLA. The data underlying Figure 5 is available in the accompanying data file.

In England over the last 10 years, coverage of the 6-in-1 vaccine was 3.2 percentage points lower this quarter than the peak of 96.0% in quarter 2 of 2017 to 2018 (Figure 6a). MMR1 was down by 3.6 percentage points from a peak of 95.6% in quarter 1 of 2017 to 2018 (Figure 6b). MMR2 was down by 5.0 percentage points when compared with 88.2% coverage reported in quarter 4 of 2015 to 2016 (Figure 6c). The pre-school booster was 6.6 percentage points lower than at its peak of 87.9% in quarter 3 of 2015 to 2016, and Hib/MenC coverage was 3.7 percentage points lower than the peak of 93.3% in quarter 3 of 2015 to 2016 (Figures 6d and 6e).

Figure 6a. Coverage of the primary course of the 6-in-1 vaccine in England measured at 5 years between quarter 1 2015 to 2016 and quarter 1 2025 to 2026 [note 1]

Note 1: the 5-in-1 (DTaP/IPV/Hib3) vaccine was used prior to August 2017 when it was replaced with the 6-in-1 vaccine (DTaP/IPV/Hib/HepB3). As a result, coverage from quarter 4 of 2018 to 2019 6-in-1 vaccine is reported rather than 5-in-1.

Figure 6b. Coverage of MMR1 in England measured at 5 years between quarter 1 2015 to 2016 and quarter 1 2025 to 2026

Figure 6c. Coverage of MMR2 in England measured at 5 years between quarter 1 2015 to 2016 and quarter 1 2025 to 2026

Figure 6d. Coverage of pre-school booster (dTaP/IPV) in England measured at 5 years between quarter 1 2015 to 2016 and quarter 1 2025 to 2026

Figure 6e. Coverage of the Hib/MenC booster in England measured at 5 years between quarter 1 2015 to 2016 to 2015 and quarter 1 2025 to 2026

Children aged 5 years in this quarter were born in quarter 1 2020 to 2021. When they were aged 12 months, coverage for the 6-in-1 was 91.5%. By 24 months it was 92.9%, and this quarter at 5 years it is 92.8%. As compared with birth cohorts from the previous 5 quarters, coverage for the 6-in-1 has followed a similar pattern of increasing from 12 to 24 months. However, coverage at 12 months is lower in more recent cohorts, though it remains more stable from 24 months to 5 years rather than dropping slightly as compared to earlier cohorts (Figure 7).

As a note, birth cohorts over time do not necessarily include the same children due to population movement.

Figure 7. Coverage of the 6-in-1 vaccine across England measured in children aged 5 years when they were aged 12 months, 24 months, and 5 years

Coverage in unregistered children in London

Due to uncertainty in the numbers of children not registered with GPs, these figures for London are reported separately. For antigens measured in these children aged 12 months, coverage was 14.9% for the 6-in-1, 14.7% for MenB, 19.1% for PCV1, and 16.7% for rotavirus. For antigens measured in these children aged 24 months, coverage was 35.1% for the 6-in-1, 17.9% for MMR1, 17.9% the for Hib/MenC booster, 17.5% for the PCV booster, and 16.5% for the MenB booster. For antigens measured in these children aged 5 years, coverage was 38.9% for the 6-in-1, 4.3% for the dTaP/IPV booster, 25.3% for the Hib/MenC booster, 27.7% for MMR1, and 6.1% for MMR2.

These results should be considered in light of the uncertainty in the numbers of children not registered with GPs and are likely to underestimate true coverage in this group.

Neonatal hepatitis B vaccine coverage: England

National coverage at 12 months for 5 doses of a HepB-containing vaccine decreased by 3.9 percentage points from 95.0% to 91.1% compared with the previous quarter (as seen in the previous quarterly report). Coverage of 6 doses of a HepB-containing vaccine reported for children who reached 2 years of age in the quarter (those born April to June 2023) decreased by 1.4 percentage points to 88.4% compared with the last quarter (89.8%) (see the accompanying data file accompanying this report).

The quality of neonatal HepB vaccine data is variable and coverage by regions can be based on small numbers. As such, comparisons of percentages should be considered alongside denominators. Where an area reported no vaccinated children, a check was made to ensure that this was zero reporting rather than absence of available data.

Neonatal BCG vaccine coverage: England

The data captures BCG coverage at age 3 months for children born January to March 2025 and at age 12 months for children born April to June 2024. It was provided for all local authorities in England and is published in the data file associated with this report. Measured at 3 months, coverage in England was 77.6% and measured at 12 months, it was 84.1%.

Data sources and methodology

Data was received from all health boards in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. In England, local teams and Child Health Record Departments provided data for all UTLAs and the associated general practices.

In this report and the accompanying data set, Hackney is included in the City of London and the Isles of Scilly are included in Cornwall. Cumbria is now reported as Cumberland and Westmoreland and Furness.

All English data was collected through NHS Digital’s Strategic Data Collection Service. Individual local authority and GP data, including numerators, denominators, coverage and relevant caveats where applicable, is available in the data file associated with this report. GP-level data was censored when individual values were less than 5.

These statistics are subject to both scheduled revisions and unscheduled corrections and are therefore marked as provisional. In addition to correction of any errors made during the production of these statistics, unscheduled corrections also include the correction of errors later identified within the source data received by UKHSA. Revisions and corrections are made timely and transparently in line with UKHSA’s published Revisions and corrections policy.

Background information

This publication is released on a quarterly basis and aligns with financial quarters. The analysis follows this pattern; any discussion of quarters aligns with the financial year whereby quarter 1 starts in April.

Children who reached their first birthday in this quarter would have been scheduled to receive their primary course (third dose) of the combined diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis vaccine, inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine, haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine and hepatitis B vaccine (DTaP/IPV/Hib/HepB3 or 6-in-1 vaccination) which protects against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough), polio, haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and hepatitis B, and their primary course (second dose) of MenB vaccine which protects against meningococcal group B disease at the age of 16 weeks, August 2024 to October 2024. They would have also been scheduled to receive a single dose of PCV (protecting against pneumococcal disease) and 2 doses of rotavirus vaccine at age 12 weeks, July 2024 to September 2024.

Except for the rotavirus vaccine which is only offered up to 6 months of age, all other vaccines are available to children in the current cohort at any time and would have been captured in this report if given by their first birthday. Children born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive mothers who reached their first birthday in this quarter should also have received monovalent hepatitis B vaccine at birth and at 4 weeks of age.

Children who reached their second birthday would have been scheduled to receive their primary course (third dose) of the 6-in-1 vaccination August 2023 to October 2023 and their first MMR vaccination, a Hib/MenC booster (protecting against haemophilus influenzae type b and meningococcal group C disease), MenB booster and PCV booster at one year of age April 2024 to June 2024. Children born to HBsAg positive mothers, who reached their second birthday in this quarter (born April to June 2023), were scheduled to receive a third dose monovalent hepatitis B vaccine at one year of age.

Children who reached their fifth birthday would have been scheduled to receive their primary course (third dose) of the 6-in-1 vaccination August 2020 to October 2020, their first MMR and the Hib/MenC booster April 2021 to June 2021, their pre-school diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis and polio (dTaP/IPV) booster, and second-dose MMR from August 2023 to October 2023.

Children born in areas where the TB incidence is greater than or equal to 40 per 100,000 or who are born to parents or grandparents from TB endemic areas were eligible for a BCG vaccination at 28 days. Coverage is measured at 3 months of age and 12 months of age for this selective immunisation.

The full routine immunisation schedule sets out the schedule for all childhood immunisations.

Related statistics

• Quarterly childhood vaccination coverage data for England

• Annual childhood vaccination coverage data for England

• Childhood immunisation uptake data for Wales

• Childhood immunisation statistics for Scotland

• Childhood vaccination coverage statistics for Northern Ireland

Further information and contact details

The submission and publication dates for this report series are available as is additional information for immunisation practitioners and other health professionals. For any questions or comments regarding this report, please email cover@ukhsa.gov.uk.

Official statistics

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UKHSA has conducted a formal review of these statistics. Following this review, an implementation plan has been developed to continue to improve the trustworthiness, quality, and value of these statistics. Key continuous improvements made will be highlighted within future releases of these statistics for transparency.