Corporate report

UK International Climate Finance results 2025

Published 9 October 2025

An infographic summarising the main results

• an estimated 137 million people have been supported to better adapt to the effects of climate change as a result of UK International Climate Finance since 2011
• UK International Climate Finance has helped to mobilise an estimated £21 billion in public and private finance combined since 2011
• through UK International Climate Finance, an estimated 145 million tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions have been reduced or avoided since 2011
• an estimated 12 million hectares of land are managed more sustainably as a result of UK International Climate Finance since 2011

Introduction

UK International Climate Finance (ICF) is Official Development Assistance (ODA) the UK provides to help developing countries reduce greenhouse gas emissions, biodiversity loss, damage to the environment and adapt to the effects of climate change. These investments help developing countries to:

• adapt to climate change and become more resilient to its effects, both now and in the future
• grow their economies with less carbon
• use natural resources in a sustainable way
• increase access to clean energy technologies
• reduce deforestation and protect natural habitats

The ICF portfolio is currently delivered jointly across 4 UK government departments:

• Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO)
• Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ)
• Department for Science, Innovation and Technology (DSIT)
• Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (Defra)

In addition to providing International Climate Finance (ICF), the UK government has made sure that, since 2024, all new bilateral ODA programmes are aligned with the Paris Agreement. Government departments use processes like the Programme Operating Framework to keep programmes in line with these commitments. This approach means the UK’s aid helps to reduce carbon emissions, protect the environment, and support communities to adapt to climate change while also supporting green economic growth. These actions are important for meeting the targets of the Paris Agreement, and for protecting our economies, livelihoods and wellbeing, which all depend on nature.

This publication highlights the main achievements of UK International Climate Finance since 2011. It summarises results from 15 key measures used to track progress in UK international development programmes that have climate change adaptation or mitigation as an objective. These 15 indicators provide a portfolio overview of what we are achieving in the climate space. However, they don’t tell the whole story, as each programme also has its own specific goals, which are reported separately.

You can find more details about these programmes on Development Tracker.

Total achieved results

All results in this publication are estimates based on programme level data, which contain a level of uncertainty – see the data quality section for more details.

ICF results are reported for 15 key performance indicators (KPIs). Four of these focus on technical assistance and are called ‘TA KPIs’^{[footnote 1]}. These indicators measure results across the main climate themes our programmes cover. They are flexible and can be used for projects covering different topics, such as sustainable manufacturing, financial systems, and more traditional climate work such as agriculture and nature protection. Since 2011, 395 programmes have reported results. Many programmes will continue to deliver benefits after they end. We report both the total results achieved so far and the expected future benefits (see Annex 1).

Table 1 shows the estimated results for each KPI from April 2011 to March 2025. This covers the period from start of the first official UK ICF commitment up to the end of the most recent financial year. The results are cumulative, adding together the achievements from all ICF programmes over this period. More details for each KPI are given in the section ‘Results for each key performance indicator (KPI)’.

To avoid overestimating, we give guidance on how to estimate the extra impact (‘additionality’^{[footnote 2]} of our results. We advise a cautious approach. All figures over 10,000 are rounded down to the nearest thousand. If a programme has more than one funder, we report the results that match the UK’s share of funding. For technical assistance indicators, we use a contribution approach.

Sometimes, we update results from previous years if we get new data, use better methods, or correct errors. Some programmes may report for the first time and include data from earlier years, or there may be delays in reporting.

When we compare results from this year to previous years, we use the latest data, including any updates. This means the numbers may not match those published before. We explain any major changes to historical data in the text. All charts use the latest cumulative results and include updates.

You can find previous publications and details about how we collect results on the ICF results webpage.

Table 1: ICF results achieved from April 2011 to March 2025

KPI number	KPI title	Achieved total
KPI 1	Number of people supported to better adapt to the effects of climate change	137,526,000 people
KPI 2.1	Number of people with improved access to clean energy	89,163,000 people
KPI 2.2	Number of social institutions with improved access to clean energy	1,463 institutions
KPI 4	Number of people whose resilience has been improved	33,890,000 people
KPI 6	Tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions reduced or avoided	145,755,000 tonnes of CO2 (tCO2e)
KPI 7	Installed capacity of clean energy	4,872 megawatts (MW)
KPI 8	Ecosystem loss avoided	717,000 hectares
KPI 10	Value of ecosystem services generated or protected	6,278,000 GBP (£)
KPI 11	Volume of public finance mobilised for climate change purposes	10,589,837,000 GBP (£)
KPI 12	Volume of private finance mobilised for climate change purposes	10,461,073,000 GBP (£)
KPI 15	Extent to which ICF intervention is likely to lead to transformational change	69.4% programmes scored a 4 or 5
KPI 17	Area under sustainable management practices	12,149,000 hectares
TA KPI 1	Number of countries supported by ICF Technical Assistance	141 countries
TA KPI 2.1	Number of individuals supported by ICF Technical Assistance	3,414,000 people
TA KPI 2.2	Number of organisations supported by ICF Technical Assistance	7,535 organisations
TA KPI 3	Number of climate policies informed by ICF Technical Assistance	433 policies
TA KPI 5	Tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions reduced or avoided through ICF Technical Assistance	138,925,000 tonnes of CO2 (tCO2e)

Data quality

This publication has been produced following voluntary application of the Code of Practice for Statistics. You can read more about how we apply the code in our statement of voluntary compliance with the Code of Practice for Statistics.

The results in this report cover many programmes working on different themes across several government departments. Programme partners often collect the data, and their methods may vary. We give partners guidance notes on how to collect data for ICF KPIs, and we train programme teams to help them collect good quality data.

Programme teams send us their results, provide evidence and complete a checklist to show they have followed the correct methods. Our cross-government ICF analysts then check the results and supporting information. We have improved this process by adding semi-automated checks to spot unusual results or patterns, which we then investigate further.

Because there are so many programmes, we cannot check every detail of the data at source. If better data becomes available later, we update historical results to make them more accurate. We explain any changes under each indicator section if needed.

This publication focuses on ‘achieved results’. These are the results delivered by ICF programmes from April 2011 to March 2025. The figures are our best estimates, but there is some uncertainty. This is because we sometimes must make assumptions or use average values in our calculations.

We aim to be cautious with our estimates. We round down the overall totals and recommend making downward adjustments to reflect how confident we are in the results. Sometimes, we need to estimate things like the average household size in an area, the best exchange rate for currency conversions, the value of an ecosystem service per hectare, or how many years a solar energy installation will last.

In the annex, we also show ‘expected total programme benefits’. These try to estimate what our programmes might deliver over their full lifetime, including anything delivered after the programme ends. For example, renewable energy installations are expected to keep working after the programme finishes. These forecasts are less certain.

If we find an error in any results after publication, we will respond based on how serious the error is. If the mistake could change the overall conclusions, we will issue an unscheduled revision as soon as possible. Smaller errors will be corrected in the next annual update on ICF results. You can find more details in the FCDO statistics: statement on revisions policy.

Inclusive data and data disaggregation

We ask programmes to break down the number of people they help by sex, age, disability, and location. However, not all programmes have systems that can collect this information.

Sometimes, programmes cannot report a person’s details across more than one category. For example, it may not be possible to show how many disabled women live in rural areas. If a programme cannot provide the breakdown we need, we list those results as ‘unspecified’ in this publication. This includes cases where we do not yet report on a category, cannot check the data properly, or do not have the data yet.

We are working to improve our data systems so we can collect more detailed information and increase the coverage of these breakdowns. For more information, see our guidance on inclusive data for ICF.

To protect sensitive information, we do not publish breakdowns if fewer than 5 programmes report them, or if there are fewer than 20 people in a group. You can read more in the FCDO statistics: statement on disclosure control.

We also show breakdowns for other categories, such as sector and technology type, in our KPI results. However, similar challenges exist for these categories. Sometimes, programmes cannot collect or report this detailed information, so we list those results as ‘unspecified’.

Publication notes

Improvements in 2025

We are always working to make our results publication more useful and transparent. This year, we have:

• made the main results easier to find
• improved our quality checks to reduce the risk of mistakes
• reviewed our results process against the Code of Practice for Statistics and made changes where needed
• added a new section on data quality to be more open about how we collect and check data
• updated our charts for the technical assistance indicators to be clearer on the time period covered
• explained that our results are estimates and may change, with details in the text

User feedback

We welcome your feedback. If you have suggestions or ideas to improve this publication, email statistics@fcdo.gov.uk.

ICF key performance indicator results

KPI 1: Estimated number of people supported to better adapt to the effects of climate change

This indicator shows how many people have received direct support^{[footnote 3]} from the UK’s International Climate Finance (ICF) to help them adapt to climate change. Support includes helping people grow more food, manage water supplies, and prepare for natural disasters linked to climate change. These actions support the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target 13.1 on strengthening resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards, as well as contributing towards SDG 1 on ending poverty, SDG 2 on food security and SDG 6 on access to water.

From April 2011 to March 2025, an estimated 137,526,000 people were directly supported to adapt to climate change, through 152 programmes. This was an increase of 22,007,000 (19%) compared to last year (Figure 1). These figures show people who received help directly from UK projects. They do not include people who may benefit indirectly.

The 3 programmes that supported the most people in the last year were ‘Global System for Mobile technology Association (GSMA) Mobile for Development’, ‘Zambia Social Protection Expansion Programme Phase II’ and ‘Global Risk Financing (GRIF) Programme’.

There was an increase in historical results of 5,442,000 beneficiaries. This was mainly because one programme reported data for earlier years that had not been included before.

Figure 1: Estimated cumulative annual results achieved for KPI 1

Number of people supported to better adapt to the effects of climate change as a result of UK ICF, from April 2011 to March 2025. Reporting year refers to the end point of a reporting period, ie ‘2025’ marks the result reported for the period from April 2024 to March 2025.

A line chart showing the results for KPI 1, in number of people. There is a steady upwards trend from 2012 to 2025.

We have information on the sex of beneficiaries for 72% of the results for this indicator. Of these, 53% were male and 47% were female. Most beneficiaries were adults where age information was available. For 3% of the results, we have data on disability. Of these, 2% of people were recorded as having a disability. We have geography data for 20% of results. Of these, 87% of beneficiaries live in rural areas and 13% in urban areas.

Table 2: Disaggregated data for KPI 1 (number of people supported to adapt to climate change)

Shows how the overall total is split across different categories such as age, sex and disability.

Disaggregation	Total achieved (number of people)	Number of programmes
Age
Child (Age 0-14)	769,000	6
Youth (Age 15-24)	58,000	5
Adult (Age 25-64)	1,701,000	15
Elder (Age 65+)	31,000	5
Unspecified	134,965,000	163
Disability
Disabled	77,000	12
Not disabled	4,371,000	21
Unspecified	133,077,000	159
Geography
Rural	23,793,000	42
Urban	3,502,000	11
Unspecified	110,230,000	137
Sex
Female	46,174,000	116
Male	52,988,000	115
Unspecified	38,363,000	85

KPI 2.1: Estimated number of people with improved access to clean energy

This indicator helps achieve sustainable development goals for affordable and clean energy (SDG 7) and health and wellbeing (SDG 3). By reducing the use of polluting cooking fuels, we cut carbon emissions and improve the health of beneficiaries, as indoor air pollution is a major problem.

Actions that contribute to this indicator include:

• installing solar technology
• setting up green mini-grids to supply power in rural areas
• providing clean cook stoves to reduce the need for firewood
• supporting improvements in energy efficiency

From 2011 to 2025, an estimated 89,163,000 people gained better access to clean energy. This is an increase of 10,087,000 (13%) since 2024 (Figure 2). From the 65 programmes reporting against this KPI, the largest increases came from the programmes: ‘Transforming Energy Access (TEA)’, ‘Manufacturing Africa - Foreign Direct Investment’ and ‘Carbon Initiative for Development (Ci-Dev)’. Some programmes updated their historical results, which led to a decrease of 3,056,000 beneficiaries reported for the previous years.

Figure 2: Estimated cumulative annual results achieved for KPI 2.1

Number of people with improved access to clean energy as a result of UK ICF, from April 2011 to March 2025.

A line chart showing the results for KPI 2.1, in number of people, from 2012 to 2025. The first two years are relatively flat, then there is a steady upward trend from 2014 to 2025.

We have broken down the results for this indicator by age, type of clean energy, disability, location, and sex. For the results where sex was reported (46%), 53% of beneficiaries were female and 47% were male. Less than 1% of beneficiaries were reported by age or disability. Geographic disaggregation was available for 3% of results, with 67% of beneficiaries living in urban locations and 33% in rural. Of the results where the type of clean energy was reported, 72% were for clean electricity and 28% for clean cooking.

Table 3: Disaggregated data for KPI 2.1 (number of people with improved clean energy access)

Shows how the overall total is split across different categories such as age, sex and type of energy.

Disaggregation	Total achieved (number of people)	Number of programmes
Age
Child (Age 0-14)	1,362,000	<5
Youth (Age 15-24)	505,000	<5
Adult (Age 25-64)	874,000	6
Elder (Age 65+)	92,000	<5
Unspecified	86,328,000	64
Clean energy type
Clean cooking	9,736,000	16
Clean electricity	25,214,000	31
Unspecified	54,212,000	38
Disability
Disabled	9,500	<5
Not disabled	136,000	5
Unspecified	89,017,000	66
Geography
Rural	889,000	15
Urban	1,815,000	9
Unspecified	86,459,000	54
Sex
Female	21,394,000	33
Male	19,229,000	31
Unspecified	48,539,000	43

KPI 2.1 Case study: Transforming Energy Access (TEA)

Transforming Energy Access (TEA) is the UK’s flagship research and innovation platform supporting early-stage testing and scale up of new technologies and business models that accelerate access to affordable clean energy in developing countries. It is one of the main delivery mechanisms for the Ayrton Fund, which supports research, development and demonstration (RD&D) to speed up the clean energy transition in developing countries.

Since 2016, TEA has stimulated research and development of 872 new clean energy technologies and business models in areas such as energy storage, sustainable cooling, electric pressure cookers, smart energy systems, pay-as-you-go solar energy solutions, energy access crowdfunding, zero emissions generators, electric vehicles, mini-grids, e-waste recycling and more. Its work has helped improve social infrastructure, for example by electrifying clinics, and helped generate incomes and jobs for developing economies.

Overall, TEA has helped support improved clean energy access for 30 million people in developing countries (KPI 2.1), leveraged £1.6 billion of additional investment from both private and public sources (KPIs 11 and 12), created and supported 153,000 sustainable long-term jobs; and avoided 4.6 million tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions (the equivalent of removing over 3 million UK cars from the road for one year – KPI 6).

Two people riding on a Zembo ‘Zero Emission Motorcycle Boda’ in Uganda (TEA platform)

KPI 2.2: Estimated number of social institutions with improved access to clean energy

KPI 2.2 is similar to KPI 2.1 but focuses on social institutions^{[footnote 4]} that have improved access to clean energy, which provide benefits to the wider community.

An estimated total of 1,463 institutions have been supported with improved energy access between 2011 and 2025, through 15 programmes (Figure 3). There was an increase of 376 institutions supported compared to 2024. The largest increase this year comes from the programme ‘Building Resilience and Addressing Vulnerability in Emergencies (BRAVE)’, followed by ‘Delivering Accelerated Family Planning in Pakistan (DAFPAK)’. There was a small revision to historical results for one programme, adjusting which year results were counted under and avoiding overlap, which led to a decrease of 24 for previous years.

Figure 3: Estimated cumulative annual results achieved for KPI 2.2

Number of social institutions with improved access to clean energy as a result of UK ICF, from April 2011 to March 2025.

A line chart showing the results for KPI 2.2, in number of institutions, from 2012 to 2025. The line is relatively flat up to 2016 then begins to increase gradually to 2023, with a steeper increase from 2023 to 2025.

KPI 4: Estimated number of people whose resilience has been improved

This indicator shows how many people have become more resilient to climate shocks and stresses with support from UK International Climate Finance (ICF) programmes. These programmes help achieve the global goal of making communities stronger against climate hazards (SDG 13.1). Each programme is designed to improve resilience based on the specific climate risks in its area.

Climate resilience has 3 main parts:

• adaptive capacity (how well people can adjust to change)
• anticipatory capacity (how well people can prepare for future risks)
• absorptive capacity (how well people can cope with impacts)

To report against this indicator, programmes must show improvements in at least 2 of these areas. Examples of support include building houses on raised platforms, protecting water sources, strengthening flood defences, setting up early warning systems, and providing social protection.

Programmes collect evidence before and after their work, often through surveys, to show whether people’s resilience has improved. These results are combined to give a single outcome for each person: ‘improved’ or ‘not improved’.

From April 2011 to March 2025, an estimated 33,890,000 people became more resilient to climate shocks through 39 ICF programmes (see Figure 4). This was an increase of 1,165,000 from the previous year. The largest increase came from ‘Building Resilience and Addressing Vulnerability in Emergencies (BRAVE)’. Revisions to historical results resulted in an increase of 203,000 for previous years.

Figure 4: Estimated cumulative annual results achieved for KPI 4

Number of people whose resilience has been improved as a result of UK ICF, from April 2011 to March 2025.

A line chart showing the results for KPI 4, in number of people, from 2012 to 2025. The line is relatively flat up to 2017, then increases steeply to 2022, with slower increase from 2022 to 2025.

We have information on the sex of beneficiaries for 63% of the results. Of these, 58% were male and 42% were female. About 7% of results included geography information, and nearly all of these people lived in rural areas.

Table 4: Disaggregated data for KPI 4 (number of people with improved resilience)

Shows how the overall total is split across different categories such as age, sex and disability.

Disaggregation	Total achieved (number of people)	Number of programmes
Age
Adult (Age 25-64)	1,034,000	<5
Unspecified	32,855,000	39
Disability
Disabled	3,000	<5
Not disabled	231,000	<5
Unspecified	33,656,000	39
Geography
Rural	2,447,000	8
Urban	11,000	<5
Unspecified	31,431,000	31
Sex
Female	9,061,000	27
Male	12,398,000	26
Unspecified	12,430,000	16

KPI 4 Case study: Building Resilience and Addressing Vulnerability in Emergencies (BRAVE)

BRAVE is a 7-year (2021 to 2028) climate resilience programme that aims to save lives and improve the coping capacity of the most vulnerable people, while increasing the ability of the Government of Pakistan, civil society and communities to mitigate and respond to the effects of climate change.

Its work helps transform lives. BRAVE rehabilitated hand pumps in a village damaged by the 2024 floods, this time using a “build back better” approach. Installed on raised platforms and connected through lead lines, the pumps now ensure reliable access to clean water, even during future floods. Strategically locating these hand pumps near 4 to 6 family home clusters also saves women in the village from walking miles everyday, often in extreme heat or rain just to fetch water. Instead, they now have more time and energy for their families and have resumed income-generating activities such as embroidery and livestock rearing.

This shift has not only improved household incomes but also enhanced their sense of dignity, safety, and independence. Through interventions like this, BRAVE has supported over 600,000 people to improve their resilience since the start of the programme.

A woman collects water from a rehabilitated hand pump (image credit: Sherwan Asif)

KPI 6: Estimated tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions reduced or avoided

This indicator estimates how much UK International Climate Finance (ICF) programmes have reduced greenhouse gas emissions, compared to what would have happened without this support. It is similar to another indicator (TA KPI 5), which measures the emissions reduced through ICF technical assistance. The main difference is that KPI 6 looks at capital investment projects where we can directly link the reduction in emissions to ICF funding, while TA KPI 5 measures the contribution of technical assistance^{[footnote 5]}.

UK ICF helps cut greenhouse gas emissions through programmes in all sectors of the economy. Examples include:

• replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy, such as solar, wind, or geothermal
• promoting cleaner alternatives to wood for cooking
• reducing deforestation

This indicator is aligned with SDG 13.2.2, which also tracks annual greenhouse gas emissions.

Some benefits continue even after a programme ends. For example, solar panels keep generating clean energy and reducing emissions for as long as they work, even after the programme that funded them has finished. This means the expected total lifetime results are much higher than the results achieved so far (see Annex 1).

Since 2011, ICF programmes have reduced or avoided an estimated 145,755,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent, through 61 programmes. This is an increase of 38,243,000 tonnes (36%) compared to the total up to 2024 (see Figure 5). The biggest increases came from the programmes ‘Manufacturing Africa - Foreign Direct Investment’, ‘Lowering Emissions by Accelerating Forest finance (LEAF) Coalition’, and ‘REDD Early Movers programme (REM)’. Updates to past results added 1,791,000 tonnes, mostly from a new programme reporting results for 2024.

Figure 5: Estimated cumulative annual results achieved for KPI 6

Tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions reduced or avoided as a result of UK ICF, from April 2011 to March 2025.

A line chart showing the results for KPI 6, in tonnes of CO2, from 2012 to 2025. The line increases slowly up to 2015 then increases more steeply to 2025 .

We have sector breakdowns for 36% of the results for this indicator. Most of the emissions reduced or avoided came from energy supply (57%), followed by transport (14%), forestry (7%), industrial processes (4%), and waste management (2%). Other sectors, such as agriculture, residential, land and sea use, business, and public, contributed smaller amounts.

Table 5: Disaggregated data for KPI 6 (greenhouse gas emissions reduced or avoided)

Shows how the overall total is split across different categories, such as sector and technology type used.

Disaggregation	Total achieved (tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions)	Number of programmes
Carbon credits
Not obtained	16,765,000	24
Obtained and sold	802,000	<5
Unspecified	128,188,000	28
Sector
Agriculture	1,757,000	<5
Business	57,000	<5
Energy supply	29,878,000	21
Forestry	3,872,000	5
Industrial processes	1,934,000	<5
Land/sea-use and land/sea-use change	5,527,000	<5
Public	35	<5
Residential	1,136,000	<5
Transport	7,588,000	11
Waste management	957,000	7
Water	137,000	<5
Unspecified	92,906,000	46
Technology type
Biofuels	196,000	<5
Biomass	639,000	5
Clean cookstoves	2,550,000	<5
Concentrated solar power (CSP)	969,000	<5
Hydropower	1,221,000	<5
Multiple/mixed renewable energy	10,544,000	10
Process Heating/Drying	533,000	<5
Solar photovoltaicaic (PV)	7,356,000	13
Wind power	2,503,000	<5
Unspecified	119,239,000	20

KPI 7: Estimated installed capacity of clean energy

This indicator measures the amount of clean energy capacity installed through UK International Climate Finance (ICF) programmes. It includes both on-grid and off-grid sources, such as wind, solar, geothermal energy, and clean cookstoves. Installed capacity means the maximum power the clean energy source can produce when it is working, which is different from the actual energy generated.

Access to energy is a key barrier to economic growth and job creation. This work supports global goal SDG 7, which aims to expand infrastructure and technology to provide modern, sustainable energy for everyone in developing countries. In many cases, clean energy partly replaces fossil fuels, which helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions and also contributes to KPI 6 (tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions reduced or avoided).

Between 2011 and 2025, ICF programmes installed an estimated 4,872 megawatts (MW) of clean energy capacity. This is an increase of 13% compared to the total up to 2024 (see Figure 6). A total of 58 programmes reported results for this indicator.

The biggest absolute increases came from ‘British International Investment (BII) Programme of Support in Africa, South Asia, Indo-Pacific & Carib (2015 to 2027)’, ‘Support to the multilateral Climate Investment Funds (CIFs)’ and ‘Sustainable Infrastructure Programme - Latin America (SIP LA)’. Revisions to historical results resulted in a decrease of 238 for previous years, mainly because one programme revised its figures downwards.

Figure 6: Estimated cumulative annual results achieved for KPI 7

Installed capacity of clean energy as a result of UK ICF, from April 2011 to March 2025.

A line chart showing the results for KPI 7, in megawatts, from 2012 to 2025. The line shows a steady increase from 2012 to 2025.

We have broken down the results by location, grid connection, and type of technology. Of the results where grid connection was reported (44%), 93% were connected to a national or regional grid (on-grid). These projects are usually large and produce tens or hundreds of megawatts. For technology type, we have data for 69% of the reported clean energy capacity. Most of this was solar photovoltaic (PV) at 61%, followed by wind at 10% and clean cookstoves at 6%. Smaller amounts were reported for hydropower, mixed renewable energy, biofuels, concentrated solar power (CSP), and biomass.

Table 6: Disaggregated data for KPI 7 (MW clean energy installed)

Shows how the overall total is split across different categories such as technology used.

Disaggregation	Total achieved (megawatts)	Number of programmes
Geography
Rural	308	14
Urban	402	11
Unspecified	4,100	45
Grid connectivity
Off-grid	156	27
On-grid	1,900	17
Unspecified	2,700	9
Technology type
Biofuels	95	<5
Biomass	24	<5
Clean cookstoves	217	<5
Concentrated solar power (CSP)	81	<5
Hydropower	188	8
Mixed solar	1	<5
Multiple/mixed renewable energy	372	6
Solar photovoltaic (PV)	2,000	34
Wind power	331	5
Unspecified	1,500	35

KPI 7 Case study: British International Investment

BII is the UK’s Development Finance Institution, with a mission to help solve the biggest global development challenges by investing over the long term to support private sector growth and innovation in developing countries. In the 5 years up to 2026, BII has committed to make at least 30% of its investments in climate, and in 2024 made £708 million of climate finance investments (41% of total investments for that year). BII’s climate investments build the foundations for net zero, supporting a just and inclusive transition and strengthening resilience to climate shocks in developing countries.

For KPI 7 (installed capacity of clean energy), as a result of BII’s investments in 2024, an additional 113 MW of clean energy capacity was installed, including:

• Frontier Energy II Delta K/S (Planet Solar): BII is invested in Planet Solar, Sierra Leone’s first large-scale solar independent power producer, helping to address the country’s need for clean, affordable and reliable power. Only 23% of the population in Sierra Leone have access to electricity, and through BII’s investment alongside Frontier Energy and other development finance institutions, the project is expected to increase the country’s power supply by approximately 30%. This will have a positive impact on the country’s economic growth, employment opportunities, and living standards.
• Fourth Partner energy: BII’s investment into Fourth Partner, a leading renewable energy company for commercial and industrial (C&I) businesses will enable approximately 295 megawatts of greenfield renewable energy generation capacity across India, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Bangladesh, and Indonesia, increasing supply of power to the company’s C&I customers, and helping avoid 326,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions annually.
• Skye Renewables: A joint investment from BII and Idemitsu to support the development of solar projects for commercial and industrial use in Southeast Asia, helping to sustainably meet increasing energy demand in a region with a high reliance on fossil fuels. This investment aims to build over 300MW of greenfield solar power capacity across South-East Asia. The solar projects are expected to avoid 270,000 tonnes of carbon emissions annually.

KPI 8: Estimated ecosystem loss avoided

This indicator measures how much extra area of natural habitat has been protected by UK International Climate Finance (ICF) projects, compared to what would have happened without this support. Protecting ecosystems helps tackle climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and helps people adapt by preserving biodiversity and supporting livelihoods.

In February 2023, we updated our methods so we can now measure more types of ecosystems, not just forests. This includes marine, freshwater, and grassland areas, using International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) biome categories. We also check that the habitats protected are still healthy and have not been damaged.

From April 2011 to March 2025, ICF programmes helped protect an estimated 717,000 hectares of land from ecosystem loss, reported by 20 programmes (see Figure 7). The total area protected is lower than last year because one programme revised its results downwards, reducing the historical total by 107,753 hectares. With the updated data, there has been a 10% increase in protected area (65,000ha) since 2024. The biggest increase came from the ‘Mobilising Finance for Forests (MFF)’ programme.

We collect information on the type of ecosystem and the pressures removed, but this detailed data was only available for 1% of the results, so it is not shown here.

Figure 7: Estimated cumulative annual results achieved for KPI 8

Ecosystem loss avoided as a result of UK ICF, from April 2011 to March 2025.

A line chart showing the results for KPI 8, in hectares, from 2012 to 2025. The line increases slowly to 2019, then has a larger increase to 2021, levels off, then increases again between 2023 to 2025.

KPI 8 Case study: REDD+ Early Movers (REM) programme

The REDD+ Early Movers (REM) programme helps reduce emissions from deforestation, and is supported by the UK, Germany, and Norway. UK support in Colombia and 2 Brazilian states – Acre and Mato Grosso – has helped cut 31 million tonnes of carbon emissions by protecting forests. The money earned from the results-based payments is reinvested to keep reducing deforestation, strengthen local policies and institutions, and support forest communities. This includes funding projects that empower Indigenous Peoples and local communities, promote sustainable farming, and improve cattle and soy farms on already degraded land.

To date, funding invested has benefitted over 100,000 rural, traditional, farming, and Indigenous families supporting them to develop more sustainable income sources. By working with people living in and near the forest, the programme is able to strengthen the supply chains of native products, including banana, honey and acai. Supporting communities in this way helps to move beyond a focus on tackling illegal deforestation, to also reducing legal deforestation.

KPI 10: Estimated value of ecosystem services generated or protected

Ecosystem services are the benefits people get from nature and healthy ecosystems. These services include:

• provisioning services, such as energy, food, and medicine
• regulating services, like flood protection, climate control, and pest management
• cultural services, such as education, recreation, and spiritual value
• supporting services, which help ecosystems function, like nutrient and water cycles

Actions that contribute to this indicator include reducing deforestation in mangroves and other forests, encouraging sustainable practices in forest areas, and improving how resources are managed.

This indicator supports the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework target 11, which aims to maintain or improve nature’s benefits to people, including ecosystem services. It also provides evidence of support towards several global goals that depend on ecosystem services, such as food (SDG 2), water (SDG 6), health (SDG 3), and biodiversity (SDGs 14 and 15).

From April 2011 to March 2025, UK ICF programmes have generated or protected an estimated £6,278,000 worth of ecosystem services (see Figure 8). So far, only 3 programmes have reported results for this indicator. The programmes are: ‘Reducing Deforestation and Forest Fires in the Brazilian Cerrado’, ‘Blue Forest Initiatives’ and ‘Accountability in Tanzania Programme - Phase II’. Revisions to historical results have led to a decrease of 107,753 for previous years.

Even though we updated the methods in February 2023 to include more types of ecosystems and make this indicator easier to use, only a few programmes are reporting results. We will keep monitoring this and may review the indicator again if needed.

Figure 8: Estimated cumulative annual results achieved for KPI 10

Value of ecosystem services generated or protected as a result of UK ICF, from April 2011 to March 2025.

A line chart showing the results for KPI 10, in GBP, from 2012 to 2025. The line is relatively flat up to 2015 then increases steeply to 2018, then has a more gradual increase to 2025.

KPI 11: Estimated volume of public finance mobilised for climate change purposes

Achieving the UK’s global climate change goals needs large amounts of funding from outside the UK. This indicator shows how much money from non-UK public sources has been raised for climate action because of UK International Climate Finance (ICF) programmes.

The finance counted here comes from public sources, such as partner country governments, UN agencies, and multilateral or regional development banks. To be included, the money must be either new funding or existing funds that have been redirected from more polluting uses.

Since April 2011, an estimated total of £10,589,837,000 has been raised, an increase of 20% compared to 2024 (Figure 9). Results for this indicator have been reported by 96 programmes since 2011. The largest increases in achieved results were seen in the programmes ‘Global Environment Facility 8th Replenishment’, ‘Market Accelerator for Green Construction (MAGC)’ and ‘Climate, Energy and Water Security in Central Asia CEW-CA’.

Figure 9: Estimated cumulative annual results achieved for KPI 11

Volume of public finance mobilised for climate change purposes as a result of UK ICF, from April 2011 to March 2025.

A line chart showing the results for KPI 11, in GBP, from 2012 to 2025. The line shows a steady increase from 2012 to 2025.

Of the public finance where the origin is reported (40% of results), most came from other DAC donors^{[footnote 6]} and from developing countries eligible for official development assistance (ODA)^{[footnote 7]} (19%). Of the finance reported by theme (69%), 72% was for climate change mitigation, 10% for adaptation, and the rest covered both.

Table 7: Disaggregated data for KPI 11 (public finance mobilised for climate change purposes)

Shows how the overall total is split across different categories such as the origin of finance and how it was leveraged.

Disaggregation	Total achieved (GBP)	Number of programmes
Climate theme
Adaptation	728,226,000	22
Mitigation	5,299,764,000	35
Mitigation and adaptation	1,307,685,000	17
Unspecified	3,254,161,000	46
Leveraging mechanism and role position
Credit lines	177,110,000	<5
Direct investment in companies	1,368,000	<5
Project finance	533,037,000	9
Simple co-financing arrangements	307,988,000	10
Unspecified	9,570,331,000	19
Origin of public finance mobilised
Developing country finance	797,500,000	21
DAC donor finance	1,346,309,000	20
Multilateral finance	2,140,846,000	13
Non-DAC donor finance	750,000	<5
Unspecified	6,304,430,000	65
Sector
Agriculture	14,707,000	6
Business	30,447,000	6
Energy supply	593,414,000	12
Forestry	4,035,000	<5
Industrial processes	78,023,000	<5
Public	11,697,000	<5
Residential	42,000	<5
Transport	8,316,000	<5
Waste management	11,569,000	6
Water	17,155,000	6
Unspecified	9,820,427,000	20

KPI 11 Case study: Climate Investment Funds

The Climate Investment Funds (CIF), launched in 2008, supports 82 countries. With a portfolio of over 362 approved projects and $12.5 billion in commitments, the CIF drives transformational change in clean energy, nature, resilience, and sustainable infrastructure. It contributes to at least ten Sustainable Development Goals, reinforcing its global impact.

Delivered through 6 major Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs), CIF leverages existing systems for cost-effective, system-wide impact and pioneers’ solutions to frontier challenges such as just transitions, coal phase-out and clean energy transitions, nature-based solutions, adaptation and resilience, and industrial decarbonisation.

CIF established the CIF Capital Market Mechanism (CCMM), the first capital market-facing instrument among climate funds with the potential to raise an expected $7.5 billion directly. On average, every £1 of CIF funding supports a further £10 in public and private climate finance flows. The 1:10 co-finance ratio is made up of around 2 thirds public finance and one third private finance. CIFs continues to make significant contributions to the ICF portfolio results contributing £1.7 billion in public finance mobilised (ICF KPI 11) and £0.6 billion in private finance mobilised (ICF KPI 12).

A notable example is Vietnam’s Distribution Efficiency Project, which used smart grids to upgrade power supplies in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. With $20 million in Clean Technology Fund (CTF) support, the project mobilised over $600 million in co-financing and achieved 449 GWh in annual energy savings.

In Vietnam, CIF’s Clean Technology Fund supported smart grids to upgrade power supplies in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. Image shows a view of Ho Chi Minh City from above, showing the city lit up at night. (image credit: Diego Delso, delso.photo, License CC BY-SA)

KPI 12: Estimated volume of private finance mobilised for climate change purposes

This indicator shows how much private finance has been raised for climate action because of UK International Climate Finance (ICF) programmes. It helps measure the UK’s contribution to the previous commitment by developed countries to raise $100 billion of public and private finance each year to help developing countries tackle climate change (SDG 13.a). In future, it will also help track the UK’s contribution to the New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG) on climate finance.

The finance counted here comes from private sources, such as banks (not including multilateral or regional development banks), private companies, pension funds, charities, Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) financing, voluntary carbon credit markets, insurance companies, private savings, family money, entrepreneurs’ own capital, and sovereign wealth funds. It includes all types of finance, such as equity, loans, and guarantees.

Between April 2011 and March 2025, it is estimated that £10,461,073,000 of private finance has been mobilised across 98 programmes. This is an increase of 28% when compared with the total up to 2024 (Figure 10). The biggest increases came from ‘Second phase of DFID’s Support to the Private Infrastructure Development Group (PIDG)’, ‘British International Investment (BII) Programme of Support in Africa, South Asia, Indo-Pacific & Carib (2015 to 2027)’ and ‘Mobilising Finance for Forests (MFF)’.

Figure 10: Estimated cumulative annual results achieved for KPI 12

Volume of private finance mobilised for climate change purposes as a result of UK ICF, from April 2011 to March 2025.

A line chart showing the results for KPI 12, in GBP, from 2012 to 2025. The line shows a gradual increase up to 2017 and then a steeper increase to 2025.

Of the results where the origin of private finance was reported (58%), most came from multiple origins (89%), with the next largest share from recipient countries (8%). For the results that reported how the finance was raised, the most common method was simple co-financing arrangements (54%). These include business partnerships, surveys, matching programmes, and result-based approaches to leveraging finance.

Table 8: Disaggregated data for KPI 12 (private finance mobilised for climate change purposes)

Shows how the overall total is split across different categories such as the origin of finance and how it was leveraged.

Disaggregation	Total achieved (GBP)	Number of programmes
Climate theme
Adaptation	586,499,000	27
Mitigation	6,459,552,000	55
Mitigation and adaptation	761,030,000	16
Unspecified	2,653,991,000	41
Leveraging mechanism and role position
Credit lines	269,897,000	7
Direct investment in companies	572,154,000	7
Guarantees	448,968,000	<5
Project finance	541,351,000	13
Shares in collective investment vehicles	102,765,000	<5
Simple co-financing arrangements	2,334,744,000	46
Syndicated loans	69,320,000	<5
Unspecified	6,121,871,000	44
Origin of private finance mobilised
Multiple origins	5,392,766,000	60
Provider country	11,142,000	6
Recipient country	498,334,000	21
Third high-income/OECD country	151,050,000	12
Unspecified	4,407,779,000	30
Sector
Agriculture	134,041,000	13
Business	45,316,000	6
Energy supply	762,628,000	9
Fisheries and aquaculture	6,198,000	<5
Forestry	94,667,000	<5
Industrial processes	10,572,000	<5
Land/sea-use and land/sea-use change	37,000	<5
Public	1,613,000	<5
Residential	14,972,000	<5
Transport	85,111,000	7
Waste management	14,663,000	5
Water	88,871,000	<5
Unspecified	9,202,377,000	19

KPI 15: Extent to which ICF intervention is likely to lead to transformational change

Transformational change is defined in our methodology as “change that catalyses further changes”, enabling either a shift from one state to another, or faster change than otherwise expected. For KPI 15, programmes rate how likely they are to lead to transformational change using a scale from 1 to 5. Because of this, we do not add up the scores over time. Instead, we show how the scores are spread across all programmes that report.

In 2023, we updated the scoring for KPI 15 to use a 1 to 5 scale (it was previously 0 to 4). We also improved the descriptions for each score to make it easier to tell the difference between them (see Table 9). Because of this change, we show data for 2023, 2024, and 2025, and include earlier scores in the Appendix of the 2023 ICF Results.

Since 2011, 149 programmes have reported on KPI 15, with 72 reporting this year. Of those reporting this year, 69.4% scored a 4 or 5, showing evidence that these programmes are likely to lead to transformational change.

Figure 11: Annual results achieved for KPI 15

Extent to which ICF intervention is likely to lead to transformational change from April 2022 to March 2025. This shows the years on the y axis and the percentage of programmes achieving each score on the x axis, with the number of programmes annotated on the bars.

A bar chart showing the percentages of programmes achieving each score for KPI 15. Slightly more programmes scored a 4 or 5 in 2025 compared to the previous year.

Table 9: Scores and definitions for KPI 15

Score	Description
1	Substantial evidence transformational change is unlikely or will not occur
2	Partial evidence transformational change is unlikely
3	Not enough evidence yet to assess, or the balance of evidence is inconclusive
4	Partial evidence transformational change is likely
5	Substantial evidence transformational change is likely or already occurring

KPI 15 Case study: Malawi Trade and Investment Programme

The Malawi Value Chains (MVC) component of the UK-funded Malawi Trade and Investment Programme, implemented by Adam Smith International, is driving transformational change in Malawi’s export agriculture — earning a top score of 5 (evidence that transformational change is likely or already occurring) against ICF KPI 15.

MVC supports the growth of 3 high-potential sectors — macadamia, mango, and mining — by improving production quality and quantity, strengthening the business environment, and facilitating market linkages. In the macadamia sector, MVC is pioneering a shift from conventional, chemical-intensive farming to climate-resilient orchard management and Integrated Pest Management (IPM). This includes the use of organic manure, cover crops, biological pest control, and digitised scouting data to replace calendar-based spraying with evidence-based interventions.

These innovations are reducing input costs, improving yields, and enhancing environmental sustainability. For example, one farm increased production by 32%, while another improved its Sound Kernel Recovery (SKR) rate (% of usable, high-quality kernel that meets quality standards for export or sale) by 10% and boosted nut-in-shell exports by 54% in one season. Institutional support to the Malawi Macadamia Association is also embedding industry-wide learning and adoption.

Beyond KPI 15, MVC contributes to KPI 17 (sustainable land management) through reduced chemical use and KPI 1 (people supported to adapt to climate change) by strengthening livelihoods. There is strong evidence of sustainability and replicability through knowledge dissemination and adoption of rules and enabling environment reforms. The programme is therefore laying the foundation for long-term competitiveness and resilience in Malawi’s export agriculture — a clear example of UK support delivering lasting, systemic change.

Malawi Value Chains (MVC) is demonstrating climate-related transformational change in the macadamia sector through enhanced productivity and quality. Image of a man presenting macadamia nuts growing on a tree.

KPI 17: Estimated area under sustainable management practices

Ecosystem degradation is a major cause of biodiversity loss and carbon emissions, which both worsen and are made worse by climate change. It also reduces the benefits people get from nature, such as support for their livelihoods, health, and wellbeing. By managing ecosystems in a sustainable way, we can help reduce the impacts of climate change, protect ecosystem services and biodiversity, and make ecosystems more resilient to future climate shocks.

What counts as sustainable management depends on the local context, the type of ecosystem, and how it is used. Examples include managing vegetation, aquaculture, and protecting or restoring habitats. These actions support global goals for sustainable use of natural resources (SDG 12.2), and for the sustainable use and restoration of land and sea ecosystems (SDGs 14.2 and 15.1). This indicator also supports the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework target 10, which aims to ensure ecosystems are used sustainably.

From April 2011 to March 2025, an estimated 12,149,000 hectares have been managed sustainably through ICF programmes, reported by 33 programmes. This was an increase of 3,832,000 hectares (46%) from the previous year (Figure 12). The biggest increases came from ‘Global Biodiversity Framework Fund (GBF Fund)’, the ‘Forest Carbon Partnership Facility - Carbon Fund (FCPF -C)’ and ‘Ocean Risk and Resilience Action Alliance (ORRAA)’. Some programmes also updated their past results after improving their methods and data, which led to an increase of 4,087,000 hectares in historical results.

In February 2023, we updated the methods for this indicator to include more types of practices, allowing non-forest environments such as marine, freshwater, and agricultural areas to be counted.

Figure 12: Estimated cumulative annual results achieved for KPI 17

Area under sustainable management practices as a result of UK ICF, from April 2011 to March 2025.

A line chart showing the results for KPI 17, in hectares, from 2012 to 2025. The line is relatively flat up to 2016 then shows a steady increase to 2024, with a larger jump in the most recent year to 2025.

We have information on the type of ecosystem managed for 31% of results. Where this breakdown is available, the largest areas of ecosystem types being managed are marine shelf (49%), shrublands and shrubby woodlands (30%), shorelines (9%), intensive land-use (5%) and tropical-subtropical forests (5%).

We have data on the sustainable management theme for 32% of results: 98% were management, 2% restoration, and less than 1% protection. The type of sustainable management practices carried out has been reported for 30% of results. Of those, 53% were fisheries management and 35% vegetation management. Smaller categories are included in Table 10.

Table 10: Disaggregated data for KPI 17 (area of land under sustainable management)

Shows how the overall total is split across different categories such as ecosystem and type of sustainable management.

Disaggregation	Total achieved (hectares)	Number of programmes
Ecosystem type
Brackish tidal	69,000	<5
Deserts and semi-deserts	537	<5
Intensive land-use	204,000	5
Marine shelf	1,850,000	<5
Savannas and grasslands	10,000	<5
Shorelines	348,000	<5
Shrublands and shrubby woodlands	1,138,000	<5
Tropical-subtropical forests	191,000	5
Unspecified	8,335,000	16
Sustainable management practice
Animal management	82,000	<5
Aquaculture	14	<5
Coastal management	254,000	<5
Fisheries management	1,945,000	<5
Forest management	49,000	6
Rehabilitation	10	<5
Restoration	15,000	<5
Soil management	501	<5
Vegetation management	1,295,000	7
Water management	65	<5
Watershed/freshwater management	28,000	<5
Unspecified	8,477,000	17
Sustainable management theme
Management	3,850,000	17
Protection	1,000	<5
Restoration	69,000	8
Unspecified	8,227,000	12

KPI 17 Case study: Global Biodiversity Framework Fund

The Global Biodiversity Framework Fund (GBF Fund) launched in 2024 to scale up finance for biodiversity and support delivery of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. It aims to help countries around the globe by strengthening national-level biodiversity management, planning, policy, governance and finance approaches. UK investment in the GBF Fund is expected to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by around 25 million tonnes (CO2eq) and improve sustainable land management practices in almost 14 million hectares of land worldwide. ICF funding allocated to projects to date are estimated to help over 20,000 people adapt to climate change (ICF KPI 1), contribute to over 5 million tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions avoided (ICF KPI 6), mobilise £4.6 million in public finance (ICF KPI 11) and over £500,000 in private finance (ICF KPI 12), and place over 3 million hectares of land under sustainable management (ICF KPI 17).

One of the first projects to receive funding was an initiative designed to support efforts by Brazil’s Indigenous Peoples to manage the land under their care more sustainably. This 5-year project is expected to yield local and global benefits.

Locally, it will help curb deforestation and habitat degradation by improving the management of over 6 million hectares of land and contribute to the conservation of threatened species by expanding safe environments for their recovery. Importantly, putting the land management plans on a sound footing and protecting and expanding healthy forest ecosystems will support communities to cope with the effects of climate change and help to maintain water cycles, which are vital for the availability of fresh water for people, plants, and animals.

Anticipated global benefits include the conservation of key ecosystems, including some of Brazil’s ancient forest lands that are critical to climate change mitigation efforts.

ICF Technical Assistance Key Performance Indicator results

Technical Assistance Key Performance Indicators (TA KPIs) track activities where experts provide non-financial support to help development. Technical assistance can include:

• supporting policy and providing evidence, such as sharing information, helping with project planning or policy development, or supplying climate data

• helping with projects and investments, providing UK expert advice and encouraging collaboration between public and private organisations

• long-term capacity building to support more in-country expertise, for example through training, workshops and conferences

Most current monitoring and reporting methods focus on capital spending, so they do not work well for programmes that only deliver technical assistance. ICF technical assistance is often given alongside other support, such as capital investment from the UK Government or other partners, technical help from other organisations, and contributions from national governments. This makes it difficult to separate out results that are only due to ICF technical assistance. For this reason, TA indicators measure the contribution of ICF technical assistance to overall results^{[footnote 5]}.

The TA indicators were first published in 2023, so there is less data than for the other KPIs. However, some programmes have been able to report results for earlier years, so we have included the full time series in the charts.

TA KPI 1: Number of countries supported by ICF technical assistance

The ICF TA KPI 1 indicator gives an overview of how many countries have received technical assistance (TA) for climate action from UK International Climate Finance (ICF). ICF supports countries that are eligible for official development assistance (ODA), and this list is updated every 3 years.

Results are reported as a running total, so the list of countries includes all those that have received technical assistance since 2011, even if they did not receive support in the latest year. Some countries are no longer eligible for ICF TA support but are still listed because they were eligible in previous years.

From April 2011 to March 2025, 84 programmes have provided technical assistance in 141  countries. The map in figure 13 and accompanying table show the countries that were supported in the most recent year (April 2024 to March 2025). Countries supported in previous years can be found in the 2024 ICF results publication.

Figure 13: Countries supported with technical assistance reported by ICF TA KPI 1 in 2024 to 2025 (darker shading).

A map of the world showing the locations of the countries listed in table 11

Table 11: Countries supported by ICF Technical Assistance from April 2024 to March 2025

Country names

Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Cote d’Ivoire, Cuba, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Jamaica, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Serbia, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Tuvalu, Türkiye, Uganda, Ukraine, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe

TA KPI 1 Case study: Sustainable Cooling and Cold Chain Solutions

The Sustainable Cooling and Cold Chain Solutions Programme began in 2019 and is delivered by the United Nations Environment Programme and an academic consortium led by the University of Birmingham. The programme aims to improve people’s livelihoods by reducing food and vaccine loss, and economically empower smallholder farmers by building capacity in developing markets for affordable, resilient and equitable cooling and cold chain, whilst mitigating the environmental impacts of cooling and cold chain through more energy efficient and climate-friendly technologies.

Lack of optimised refrigeration exacerbates post-harvest food losses, particularly for smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa who on average experience 37% food loss. However, many cooling technologies used to reduce losses are energy intensive and use hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants, which are potent greenhouse gases. Recent studies estimate that optimised refrigeration could reduce food loss by 47% and greenhouse gas emissions by 66%.

Since 2019, partners have leveraged over £21 million of public and private finance (ICF KPIs 11 and 12) to match the UK government’s £21 million investment, as of financial year 2024 to 2025. This has supported research, operations and replication of the Cold Chain Centres of Excellence reference model through the Africa Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Cooling and Cold Chain in Rwanda, and Specialist Outreach and Knowledge Establishment (SPOKE) in Kenya. The Cold Chain Centre of Excellence model is a scalable, systems-based approach to delivering sustainable cooling solutions across regions. Each Centre of Excellence serves as a regional hub for training, testing and demonstration, supported by a network of SPOKEs that deploy clean cold chain technologies in local application, and feed learning back to the centre. The programme has supported 89 different countries with technical assistance.

TA KPI 2.1: Estimated number of individuals supported by ICF technical assistance

This indicator estimates how many people have received technical assistance from UK International Climate Finance (ICF).

Between April 2011 and March 2025, an estimated 3,414,000 individuals were supported through 81 ICF programmes providing technical assistance. The ‘Animal and Plant Health Innovation and Evidence Delivery (APHID)’ programme delivered the largest contribution to these results.

Figure 14: Estimated cumulative annual results achieved for TA KPI 2.1

Number of individuals supported by ICF technical assistance as a result of UK ICF, from April 2011 to March 2025.

A line chart showing the results for TA KPI 2.1, in number of people, from 2017 to 2025. The line is relatively flat up to 2021 then shows a steeper increase to 2025.

This indicator is broken down by the actor that has received support, age, climate theme, disability, geography, sector, sex and type of technical assistance. Of the results where the type of technical assistance was reported (65%), most support was for capacity building (87%) and project or investment support (12%). Sector information was available for 59% of results, with agriculture making up 94% and energy supply 4%. For results where sex was reported (45%), 56% of beneficiaries were male and 44% were female. Where disaggregated data were available for geography (48%), 99% of beneficiaries were in rural locations.

Table 12: Disaggregated data for TA KPI 2.1 (number of people supported with technical assistance)

Shows how the overall total is split across different categories such as age, sex and disability.

Disaggregation	Total achieved (number of people)	Number of programmes
Actor that has received support
Academia	330	5
Finance sector	331	<5
NGO/civil society	23,000	17
Private sector	557,000	16
Public sector	252,000	28
Unspecified	2,580,000	47
Age
Adult (Age 25-64)	4,200	12
Unspecified	3,410,000	75
Climate theme
Adaptation	1,865,000	20
Mitigation	329,000	24
Mitigation and adaptation	27,000	19
Unspecified	1,192,000	38
Disability
Not disabled	502	7
Unspecified	3,414,000	84
Geography
Rural	1,620,000	10
Urban	15,000	12
Unspecified	1,778,000	72
Sector
Agriculture	1,892,000	13
Business	174	5
Energy supply	89,000	10
Fisheries and aquaculture	22	<5
Forestry	3,800	<5
Industrial processes	627	<5
Land/sea-use and land/sea-use change	17,000	<5
Public	5,800	16
Residential	171	<5
Transport	824	<5
Waste management	3,600	<5
Water	512	<5
Unspecified	1,398,000	49
Sex
Female	676,000	49
Male	846,000	48
Unspecified	1,892,000	63
Type of Technical Assistance
Capacity building	1,939,000	47
Policy support and evidence	22,000	13
Project and investment support	260,000	7
Unspecified	1,192,000	37

TA KPI 2 Case study: Climate Ambition Support Alliance (CASA) programme  

The Climate Ambition Support Alliance (CASA) works to increase the capacity and capability of ambitious, low-income and climate vulnerable countries in international climate negotiations. CASA currently supports the Least Developed Countries (LDC) Group, the Alliance of Small Island Developing States (AOSIS), the High Ambition Coalition (HAC) and the Independent Alliance of Latin America and the Caribbean (AILAC) – collectively representing over 100 countries across multiple regions. 

CASA’s partners provide technical, legal, scientific and strategic support to amplify the influence of supported groups and upskill negotiators. These include advisory briefings, technical notes, preparatory and live legal advice, knowledge products, work plans and communications activities to amplify the influence of supported groups and upskill negotiators. Since 2023, CASA has delivered over 1,000 instances of either preparatory or real-time support for negotiations sessions, helping strengthen the effectiveness of vulnerable countries as progressive voices in climate negotiations.

International climate negotiators from Saint Kitts and Nevis engaging during plenary discussions at the Subsidiary Bodies meeting of the UNFCCC in Bonn, Germany (image credit: Kiara Worth/IISD).

TA KPI 2.2: Estimated number of organisations supported by ICF technical assistance

This indicator estimates how many organisations have received technical assistance from UK International Climate Finance (ICF).

From April 2011 to March 2025, an estimated total of 7,535 organisations were supported through 73 different programmes. The ‘Urban Climate Action Programme’ programme contributed the most to this result.

Figure 15: Estimated cumulative annual results achieved for TA KPI 2.2

Number of organisations supported by ICF technical assistance as a result of UK ICF, from April 2011 to March 2025.

A line chart showing the results for TA KPI 2.2, in number of organisations, from 2017 to 2025. The line is relatively flat up to 2021 then shows a steeper increase to 2025.

This indicator is broken down by the actor that has received support, climate theme, sector and type of technical assistance.  Sector information was available for 63% of results. The organisations supported were from a range of sectors, including 24% in the energy supply sector, 14% agriculture, 10% in the public sector and 5% in transport. Other sectors supported included business, waste management, industrial processes, land/sea-use and land/sea-use change, forestry, water and residential. Of the results where the type of technical assistance was reported (76%), most support was for capacity building (80%), followed by policy support and evidence (13%), and project or investment support (8%).

Table 13: Disaggregated data for TA KPI 2.2 (number of organisations supported with technical assistance)

Shows how the overall total is split across different categories such as sector and type of technical assistance provided.

Disaggregation	Total achieved (number of organisations)	Number of programmes
Actor that has received support
Academia	243	13
Finance sector	388	11
NGO/civil society	748	21
Private sector	1,300	29
Public sector	2,800	44
Unspecified	1,900	44
Climate theme
Adaptation	951	17
Mitigation	4,800	28
Mitigation and adaptation	1,500	25
Unspecified	199	44
Sector
Agriculture	682	12
Business	244	10
Energy supply	1,100	16
Fisheries and aquaculture	564	<5
Forestry	886	7
Industrial processes	109	6
Land/sea-use and land/sea-use change	81	5
Public	500	18
Residential	39	<5
Transport	260	10
Waste management	164	<5
Water	103	6
Unspecified	2,700	52
Type of Technical Assistance
Capacity building	4,500	34
Policy support and evidence	716	23
Project and investment support	440	18
Unspecified	1,800	42

TA KPI 3: Estimated number of climate policies informed by ICF technical assistance

This indicator counts the number of public sector climate policies that have been shaped by technical assistance from UK International Climate Finance (ICF) programmes. It includes all types of support, such as training workshops, knowledge sharing, and feasibility studies.

From 2011 to March 2025, an estimated 433 climate policies were informed by ICF technical assistance. The ‘South East Asia Energy Transition Programme’ made the biggest contribution to these results, followed by ‘Partnerships for Market Implementation (PMI)’ and ‘UK Partnering for Accelerating Climate Transitions (UK PACT)’ (see case study below).

Figure 16: Estimated cumulative annual results achieved for TA KPI 3

Number of climate policies informed by ICF technical assistance as a result of UK ICF, from April 2011 to March 2025.

A line chart showing the results for TA KPI 3, in number of policies, from 2017 to 2025. The line increases slowly up to 2021 then shows a steeper increase to 2025.

This indicator is broken down by sector, level (international, national, or sub-national), climate theme, and type of technical assistance. Sector information was available for 55% of results, with the largest shares in: energy supply (36%), waste management (15%) and agriculture (11%).

Of the results where the type of technical assistance was reported (50%), most focused on policy support and evidence (92%), with 7% on project and investment support.

Table 14: Disaggregated data for TA KPI 3 (number of climate policies informed by technical assistance)

Shows how the overall total is split across different categories such as sector and climate theme

Disaggregation	Total achieved (number of climate policies)	Number of programmes
Climate theme
Adaptation	39	7
Mitigation	211	24
Mitigation and adaptation	48	8
Unspecified	135	15
International, national or sub-national
International	2	<5
National	149	23
Sub-National	71	12
Unspecified	211	15
Sector
Agriculture	27	6
Business	5	<5
Energy supply	85	9
Forestry	24	5
Industrial processes	4	<5
Land/sea-use and land/sea-use change	13	5
Public	18	8
Residential	2	<5
Transport	21	<5
Waste management	36	<5
Water	2	<5
Unspecified	196	15
Type of Technical Assistance
Capacity building	3	<5
Policy support and evidence	198	26
Project and investment support	15	<5
Unspecified	217	13

TA KPI 3 Case study: UK Partnering for Accelerated Climate Transitions (UK PACT)

UK PACT builds long term climate partnerships with country governments, sharing expertise and helping them build the capacity and institutions they urgently need in the areas most critical to their climate transition.

Mexico is one of the world’s largest carbon emitters, and by working directly with legislative and executive branches of state governments – such as Ministries of Environment and Treasury – technical assistance has facilitated ambitious climate legislation in regions where federal initiatives have stalled. With UK support, new climate legislation has been developed and enshrined in 9 Mexican federal entities, and legal reform proposals advanced in 5, covering 18 out of Mexico’s 32 federal entities. This includes supporting the passage of Baja California Sur’s first Climate Change Law, a state deeply vulnerable to climate change due to its peninsular geography. This has involved expertise sharing and consensus building to establish a more ambitious framework and commitment to reduce carbon emissions and increase climate change action.

In the most recent reporting year, UK PACT has supported over 20 countries with technical assistance and helped inform at least 15 climate policies across a range of sectors at both national and sub-national levels.

TA KPI 5: Estimated tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions reduced or avoided, supported by International Climate Finance technical assistance

ICF TA KPI 5 measures how UK International Climate Finance (ICF) technical assistance has helped countries, investments, or projects to reduce or avoid greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Because it is difficult to link specific emission reductions directly to technical assistance, this indicator does not try to show the exact amount of emissions reduced by ICF TA. Instead, it shows the total volume of emissions reductions that ICF TA has supported. This is a broader measure than KPI 6, which only counts emissions reductions that can be directly linked to ICF funding. Some programmes may report results under both indicators.

From April 2011 to March 2025, ICF TA from 11 programmes had supported the reduction or avoidance of an estimated 138,925,000 tonnes of CO2 (tCO2e) emissions. The largest increase in results came from the ‘Accelerating Innovation Monitoring For Forests (AIM4Forests)’ programme.

Figure 17: Estimated cumulative annual results achieved for TA KPI 5

Tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions reduced or avoided, supported by International Climate Finance technical assistance as a result of UK ICF, from April 2011 to March 2025.

A line chart showing the results for TA KPI 5, in tonnes of CO2, from 2017 to 2025. The line is relatively flat up to 2020 then increases more steeply to 2024, with a larger increase in the most recent year to 2025.

This indicator is broken down by sector and type of technical assistance. Of the results where sector was reported (67%), most were in forestry (87%), followed by waste management (8%), energy supply (2%), and agriculture (2%). For results where the type of technical assistance was reported (16%), almost all (99%) focused on capacity building.

Table 15: Disaggregated data for TA KPI 5 (tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions reduced or avoided through technical assistance)

Shows how the overall total is split across different categories such as the sectors where support was provided.

Disaggregation	Total achieved (tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions)	Number of programmes
Sector
Agriculture	1,867,000	<5
Business	555	<5
Energy supply	1,911,000	<5
Forestry	80,973,000	<5
Industrial processes	798,000	<5
Public	334	<5
Residential	448,000	<5
Transport	471	<5
Waste management	7,431,000	<5
Unspecified	45,493,000	<5
Type of Technical Assistance
Capacity building	21,867,000	<5
Policy support and evidence	4,500	<5
Project and investment support	195,000	<5
Unspecified	116,857,000	<5

Appendix

Annex 1: Estimated ICF expected total programme benefits

Expected total programme benefits include all the benefits from current and past ICF programmes, both those already delivered and those expected in the future. This includes benefits that continue after a programme has ended. For example, clean energy technology installed by a programme will keep reducing emissions for as long as it works. We adjust these estimates to account for risks, such as the technology breaking down.

We do not report expected total programme benefits for KPI 15 or TA KPI 1. For KPI 15, scores are given at the programme level, so results cannot be added together. For TA KPI 1, some programmes decide which countries to support later in their lifetime. Because we only count each country once, reporting expected total benefits could lead to double counting.

How to use expected total programme benefits

Expected total programme benefits help us estimate the long-term impact of UK International Climate Finance (ICF) by including projected future benefits. When planning a programme, we model these benefits using assumptions about the local context and how well the interventions will work. We update these estimates during the programme as we get better data, so the numbers may go up or down.

Monitoring usually ends when a programme closes, but counting total programme benefits gives a fuller picture of what ICF has achieved overall. There is no fixed end date for these benefits, as each programme is different.

Note, expected total programme benefits are not targets and should not be treated as targets.

Table 16: Expected total programme benefits

KPI number	KPI title	Expected total programme benefits
ICF KPI 1	Number of people supported to better adapt to the effects of climate change as a result of ICF	242,101,000 People
ICF KPI 2.1	Number of people with improved access to clean energy as a result of ICF	165,561,000 People
ICF KPI 2.2	Number of social institutions with improved access to clean energy as a result of ICF	1,955 Institutions
ICF KPI 4	Number of people whose resilience has been improved as a result of ICF	57,993,000 People
ICF KPI 6	Tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions reduced or avoided	1,711,346,000 Tonnes of CO2 (tCO2e)
ICF KPI 7	Installed capacity of clean energy as a result of ICF	11,000 Megawatts (MW)
ICF KPI 8	Ecosystem loss avoided	10,176,000 Hectares
ICF KPI 10	Value of ecosystem services generated or protected as a result of ICF	6,520,000 GBP (£)
ICF KPI 11	Volume of public finance mobilised for climate change purposes as a result of ICF	19,608,608,000 GBP (£)
ICF KPI 12	Volume of private finance mobilised for climate change purposes as a result of ICF	21,714,254,000 GBP (£)
ICF KPI 15	Extent to which ICF intervention is likely to lead to transformational change	Not Applicable
ICF KPI 17	Area under sustainable management practices as a result of ICF	70,705,000 Hectares
ICF TA KPI 1	Number of countries supported by ICF Technical Assistance	Not Applicable
ICF TA KPI 2.1	Number of individuals supported by ICF Technical Assistance	6,446,000 People
ICF TA KPI 2.2	Number of organisations supported by ICF Technical Assistance	10,000 Organisations
ICF TA KPI 3	Number of climate policies informed by ICF Technical Assistance	557 Policies
ICF TA KPI 5	Tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions reduced or avoided through ICF Technical Assistance	404,451,000 Tonnes of CO2 (tCO2e)

Annex 2: List of programmes that have contributed to the ICF results

This includes all programmes that have reported ICF results, even those that have now closed. Some programmes were fully funded by ICF, while others only received a small amount of ICF funding. You can find more details about each programme on DevTracker by searching the programme ID.

Table 17: All programmes that have ever reported ICF results between 2011 and 2025

Programme ID	Programme title
PRPIND001007	Accelerating Smart Power and Renewable Energy in India (ASPIRE)
PRPIND001005	UK-Niti Aayog Electric Mobility Accelerator Programme
PRPIND001004	Voluntary Contribution to support International Energy Agency (IEA) activities in India within Clean Energy Transitions Programme
PRPIND001002	Exploring Policy and Institutional arrangements for advancing City - Decarbonisation
PMNISFDIQB2532001	International Organisation for Migration (IOM)   Climate Migration
GB-GOV-52-CSSF-06-000023	Conflict, Stability and Security Fund (CSSF) Middle East Peace Process
GB-GOV-3-PF-CHP-924	China Prosperity Fund Portfolio Phase 1 Programme Energy and Low Carbon Economy
GB-GOV-3-PF-ASEAN	Support on Floating Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Projects in Laos
DefraPO031	Championing Inclusivity in Plastic Pollution (CHIPP)
DefraPO030	Illegal Wildlife Trade Challenge Fund
DefraPO029	Darwin Plus
DefraPO028	Global Biodiversity Framework Fund (GBF Fund)
DefraPO027	Environmental Pollution Programme
DefraPO026	Nature Positive Economy
DefraPO025	Darwin Initiative
DefraPO023	Global Fund for Coral Reefs (GFCR)
DefraPO022	Ocean Risk and Resilience Action Alliance (ORRAA)
DefraPO021	Ocean Country Partnership Programme (OCPP)
DefraPO020	Global Plastic Action Partnerships (GPAP)
DefraPO018	Cities4Forests
DefraPO017	Biodiverse Landscapes Fund (BLF)
DefraPO016	Global Centre for Biodiversity and Climate (GCBC)
DefraPO015	Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD)
DefraPO014	Global Programme for Sustainability
DefraPO013	Low Carbon Agriculture and Avoided Deforestation in Brazil - Phase 2 (Rural Sustentavel Phase 2)
DefraPO012	Low Carbon Agriculture and Avoided Deforestation   in Brazil - Phase 1 (Rural Sustentavel Phase 1)
DefraPO009	Land Degradation Neutrality Fund
DefraPO008	UK Blue Carbon Fund
DefraPO006	United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Climate promise
DefraPO005	Biofin
DefraPO004	Sustainable Cooling and Cold Chain Solutions (SCCCS)
DefraPO003	The eco.business Fund
DefraPO002	Reducing Deforestation and Forest Fires in the Brazilian Cerrado
DefraPO001	Blue Forests Initiative
025-Ci-Dev	Carbon Initiative for Development (Ci-Dev)
009-GETFiT	Global Energy Transfer Feed-in Tariff (GETFiT)
0046-AIM4Forests	Accelerating Innovation Monitoring For Forests (AIM4Forests)
0045-IDBABFM	Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) Amazon Bioeconomy and Forests Management
0044-ETP	South East Asia Energy Transitio Programme (ETP)
0043-GFDT	Global Facility to Decarbonise Transport (GFDT)
0042-LEAF	Lowering Emissions by Accelerating Forest finance (LEAF) Coalition
0040-MFF	Mobilising Finance for Forests (MFF)
0038-PMI	Partnerships for Market Implementation (PMI)
0037-CEIF	Clean Energy Innovation Facility (CEIF)
0036-CFA	Climate Finance Accelerator (CFA)
0034-CASA	Capacity Building for International Negotiations (CASA)
0033-ESMAP	Energy Sector Management Assistance Programme (ESMAP)
0032-MAGC	Market Accelerator for Green Construction (MAGC)
0029-KEEP	Knowledge, Evidence and Engagement Portfolio(KEEP)
0028-C	2050 Calculator
0027-TCAF	Transformational Carbon Asset Fund (TCAF)
0026-PMR	Partnership for Market Readiness (PMR)
0023-FSP	Fiji Support Programme
0022-CBIT	Capacity Building for Transparency Initiative (CBIT)
0020-SPS	Silvopastoral Systems (SPS)
0019-REM	REDD Early Movers programme (REM)
0017-FCPF-C	Forest Carbon Partnership Facility - Carbon Fund   (FCPF -C)
0016-ISFL	BioCarbon Fund Initiative for Sustainable Forested Landscapes (ISFL)
0015-UKCI	UK Climate Investments (UKCI)
0012-TGIL	The Global Innovation Lab
0011-GCPF	Global Climate Partnership Fund (GCPF)
0008-NDCP	NDC Partnership (NDCP)
0007-MAF	Mitigation Action Facility (MAF)
0006-CETP	Clean Energy Transition Programme (CETP)
0003-CLIC	Climate Leadership In Cities (CLIC)
0002-CEFTA	Clean Energy Fund Technical Assistance Programme (CEF TA)
0001-CCUS	International Carbon Capture, Usage and Storage (CCUS)
400399	Indonesia Renewable Energy Programme (MENTARI)
400159	Enhanced Water Leadership in a Changing Climate
400158	Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Early Action and Resilience Transformation in Humanitarian (EARTH)
400156	Climate, Energy and Water Security in Central Asia CEW-CA
400153	Scaling Agriculture Investment in Digital, AI and Innovation
400095	Risk Informed Early Action Partnership (REAP)
400094	Race to Resilience (RtR)
400093	Delivering Locally-Led Adaptation Action (LIFE-AR)
400047	India-UK Economic Cooperation Programme
400028	Afghanistan Food Security and Livelihoods Programme (FSL)
400024	Ukraine Resilience and Energy Security Programme (URES)
400021	Pacific Clean Energy
400020	India Challenge Enabling Fund (ICE)
301583	Humanitarian Response Pakistan - 2022 Floods
301579	Catalysing Private Finance for Adaptation and Resilience
301568	South Sudan Humanitarian Assistance and Resilience Programme (SSHARP)
301554	Delivering the Agricultural Breakthrough
301532	Climate Resilient and Sustainable Health Systems
301529	WASH (water, sanitation and hygiene) Systems for Health
301527	Supporting Afghanistan’s Basic Services
301526	Powering Sierra Leone’s Hospitals
301523	Just Energy Transition Partnership Support South   Africa
301517	Renewable Energy Performance Platform (REPP)
301516	Sustainable Infrastructure Programme - Latin America (SIP LA)
301502	Territorios Forestales Sostenibles (TEFOS)
301499	Urban Climate Action Programme
301495	UK Partnering for Accelerating Climate Transitions   (UK PACT)
301474	Ethiopia Crises 2 Resilience (EC2R)
301454	Good Governance Fund (Phase 3) Eastern Neighbourhood: Supporting Governance and Economic Reform
301442	Catalytic Climate Action in Iraq
301440	Transforming Access to Climate Finance
301439	Sustainable Blue Economies
301406	Climate, Environment and Nature (CLEAN) helpdesk
301328	Animal and Plant Health Innovation and Evidence Delivery (APHID)
301293	Global Partnership for Education
301268	Global Environment Facility 8th Replenishment
301253	COVID-19 Green Response and Recovery Support
301252	Justice and Stability in the Sahel (JASS)
301242	Pakistan Climate Investment Fund (CIF-PAK)
301240	Enabling Development for Girls Education
301217	Adaptation Adviser Secondment to the Green Climate Fund (Africa)
301183	Livelihoods and Food Security Fund
301160	Small Island Developing States Development and Resilience Programme (SIDAR)
301147	Myanmar Foundations for Peace & Democracy
301142	Pioneering a Holistic approach to Energy and Nature-based Options in the Middle-East and North Africa (MENA) for Long-term stability - PHENOMENAL
301109	Strengthening Societal and Economic Resilience in Jordan (SSERJ)
301106	Investing in Nature and Forests (INAFOR) Indonesia Partnership
301015	Climate Smart Jobs Programme
301013	Resilient Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) and Emergency Preparedness Programme (RWEPP)
301010	Nepal Local Infrastructure Support Programme (LISP)
301000	Climate Action for a Resilient Asia
300991	Bangladesh Climate Change and Environment Programme
300978	Humanitarian Assistance and Resilience Building in Somalia (HARBS)
300961	Effective Governance for Economic Development in Central Asia
300934	Malawi Trade and Investment Programme
300921	Mobilising Institutional Capital Through Listed Product Structures
300889	Global Water Leadership in a Changing Climate
300886	Building Resilience in the Sahel through Adaptive Social Protection: Phase II
300857	Better Lives for Somali Women and Children
300856	Green Climate Fund First Replenishment
300836	Propcom+ Supporting economic development in conflict and climate affected regions in Nigeria
300812	The Growth Gateway programme
300808	Africa Regional Climate and Nature Programme (ARCAN)
300801	Evidence for Health: E4H
300798	Building Resilience and Addressing Vulnerability in Emergencies (BRAVE)
300755	Securing global wheat crops for food and nutritional security - in partnership with the Bill & Melinda Gates   Foundation (BMGF)
300751	Global Risk Financing (GRIF) Programme
300728	Tackling global plant and animal health risks   which threaten global food systems and health - in partnership with the Bill   & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF)
300725	Transforming Access to WASH (water, sanitation and hygiene) and Nutrition Services in Mozambique
300724	Water Resource Accountability in Pakistan (WRAP)
300708	The Evidence Fund
300705	Delivering ambition of the United Nations Secretary General’s Climate Summit 2019 to build resilience to climate change
300702	Accelerating Ethiopia’s Economic Transformation
300686	Support for the Climate Resilience Execution Agency of Dominica
300683	Strengthening Ethiopia’s Adaptive Safety Net (SEASN)
300678	Core Contribution 2020 to 2021 Food and Agriculture Organisation
300675	Low Carbon Development Initiative 2 (LCDI 2) Programme
300671	Support to the CGIAR 2021 to 2024
300667	Supporting Economic Empowerment and Development in the Occupied Palestinian Territories (SEED OPTs)
300655	Supporting Pastoralism and Agriculture in Recurrent and Protracted Crises (SPARC)
300654	Innovative Metrics and Methods in Agriculture and Nutrition (IMMANA) Phase 2
300650	Unlocking Prosperity in the Horn of Africa
300644	Enhancing Digital and Innovations for Agri-food Systems and Livelihoods (eDIAL)
300635	Private Enterprise Programme Zambia Phase II
300632	Strengthening Impact Investment Markets for Agriculture (SIIMA)
300580	Educate the Most Disadvantaged Children in Bangladesh
300566	Green Cities and Infrastructure Programme
300555	Global Land Governance Programme
300554	Bangladesh: Rohingya Response and National Resilience (RRNR)
300539	Pioneer Outcomes Funds (POF)
300531	Africa Humanitarian Response Fund
300524	Strengthening Disaster Recovery and Resilience in the Caribbean
300489	Africa Food Trade and Resilience programme
300467	Better Assistance in Crises (Social Protection)
300452	Global Finance Programme
300435	Delivering Accelerated Family Planning in Pakistan (DAFPAK)
300432	North East Nigeria Transition to Development Programme
300424	Reducing Deforestation Through Improved Spatial Planning in Papua Provinces, Indonesia
300421	UK : India Fastrack Start-up Fund (FSF)
300418	UK-INDIA Partnership on National Investment and   Infrastructure Fund - Green Growth Equity Fund
300414	Essential Healthcare for the Disadvantaged in Bangladesh
300385	Leave No-one Behind Programme in Ghana
300370	Supporting Inclusive Growth in Somalia (SIGS)
300363	Building Resilience in Ethiopia (BRE)
300351	Second phase of DFID’s Support to the Private Infrastructure Development Group (PIDG)
300308	Direct Response through Emergency Cash Transfers
300303	Rural Electrification in Sierra Leone
300298	Humanitarian Response in Mozambique
300274	UK Nigeria Infrastructure Advisory Facility (UKNIAF)
300252	Teacher Effectiveness and Equitable Access for Children (TEACH)
300237	Strengthening Climate Resilient Systems for Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Services in Ethiopia (SCRS - WASH)
300230	Transboundary Water Management in Southern Africa
300187	Strengthening Palm Oil Sustainability in Indonesia
300185	Supporting a Sustainable Future for Papua’s Forests
300168	Zimbabwe - Support to Agriculture, Land Governance   and Resilience Programme (2021 to 2025)
300166	Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Merged Districts (KPMD) Support Programme (previously called the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) Development Programme)
300164	Climate Adaptation Water and Energy Infrastructure Programme
300161	Zambia Social Protection Expansion Programme Phase II
300150	Umoyo Wathu Health System Strengthening Programme
300147	Reducing Insecurity and Violent Extremism in the Northern Territories (Re-INVENT)
300143	Hunger Safety Net Programme (HSNP Phase 3)
300141	Sustainable Energy and Economic Development (SEED) Programme
300137	Regional Economic Development for Investment and Trade (REDIT) Programme
300134	Revenue Mobilisation, Investment and Trade Programme (REMIT)
300128	ASEAN Catalytic Green Finance Facility
300126	CLARE - CLimate And REsilience Framework Programme
300125	Climate Compatible Growth
300124	SMEP - Sustainable Manufacturing and Environmental   Pollution programme
300123	MECS - Modern Energy Cooking Services
300116	Productivity for Prosperity (P4P)
300113	Building Resilience and adapting to climate change in Malawi
300111	Low Energy Inclusive Appliances
300110	Smart Urban Development in Indian States (SmUDI)
300109	Technical Assistance for Smart Cities (TASC)
300102	The Future of Agriculture in Rwanda (FAiR)
300067	Water, Environmental Sanitation and Hygiene Programme
300057	Global Environment Facility 7th replenishment
300003	Strengthening disaster resilience in Nepal
205271	Support to the International Agriculture Research Centres developing and delivering agriculture technologies and knowledge to reduce poverty, hunger and adapt to climate change
205268	Strengthening humanitarian preparedness and response in Bangladesh
205266	Pacific Catastrophe Risk Assessment and Financing Initiative
205258	Green Economic Growth for Papua
205252	To contribute to the Least Developed Countries   Fund for adaptation, hosted by the Global Environment Fund.
205246	Girls and out of school children: Action for learning (GOAL)
205238	Financial Sector Deepening Africa (FSDA) Platform
205231	Centre for Disaster Protection (CDP)
205226	Manufacturing Africa - Foreign Direct Investment
205222	Cities and Infrastructure for Growth (CIG)
205195	Rehabilitation of Freetown’s Water Supply System
205188	Increasing access to electricity in Sierra Leone
205157	UK Caribbean Infrastructure Fund
205145	Nepal Health Sector Programme III
205142	The India-UK Global Partnership Programme on Development
205138	Post-Earthquake Reconstruction in Nepal - Building Back Better
205128	Somalia Humanitarian and Resilience Programme (SHARP) 2018 to 2022
205122	Malawi Humanitarian Preparedness and Response Programme
205118	Commercial Agriculture for Smallholders and Agribusiness Programme
205116	Support for Protection and Assistance of Refugees in Kenya (SPARK)
205115	Adapt Environmental and Climate Resilience in Sudan
205082	Rural Water for Sudan (RW4S)
205061	Increasing renewable energy and energy efficiency in the Eastern Caribbean
205058	UK - Ghana Partnership for Jobs and Economic Transformation (JET)
205045	Zimbabwe Resilience Building Fund Programme (ZRBF)
205027	Delivering climate resilient Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Africa and Asia
204989	Central Asia Enterprise and Innovation Programme (EIP)
204984	Climate Smart Development for Nepal
204956	CONGO - Improving Livelihoods and Land Use in Congo Basin Forests
204941	Sustainable Inclusive Livelihoods through Tea Production in Rwanda
204940	Improving Market Systems for Agriculture in Rwanda (IMSAR)
204916	Strategic Partnership Arrangement II between DFID and BRAC
204903	Somali Health and Nutrition Programme (SHINE)
204888	Building Resilience Through Asset Creation and Enhancement II – South Sudan (ICF Programme)
204869	PMEH - Pollution Management & Environmental   Health
204867	Transforming Energy Access (TEA)
204842	Promoting Conservation Agriculture in Zambia
204837	BRILHO - Energy Africa Mozambique
204804	Accountability in Tanzania Programme - Phase II
204794	Infrastructure for Climate Resilient Growth in India
204784	Green Mini-Grids Africa Regional Facility for Market Preparation, Evidence and Policy Development
204783	Climate Action for Middle East and North Africa (CAMENA)
204773	Applied Research on Energy and Growth
204764	CGIAR 2017 to 2021, Support to develop and deploy the next generation of agriculture technology to support poor farmers by the international agriculture research organisation the CGIAR, 2017 to 2021
204702	Sanitation, Water and Hygiene for the Rural Poor
204694	Zimbabwe Economic Stability and Transformation (ZEST)
204672	Business for Shared Prosperity in Burma
204656	Building Urban Resilience to Climate Change in Tanzania
204640	Zambia Health Systems Strengthening Programme
204637	Africa Clean Energy Programme (ACE)
204624	WISER - Weather and climate Information and SERvices for Africa
204623	Forestry, Land-use and Governance in Indonesia
204607	Sub-National Governance Programme II (SNG II)
204603	Multi-Year Humanitarian Programme in Pakistan
204531	Work and Opportunities for Women (WOW)
204495	Support to Trademark East Africa Rwanda (TMEA) Rwanda Country Programme - Strategy II
204477	Exiting Poverty in Rwanda
204471	UK Support to Access to Finance Rwanda (AFR) Phase   II Operations (2016 to 2020)
204456	Programme of Support to Agriculture in Rwanda
204420	Gates Agriculture & Food Systems for Nutrition
204415	Transform
204369	Corridors for Growth
204365	Improving Energy Access in Tanzania through Green Mini-Grids
204364	Assisting Public Institutions and Markets to Become Resilient to Effects of Climate Change in Tanzania (AIM for Resilience)
204338	Sustainable Urban Economic Development Programme (SUED)
204290	Productive Safety Net Programme Phase 4
204270	Africa Division funding to the African Agriculture Development Company (AgDevCo)
204258	Hunger Safety Net Programme
204250	Infrastructure and Cities for Economic Development (ICED)
204248	Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI)
204202	Sustainable Energy for Women and Girls (SEWG)
204196	Burma Humanitarian Assistance and Resilience Programme
204148	Food and Agriculture Organisation Core Assessed Contribution 2018 to 2019
204135	Bihar Agriculture Growth and Reform Initiative (BAGRI)
204059	Supporting Structural Reform in the Indian Power Sector
204056	Global Environment Facility 6th Replenishment
204045	Urban Water for Sudan (UW4S)
204033	Support to Rural Water Supply, Sanitation & Hygiene in Tanzania
204020	Climatescope - Clean Energy Investment Index
204019	Humanitarian Assistance and Resilience in South Sudan (HARISS) 2015 to 2021
204012	Transforming the Economy through Climate Smart Agribusiness (NU-TEC)
203998	Green Mini-Grids Kenya
203911	India: Infrastructure Equity Fund - Investment in small infrastructure projects in India’s poorest states
203904	Multi-Year Humanitarian Support to Afghanistan
203871	Energy Security and Resource Efficiency in Somaliland
203864	Better Health in Bangladesh
203852	Pathways to Prosperity for Extremely Poor People in Bangladesh (PPEPP)
203844	Research on Growth and High Volume Transport in Low Income Countries
203842	Managing Climate Risks for Urban Poor
203809	Disaster Risk Insurance
203804	GSMA Mobile for Development
203768	Strengthening Emergency Preparedness and Response in Kenya (2014 to 2018)
203766	Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (One WASH) Programme
203764	Nepal Local Governance Support Programme
203674	Solar Nigeria Programme
203641	Social Protection Support to the Poorest in Rwanda
203640	Ghana Partnership Beyond Aid
203603	Enhancing resilience in Karamoja Uganda
203599	Building adaptation to climate change in health through resilient water, sanitation & hygiene
203595	Achieving Water Security in the Southern Agricultural Growth Corridor
203582	Provision of finance to the Rwanda Fund for Climate Change and Environment
203574	Strengthening Adaptation and Resilience to Climate Change in Kenya Plus (StARCK+)
203551	Tackling Maternal and Child Undernutrition Programme- Phase II
203491	Support to Bangladesh’s National Urban Poverty Reduction Programme (NUPRP)
203488	Transparency and Right to Information
203473	Productive Social Safety Net Programme
203469	African Risk Capacity (ARC)
203445	Increasing sustainable access to water sanitation and hygiene in the Democratic Republic of Congo
203444	British International Investment (BII) Programme of Support in Africa, South Asia, Indo-Pacific & Carib (2015 to 2027)
203427	Accelerating Investment and Infrastructure in Nepal
203294	Community Disaster Risk Reduction Fund
203290	Improving climate change resilience in Caribbean communities
203282	Promoting Low Carbon Development with Returnable Capital in Indonesia
203279	CCMCC Promoting co-operation and avoiding conflict in managing the impacts of climate change
203272	Strengthening Health Facilities in the Caribbean
203264	Building Disaster Resilience in Pakistan
203186	Rural Access Programme 3
203185	Asia Regional Resilience to a changing climate (ARRCC)
203180	Climate Proofing Growth and Development in South Asia
203161	Private Sector Development programme in the DRC.
203153	East Africa Geothermal Energy (EA-Geo)
203123	Low Carbon Support to the Ministry of Finance
203052	AgResults
203029	‘Pakistan National Cash Transfers Programme’
202995	Support for Refugees in Kenya (2012 to 2016)
202976	Providing Clean Energy to the Rural Poor of Bangladesh
202957	Results Based Financing for Low Carbon Energy Access
202956	Global Network of Climate Technology Innovation Centres
202954	Support for Energy Sector Analysis that influences global energy decision makers
202921	Building Resilience and Adaptation to Climate Extremes and Disasters
202884	The Water Security Programme
202869	India: Infrastructure Loan Fund – Small loans to bridge the infrastructure gap for the poor
202867	Financing Liveable Habitat for Poor in Low Income States
202844	Southern Agriculture Growth Corridor Programme in Tanzania
202835	Private Enterprise Development in low-income countries (PEDL)
202817	Adaptation for Smallholder Agricultural Programme   (ASAP)
202775	South Asia Water Governance Programme (SAWGP)
202762	Supporting Indian Trade and Investment for Africa
202745	Investments in Forests and Sustainable Land Use   (IFSLU)
202698	Kenya Market Assistance Programme (MAP)
202697	Punjab Education Support Programme II
202691	Support to improved water and sanitation in rural areas – Zimbabwe
202657	Kenya Essential Education Programme
202619	Arid Lands Support Programme
202604	Global Innovation Fund (GIF)
202597	Climate High-Level Investment Programme
202595	Support for priority actions to operationalise the Implementation Plan for Development Resilient to Climate Change in the Caribbean
202571	Support to the Global Agriculture and Food Security Programme (GAFSP)
202555	Private Sector Energy Efficiency
202549	Reducing Maternal and Newborn Deaths in Kenya
202541	Climate Smart Agriculture in Africa
202539	Regional Transboundary Water Resources Programme: Phase 3
202536	Scaling up of the Energy and Environment Partnership with Southern and East Africa
202534	Tanzania Climate Change Institutional Strengthening Programme
202520	Water for Three States (Red Sea, Gadarif and Kassala)
202495	Enterprise and Assets Growth Programme
202433	UK Support to Increase Resilience to Natural Disasters in Nepal
202376	Promoting Low Carbon Development in Indonesia
202345	Sanitation and Hygiene Programme in Zambia
202328	Khyber Pukhtunkhwa Education Sector Programme
202214	Malawi Health Sector Support Programme
202108	AGMIP: Agricultural Model Inter-Comparison and Improvement Project
202098	Rural and Agriculture Markets Development   programme for Northern Nigeria (PrOpCom Mai-karfi)
201989	Vietnam: DFID-World Bank Climate ChangePartnership
201986	Caribbean Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Improvement Projects
201980	Private Enterprise Programme in Zambia
201942	Indonesia Low Carbon Growth Project
201931	Green Africa Power (GAP): Renewable Energy for   Africa
201913	Strengthening Adaptation and Resilience to Climate   Change in Kenya (StARCK)
201866	Strategic Climate Institutions Programme
201857	Market Development in Northern Ghana
201733	Climate Public Private Partnership Programme (CP3)
201724	Forest Governance, Markets and Climate
201575	Renewable Energy and Adaptation Climate Technologies (Africa Enterprise Challenge Fund)
201295	Strategic Influencing Fund
201286	Strategic Partnership between BRAC, DFID and   AusAID to support BRAC in delivering progress towards the MDGs in Banglades and to support its Institutional Development
201239	Livelihoods and Food Security Trust Fund for Burma(NUTSEM)
201196	Enhancing Community Resilience Programme
201129	Nepal Climate Change Support Programme
200773	Multi-Stakeholder Forestry Programme - Nepal
200658	Care Adaptation Learning Programme
200498	Accountability in Tanzania Programme (ACT)
200496	Co-operation in International Waters in Africa
200368	Support to the multilateral Climate Investment   Funds (CIFs)
200136	Climate Development for Africa
114293	Poorest States Inclusive Growth Programme
114058	Climate Change Programme - Jolobayoo-O-Jibon
113889	Congo Basin Forest Fund (CBFF) Start Up Programme
112082	ESPA - Eco System Services for Poverty Alleviation
102580	Nile Basin Initiative

1. The non-continuous numbering of the ICF KPIs is because some earlier indicators are no longer used, as they were not well suited for monitoring the ICF portfolio. ↩

2. Additionality - how much of the results were achieved because of the ICF projects, compared to what would have happened without them, under ‘business as usual’ ↩

3. Direct beneficiaries are defined as those that are both targeted and receive high intensity support. Further details of this definition are included in the KPI 1 methodology. ↩

4. For this KPI, social institutions are defined as: schools, universities, hospitals, health centres, government institutions, state owned infrastructure and civil society organisations. ↩

5. Attributed means that our work directly and solely caused the results (this is calculated as a UK share of results where there are multiple donors); contributed means our work was part of a number of factors which led to a result. For further information on attribution, contribution and additionality, see our supplementary guidance on additionality and attribution ↩ ↩²

6. DAC refers to the Development Assistance Committee, an international forum of some of the largest providers of aid, with the aim of promoting development co-operation ↩

7. ODA funding is reserved for low- and middle-income countries. Only countries and territories included in the DAC list of ODA recipients are eligible to receive this assistance. ↩