Research and analysis

Outbreaks under monitoring: week 23 (week ending 7 June 2026)

Updated 11 June 2026

The following signal relates to an ongoing outbreak, with data current to 9 June 2026

Disease or pathogen	Bundibugyo virus disease (BVD)
Location	Multi-country
Status	Update
Reporting date	15 May to 9 June 2026
Summary	On 15 May 2026, an outbreak of Ebola disease caused by Bundibugyo virus was declared in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and Uganda. On 17 May 2026, the World Health Organization (WHO) Director-General determined that the outbreak constitutes a public health emergency of international concern. As of 8 June 2026 (in French), 598 confirmed cases and 115 confirmed deaths have been reported in the DRC. This is an increase of 235 confirmed cases and 53 deaths since the last outbreaks under monitoring report. Confirmed cases have been reported in Ituri (563 cases), North Kivu (32 cases), and South Kivu (3 cases) provinces. In Uganda, as of 8 June 2026, 19 confirmed cases (including 2 deaths) have been reported. This is an increase of 4 confirmed cases and one death since the last outbreaks under monitoring report. According to the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, 5 of the 19 cases are in health care workers. This is the 17th recorded Ebola disease outbreak in the DRC since the virus was first identified in 1976. The last reported outbreak, in Kasai Province, ended in December 2025. Bundibugyo virus was first identified in 2007 in Bundibugyo district, western Uganda. A second outbreak caused by Bundibugyo virus was reported in DRC in 2012. WHO assesses the risk of this event as low at the global and regional levels, high for Uganda and countries with land borders adjoining countries with documented Bundibugyo virus detection, and very high in the DRC. As of 9 June 2026, no imported cases associated with this outbreak have been reported in the UK. Previous experience from the 2014 to 2016 West Africa outbreak suggests a limited importation risk, with only one travel-related case reaching the UK outside of medical evacuations. The risk of the current outbreak to the UK population is assessed as low.
Further information	Ebola: overview, history, origins and transmission Ebola virus disease: clinical management and guidance Ebola and Marburg haemorrhagic fevers: outbreaks and case locations UKHSA blog:  What is Ebola and how does it spread? NaTHNaC country information page: Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda

Epidemiological week 23, 1 to 7 June 2026

Disease or pathogen	Avian influenza A(H5N1)
Location	India and Bangladesh
Status	New
Reporting date	6 June 2026
Summary	On 27 March 2026, India informed WHO of a laboratory-confirmed human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) in a child in West Bengal. The child initially presented with fever and cough, was hospitalised on 19 March 2026, and discharged on 23 March 2026. Diagnostic testing at the National Institute of Virology in Pune confirmed infection with avian influenza A(H5N1), while genetic sequencing classified the virus as clade 2.3.2.1a. This strain is closely related to viruses previously identified in Bangladesh and India in 2025. No further infections were detected among close contacts, and epidemiological investigations indicated that the case had possible indirect exposure to poultry. On 23 April 2026, Bangladesh reported to WHO a laboratory-confirmed human case of avian influenza A(H5) in a child from the Sylhet Division. The child developed symptoms on 27 March 2026 and was admitted to hospital the following day with a clinical diagnosis of measles complicated by bronchopneumonia, before being discharged on 30 March 2026. As part of routine hospital-based influenza surveillance, a sample was collected on 29 March 2026 and later received by the Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research on 20 April 2026. Testing conducted the same day using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction-confirmed influenza A(H5N1) infection. No additional cases were identified among contacts, and epidemiological investigations indicated that the case had exposure to poultry within the household. These cases represent the first confirmed human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) reported in India and the second in Bangladesh in 2026. According to WHO, the overall public health risk from currently known influenza A viruses detected at the human-animal interface remains low. These viruses are not currently considered to be capable of sustained human-to-human transmission, and human infections with viruses of animal origin are infrequent but are not unexpected. Bird-to-human transmission of avian influenza is rare and has previously occurred a small number of times in the UK. The latest reported case occurred in 2025. The current risk to the UK human population from avian influenza remains very low.
Further information	Avian influenza: managing human exposures to incidents in birds or animals Avian influenza: guidance, data and analysisNaTHNaC country information page:  India and Bangladesh.

Disease or pathogen	Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF)
Location	Pakistan, Turkey and Uganda
Status	Update
Reporting date	2 to 3 June 2026
Summary	On 2 June 2026, media reported 3 confirmed cases of CCHF in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, in 2026. One case was recorded in Karak in March, while 2 cases (one each in Mardan and Kohat) were reported in May. During 2025, 82 CCHF cases and 20 deaths (in Urdu) were reported in Pakistan. On 2 June 2026, media reported a fatal human case of CCHF in Kitsutsu Village, Nyakiyumbu Sub-county, Kasese District, Uganda, in a 48-year-old individual. The case is reported to have received a safe and dignified burial. Uganda reports sporadic cases of CCHF annually. During 2025, 17 CCHF cases, including 2 deaths, were reported across 10 districts. On 3 June 2026, media reported (in Turkish) a confirmed fatal case of CCHF in Sivas, Turkey. The case became unwell during a stay in Sivas and was subsequently admitted to hospital on 31 May 2026. The case had been bitten by a tick. CCHF was first reported in Turkey in 2003, since then the highest number of annual cases was reported in 2009 (1,318 cases). CCHF is not present in the UK, nor are there any identified established populations of Hyalomma ticks, the principal vectors of CCHF virus. Confirmed CCHF cases have been imported into the UK, including one fatal case in 2012 and one in 2014.
Further information	Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever: origins, reservoirs, transmission and guidelines HAIRS risk assessment: Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever NaTHNaC country information page: Pakistan, Turkey and Uganda

Disease or pathogen	Severe fever with thrombocytopaenia syndrome (SFTS)
Location	Japan
Status	Update
Reporting date	9 June 2026
Summary	As of 31 May 2026, Japan’s Institute for Health Security has reported 65 confirmed cases of SFTS across 24 prefectures in 2026. The highest number of cases have been reported from Ehime (5 cases) and Nagasaki (5 cases) prefectures. During 2025, 191 cases were reported across Japan. The SFTS virus is not found in the UK, and no travel-associated cases have been reported in the UK to date.
Further information	Severe fever with thrombocytopaenia syndrome (SFTS): epidemiology, outbreaks and guidance. NaTHNaC country information page: Japan