Avian influenza: guidance, data and analysis
The symptoms, diagnosis, management and epidemiology of avian influenza (bird flu).
Avian influenza is an infectious disease of birds caused by the influenza A virus. Birds are the hosts for most avian influenza viruses and a variety of influenza subtypes can be found in birds, particularly in water fowl and shore birds. Domestic poultry are especially vulnerable and the virus can rapidly cause epidemics in flocks.
Human infections with avian influenza are rare. However, some subtypes have been associated with human disease.
The symptoms of avian influenza in humans vary considerably depending on the subtype of the virus involved. Most infections take the form of a flu-like illness (fever, cough, body or muscle pain, sore throat, runny nose). Other symptoms can include conjunctivitis (red, sore and discharging eyes).
The Defra website has information and guidance on:
- the latest avian influenza situation
- how to spot avian influenza , including what to do if you suspect it
- measures to prevent it
Further information on avian influenza in humans is available on the WHO website.
The World Organization for Animal Health provides regular updates on avian influenza in animals.
For advice on working with avian influenza virus in laboratory or birds, see the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) website.