Official Statistics

Personal Independence Payment: April 2013 to October 2020

Published 15 December 2020

Applies to England, Scotland and Wales

The latest release of these statistics can be found in the collection of Personal Independence Payment statistics.

This summary contains official statistics on Personal Independence Payments (PIP).

PIP helps with some of the extra costs caused by long-term disability, ill-health or terminal ill-health.

The summary covers both new claims and claims made by those with an existing claim for Disability Living Allowance (DLA) (known as DLA reassessments). From 8 April 2013 the Department of Work and Pensions (DWP) started to replace DLA for working age people with PIP.

The statistics cover the PIP customer journey from registration through to payment, mandatory reconsideration (MR) and appeal.

This release includes:

• PIP registrations
• PIP clearances
• PIP awards and award rates
• claimants entitled to PIP at a point in time (caseload)
• PIP Award Reviews and Changes of Circumstance (experimental)
• average clearance & outstanding times
• award types and review periods (experimental)
• MR registrations
• MR clearances
• MR clearance times
• customer journey statistics tracking initial decisions following a PIP assessment through to MR and appeal (experimental)
• annual DLA reassessment comparison of outcomes including, for the first time, outcomes for child DLA claimants who reach 16 years of age and are invited to claim PIP

The majority of all claims fall under normal rules. A small proportion of claims fall under special rules for terminal illness (SRTI).

1. Main Stories

Figures for August to October 2020 continue to reflect the disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, which have impacted the activity of claimants and led to changes in operational procedures to process claims in order to reduce the risk to claimants and ensure those eligible receive their benefit.

Activity initiated by customers has gradually recovered in some parts of the process with registrations for new claims and changes of circumstances increasing, though registrations for MRs remain low. In October 2020 there were:

• 57,000 registrations for new claims (12% higher than the level a year earlier)
• 8,200 changes of circumstances (11% higher than the level a year earlier)
• 17,000 MR registrations (around half (52%) of the level a year earlier)

Operational measures implemented in late March in response to COVID-19 included the suspension of face-to-face health assessments (temporarily replaced by either telephone assessments or paper based reviews); the delay to routine re-assessments and reviews; and extending awards due to end until they can be reviewed.

Although planned Award Reviews and some DLA reassessment activity restarted during July, the COVID-19 measures have continued to lead to distortions to trends in clearances, clearance times and awards.

Latest published statistics for PIP show that from April 2013 until October 2020:

• 5.5 million claims to PIP have been registered
• 5.3 million have been cleared, with just over four out of ten (42%) normal rules new claims, just over seven out of ten (71%) normal rules DLA reassessment claims, and nearly all (99%) SRTI claims receiving an award (excluding withdrawn claims)
• 1.3 million claims have had an Award Review registered
• 350,000 claims have reported a change in circumstances
• 1.7 million Mandatory Reconsiderations (MRs) have been registered
• 1.7 million MRs have been cleared, with the proportion of MR decisions resulting in a change in award (excluding withdrawn MRs) at 42% in October 2020
• two out of five (40%) of completed MRs against initial decisions following a PIP assessment (to June 2020) go on to lodge an appeal, just over one out of ten (12%) of appeals lodged were “lapsed” (where DWP changed the decision in the customer’s favour before the appeal was heard at tribunal), and one in twenty (5%) of initial decisions have been overturned (revised in favour of the customer) at a tribunal hearing

As at October 2020 there were 2.6 million claimants entitled to PIP (caseload), with nearly one in three normal rules cases (32%) receiving the highest level of award.

By the end of October 2020, 1.8 million people in Great Britain had DLA reassessment claims to PIP cleared, of whom 87% were aged 16 to 64 when PIP was introduced on 8 April 2013 and 13% were “Rising 16s” – child DLA claimants who reached the age of 16 years after that date.

• For working age claimants, 75% of those who registered received an award, and 450,000 (29%) of the cases registered were awarded PIP at the highest rate (enhanced daily living and enhanced mobility components). This compares with 250,000 (16%) under DLA.
• For rising 16s, 62% of those who registered received an award, and 77,000 (35%) of the cases registered were awarded PIP at the highest rate (enhanced daily living and enhanced mobility components). This compares with 23,000 (10%) under DLA.

2. What you need to know

COVID-19 changes to 31 October 2020

In response to COVID-19, DWP made a number of changes to its benefit processes to ensure people who need financial help have access to the benefit system:

• DWP took the decision to suspend, temporarily, face-to-face health assessments. This was aimed at reducing the risk of exposure to coronavirus and safeguarding the health of individuals claiming health and disability-related benefits, many of whom are likely to be at greater risk due to their pre-existing health conditions. This means that that those claiming PIP were not required to attend face-to-face assessments. However, new claims and changes of circumstances were still accepted and payments continued to be made
• DWP also suspended all routine re-assessments and reviews of disability benefits – that is, DLA to PIP reassessments and routine award reviews for those already claiming PIP. All PIP award reviews and DLA to PIP reassessments which had not yet had an assessment booked were delayed and existing awards due to expire were automatically extended to ensure continuity of financial support. Planned award reviews and some DLA reassessment activity resumed during July 2020
• COVID-19 provisions were put in place in late March 2020 and the Department continues to review and amend working practices where appropriate moving forwards

During the current COVID-19 pandemic, some of the steps that a PIP claimant follow have been changed. A typical customer journey is as follows, with COVID-19 changes highlighted:

1. Claimant registers to receive PIP

2. DWP issues PIP “Part 2” form (PIP2, referred to in the application process as the “How your disability affects you” form) for claimant to complete

3. Claimant completes and returns “Part 2” form – which automatically triggers a referral to the Assessment Provider (AP)

4. Under COVID-19 provisions, claimant may have their claim assessed based on telephony assessments, alongside paper based reviews (Under normal circumstances, claimant may be called for face-to-face assessment conducted by AP)

5. DWP makes a decision based on the AP recommendation – the outcome may be an award (including monetary amount of the award for both Daily Living and Mobility components, the award type and, if appropriate, the period of time that should be allowed before a review of the award takes place) or a disallowance due to failing the assessment (although a claim can also be disallowed prior to the AP referral based on the information in the “Part 2” form or if the claimant fails to return the “Part 2” form unless identified as having additional support needs, or fails to attend the assessment)

6. Payment commences

7. When the claim is in payment, a claimant must report any changes of circumstances relating to the claim

8. Under COVID-19 provisions from late March 2020, award reviews were suspended and claims reaching the end of their review period had their claim extended automatically, to ensure awards stay in payment. (Normal award review activity resumed during July 2020 such that claims may undergo an award review when they reach the end of their review period (unless they received an ongoing award, where they’ll receive a light touch review after 10 years))

9. If the claimant disagrees with a decision on their claim, they can raise a Mandatory Reconsideration (MR)

10. If the claimant still disagrees after the MR has been completed, they can raise an appeal

11. Appeals may be cleared at a tribunal hearing, with face to face hearings being replaced by telephone hearings and the use of other remote hearing technology under COVID-19 provisions, (where the initial decision is upheld or overturned), or cleared without a hearing (including being withdrawn by the customer, struck out or lapsed - where DWP change the decision in the customer’s favour before it is heard at a tribunal hearing)

The period between initial registration (1) and DWP decision (5) is known as the “End to end” section of the customer journey.

The period between the return of the “Part 2” form (3) and DWP decision (5) is the Assessment Provider referral to end section of the customer journey.

Figures in this bulletin are rounded in accordance with the DWP rounding policy. Unrounded figures from the underlying data available on Stat Xplore or in accompanying tables may not sum exactly to the rounded totals accordingly.

Further detail is given at the end of this release in the About these statistics section.

A methodological note is also available with additional detail on definitions, methodology and data quality issues.

3. PIP Claim Activity: Registrations, Reviews and Clearances

This section covers the volumes of main activities triggered by key points of the PIP customer journey, typically through:

• an initial registration for a claim
• the clearance of the claim when a decision is made as to whether or not PIP should be awarded
• an Award Review, which is an opportunity to look at entitlement at set intervals to ensure a claimant continues to receive the correct award - the review point is selected based on the claimant’s individual circumstances
• the claimant reporting a Change in Circumstances - claimants must report any changes to their condition or needs arising, and the award is reviewed to ensure that they continue to receive the correct entitlement, so a change in circumstance may or may not lead to a change in award

This section considers activity for new claims, DLA reassessments, award reviews and changes of circumstance together as volumes across different series can affect one another.

Other activities can be triggered if the claimant disputes decisions being made, such as Mandatory Reconsiderations (MRs) or appeals to the Ministry of Justice, but these are covered in later sections.

5.5 million claims have been registered for PIP between April 2013 when PIP began and October 2020. Of these:

• 3.6 million (65%) are new claims whilst 1.9 million (35%) are DLA reassessed claims
• 170,000 (3%) were registered under SRTI though the majority (97%) were under normal rules

5.3 million of the registered claims have been cleared. Of these:

• 2.8 million were awarded PIP
• 2.4 million had their claim disallowed
• 98,000 withdrew their claim

As at 31 October 2020, 230,000 PIP registrations for new or DLA reassessment claims were in progress.

1.3 million claims have had an Award Review registered and 350,000 claims have reported a Change in Circumstances between April 2013 and October 2020.

Note: you can view an interactive dashboard of the latest PIP statistics by region.

Registration activity fluctuates month on month. Initial new claim and change of circumstance registrations tend to follow a stable pattern of gradual increase over time and seasonal dips each December. Levels of DLA reassessment and award review activity can be adjusted by the Department when this is required to actively manage operational resource and achieve a balance in workflows between the two activities. Since PIP began, figures show:

• increasing levels of DLA reassessment registrations between July 2015 and March 2017 due to wider roll out of DLA reassessment claims, known as Full PIP roll out (FPR)
• lower levels of DLA reassessment registrations between April 2017 and January 2019 as award review registrations increased
• a spike in award review registrations in October 2017, caused by action taken to register 6,500 cases on 24th October 2017 where the PIP Computer System (PIPCS) had not registered these award reviews on the correct date
• a pause in award review registrations between January 2019 and June 2019 in order to manage the number of outstanding cases awaiting a decision and reduce delays for claimants
• a corresponding peak in DLA reassessment registrations between March 2019 and August 2019
• a drop in DLA reassessment levels from August 2019 onwards
• from late March 2020 onwards, COVID-19 emergency provisions were put in place and there were major changes in DWP policy and customer behaviour, with a reduction in activity initiated by customers (registrations for new claims and reported changes in circumstance) and temporary halt to DLA reassessment and award review activity except where a DLA customer reported a change in circumstance
• planned Award Reviews restarted during July 2020, and customer-initiated activity has gradually resumed
• some DLA reassessment activity also restarted during July 2020, for cases where a DLA claimant reports a change of circumstances, reaches the age of 16 (18 in Scotland from 1 September 2020) or voluntarily claims PIP, although new invitations to claim PIP for working age claimants are not currently being sent out

Latest monthly figures for October 2020 show:

• 57,000 registrations for new claims (12% higher than October 2019)
• 8,200 reported changes of circumstances (11% higher than October 2019)
• 11,000 registrations for DLA reassessments (32% lower than October 2019)
• 32,000 planned Award Review registrations (20% lower than October 2019)

Clearance activity patterns are driven by patterns in registration activity, lagged by the time it takes to process claims and reviews. However, since processing time is also affected by available capacity there is more variation especially in periods with processing backlogs. Since PIP began, figures show:

• a peak of new claim clearances between November 2014 and January 2015 as claims were cleared following capacity issues earlier in 2014
• increasing levels of DLA reassessment clearances between August 2015 and May 2017 due to wider roll out of DLA reassessment claims (FPR)
• lower levels of DLA reassessment clearances between July 2017 and April 2019 as award review clearances increased
• a spike in award review clearances between January and March 2019 as management of workflows during the first few months of the pause in award review registrations concentrated on outstanding award review cases to reduce delays for claimants, and a subsequent reduction in award review clearances between March 2019 and September 2019
• a corresponding increase in DLA reassessment clearances from May 2019 until November 2019
• a drop in both new claim and DLA reassessment clearances in December 2019 and January 2019 corresponding to active management of workflows between Claims, DLA Reassessments and Reviews, and a temporary suspension of automatic disallowances for failure to return “Part 2” forms from early December to mid-January
• from late March 2020 onwards, disruption due to COVID-19 affected volumes of clearances for all activities - Assessment Providers switched to paper based and telephony assessments rather than face to face assessments, and in the first few weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic efforts were made to clear residual claims in the system from before emergency measures were put in place, giving rise to an initial spike in clearance volumes

Although the effects of the disruption due to COVID-19 have reduced in many areas, they continue in some parts of the process. Latest figures show:

• clearances for new claims were 120,000 across August-October 2020, 18% lower than the same quarter the previous year
• 22,000 changes of circumstance were cleared across August-October 2020, 25% higher than the same quarter a year previously
• despite DLA reassessment activity resuming for some cases from July 2020, clearances have remained low with 23,000 cleared across August-October 2020
• although August 2020 saw continued disruption to award review clearances due to the temporary halt in award reviews (except for those already in progress) from April to July 2020 and changed practices for Assessment Providers in managing assessments and workflows, levels increased throughout the quarter, with 36,000 award reviews cleared in October 2020, matching the level seen in February 2020

Note: more information on registrations and clearances is available from Stat-Xplore. Information on Award Reviews and Changes of Circumstance can be found in tables 6A to 6C in the tables that accompany this release. Award Review and Change of Circumstance clearances for the period April 2013 - 25th June 2016 can be found in tables 2A-2G, PIP: Planned Award Review and Change of Circumstance Registrations and Clearances, October 2018 which accompanied the December 2018 release.

4. Clearance outcomes – Awards

As an initial registration progresses through the PIP process, DWP makes a decision based on the AP recommendation and any other relevant evidence – the outcome may be an award or a disallowance due to failing the assessment. However, a claim can also be disallowed prior to the AP referral based on the information in the “Part 2” form or if the claimant fails to return the “Part 2” form unless identified as having additional support needs, or fails to attend the assessment. A claimant may choose to withdraw their claim at any stage. A clearance is defined as the resolution of the initial registration, and therefore includes all possible outcomes – awards, disallowances and withdrawals.

The award rate is defined as the number of cases awarded divided by the total number of cases cleared (minus those that are withdrawn). It includes all types of clearances, including disallowances, both pre-referral and post-referral to an AP.

Award rates for all normal rules awards made between April 2013 and October 2020 are:

• just over four out of ten clearances receive an award (42%) for new claims
• just over seven out of ten clearances receive an award (71%) for DLA reassessment claims

Nearly all (99%) SRTI claimants are awarded PIP.

The assessment award rate gives the proportion of assessments where a decision is made to award PIP. It is defined as number of cases awarded divided by the total number of cases where an assessment has taken place. It includes awards and disallowances post-referral to an AP due to failing assessment, but excludes withdrawn claims, disallowances pre-referral to an AP, and disallowances post-referral to AP where the claimant failed to attend the assessment.

At the end of October 2020:

• 2.5 million (74%) of the new claims had an assessment
• 1.7 million (91%) of the DLA reassessment claims had an assessment
• all remaining claims were disallowed (either pre-assessment or through failing to attend the assessment), or withdrawn

Assessment award rates for all decisions made between April 2013 and October 2020 (normal rules, excluding cases where an assessment has not been completed) show that:

• nearly three out of five (56%) assessments result in an award for new claims
• nearly four out of five (78%) assessments result in an award for DLA reassessment claims

Award rates and Assessment award rates saw a gradual decrease in the first few years after the introduction of PIP. Rates were relatively stable with some fluctuation across months from the beginning of 2016 until March 2020.

From April 2020, COVID-19 impacted award rates and assessment award rates as assessment methods changed to paper based and telephone assessments. Trends have been distorted during the transitional period to emergency measures.

This disruption continues to affect award rates in the quarter ending October 2020 for DLA reassessment claims, though new claims are now similar to the pre-COVID period. Latest figures for normal rules claims show:

• 39% of all new claim clearances (excluding withdrawn) and 51% of those who were assessed received an award in October 2020, compared to 31% and 47% respectively a year previously
• 58% of all DLA reassessment clearances (excluding withdrawn) and 70% of those who were assessed received an award in October 2020, compared to 69% and 75% respectively a year previously

Assessment award rates vary by disabling condition. A PIP claimant’s main disabling condition is recorded during their assessment. Customers who withdraw their claim, are disallowed prior to their assessment or who fail to attend their assessment will not have a main disabling condition recorded.

Of those claims that have had an assessment under normal rules, 82% of new claims and 88% of DLA reassessment claims are recorded as having one of the following most common disabling conditions:

• psychiatric disorders (which includes mixed anxiety and depressive disorders)
• musculoskeletal disease (general)
• musculoskeletal disease (regional)
• neurological disease
• respiratory disease

Assessment award rates (new claims, normal rules) by main disabling condition to October 2020

PIP New Claim Assessment Award Rates (normal rules)	Percentage
Psychiatric disorders	53%
Musculoskeletal disease (general)	62%
Musculoskeletal disease (regional)	59%
Neurological disease	62%
Respiratory disease	57%
Other	51%

Source: PIP Statistics to October 2020, Table 1

Assessment award rates (reassessed claims, normal rules) by main disabling condition to October 2020

PIP Reassessed Claim Assessment Award Rates (normal rules)	Percentage
Psychiatric disorders	73%
Musculoskeletal disease (general)	85%
Musculoskeletal disease (regional)	82%
Neurological disease	84%
Respiratory disease	83%
Other	72%

Source: PIP Statistics to October 2020, Table 1

Those claims shown as “other” in the charts cover a wide variety of conditions with a broad range of assessment award rates.

If a PIP award is made, entitlement to PIP commences immediately. Claimants generally receive payment during the period for which they have entitlement, although there are times when payment may be suspended, for example if they are in hospital.

There were 2.6 million claims with entitlement to PIP (caseload) as at 31 October 2020. Of these:

• approximately equal numbers of claims are new and DLA reassessed claims (1.3 million respectively)
• 30,000 (1%) were registered under SRTI though the majority (99%) were under normal rules

For normal rules claims:

• just over one third (34%) have had entitlement for less than 2 years
• just under one in five (17%) have had entitlement for between 2 and 3 years
• nearly one half (49%) have had entitlement for more than 3 years

When PIP is awarded, decisions are made as to the award level – the monetary amount of the award for both Daily Living and Mobility components – depending on the claimant’s individual circumstances. Each component can be awarded at:

• enhanced rate
• standard rate
• nil, where the claimant is not awarded this component

Nearly one in three (32%) normal rules claims with entitlement to PIP as at 31st October 2020 receive the highest level of award.

For normal rules claims with entitlement in October 2020:

• one quarter (25%) received daily living award only, a few (4%) received mobility award only, and nearly three quarters (72%) received both
• almost one third (32%) received the highest level of awards (‘enhanced/enhanced’ rates) for both mobility and daily living components, and almost a further third (29%) received one component at the enhanced rate

The most commonly recorded disabling condition for claims under normal rules is ‘Psychiatric disorder’.

PIP claims with entitlement (normal rules) by main disabling condition, as at October 2020

Disabling condition	Claimants	Percentage
Psychiatric disorders	950,000	37%
Musculoskeletal disease (general)	530,000	20%
Neurological disease	340,000	13%
Musculoskeletal disease (regional)	330,000	13%
Respiratory disease	110,000	4%
Cardiovascular disease	63,000	2%
Malignant disease	55,000	2%
Other	200,000	8%

Source: PIP Statistics to October 2020, Stat Xplore

Note: more information on claims with entitlement (caseload), clearances and awards by a range of factors including disability is available from Stat-Xplore.

5. Review outcomes

During a review of an award due to a planned Award Review or when a Change of Circumstance is reported, the award level is assessed and may be changed. Since 25th June 2016 (when recording procedures were updated), the outcome of a review can be shown as:

• Increased – where the award level has increased for one or both components
• Maintained – where the award level remains as it was prior to the review
• Decreased – where the award level has decreased for one or both components
• Disallowed – where the claimant’s entitlement to benefit is ended
• Withdrawn or voluntarily relinquished (for Changes of Circumstances only)

Prior to 25 June 2016, whether an Award Review resulted in an increase or decrease in the level of award that the claimant received was not recorded.

From 25 June 2016 to October 2020:

• 640,000 of the 1,000,000 Award Reviews, just over 3 out of 5 (61%), resulted in an increase or no change to the level of award received by the claimant
• 205,000 of the 280,000 Changes of Circumstances, nearly three quarters (73%), resulted in an increase or no change to the level of award received by the claimant

This difference reflects the fact that many PIP claimants report a change of circumstances when their condition or disability deteriorates.

Award Review outcomes from 25 June 2016 to October 2020

Review Outcome	Percentage
Award Increase	18%
Award Maintained	44%
Award Decreased	15%
Award Disallowed	24%

Source: PIP Statistics to October 2020, Table 6B

Change of Circumstance outcomes from 25 June 2016 to October 2020

Review Outcome	Percentage
Award Increase	44%
Award Maintained	29%
Award Decreased	7%
Award Disallowed	14%
Withdrawn or voluntarily relinquished	6%

Source: PIP Statistics to October 2020, Table 6B

The proportion of claimants receiving more (or less) benefit after their award review differs across the various main disabling condition groups, where condition is as recorded at the time of award review clearance.

The six most common groups account for 91% of all award reviews cleared between June 2016 and October 2020. Among these groups:

• claimants with a respiratory disease were most likely to have their award increased or maintained (70%)
• claimants with a malignant disease were most likely to have their award decreased or disallowed (50%)

Award Review outcomes by main disabling condition, from 25 June 2016 to October 2020

Disabling condition	Award Increased	Award Maintained	Award Decreased	Award Disallowed
Psychiatric disorders	16%	40%	14%	30%
Musculoskeletal disease (general)	20%	48%	16%	16%
Musculoskeletal disease (regional)	16%	47%	15%	21%
Neurological disease	19%	49%	14%	18%
Respiratory disease	25%	46%	13%	16%
Malignant disease	13%	37%	16%	34%
Other	17%	42%	13%	28%

Source: PIP Statistics to October 2020, Table 6B (vi)

Further information on award review outcomes for all main disabling conditions can be found in tables 6B (iv) – (vi) of the tables that accompany this release.

6. Clearance outcomes – Award Types and Review Periods (Experimental statistics)

When PIP is awarded, decisions are also made as to the award type and, where appropriate, the review period.

The award type may be:

• a fixed length award with a set period of time before a review of the award takes place
• an “ongoing award” with no end date, where the intention will be to apply a light-touch review at the 10-year point
• a “short term award without review” which will not be subject to review but will end within a small number of years of award unless a new claim is submitted (mostly awarded under SRTI, with others being awarded to claimants who are expected to see a significant reduction in needs in the short term)

For fixed length awards, decisions are also made as to:

• the period of time that should be allowed before a review of the award takes place, known as the review period
• a “review date”, which is set to reflect the point at which the Department considers that the claimant’s needs might change sufficiently to warrant a review
• an “end date”, set to 12 months after the review date, at which point the claim will come to an end unless it is extended by the review

Award levels and review periods are set on an individual basis, based on the claimant’s needs and the likelihood of those needs changing. This takes into account such matters as planned treatment/therapy or learning/adapting to manage a condition. For fixed length awards, the review period usually ranges from a minimum of 9 months to a maximum 10 years. Review periods of less than 9 months are set only in exceptional circumstances. An award of 2 years or less is considered short term.

New guidance in place from 31 May 2019 means that successful claimants whose review would normally have taken place when they were of State Pension age will now be awarded ongoing awards. This change affects higher volumes of reassessed claims than new claims, because DLA claimants tend to be older than new claimants. There are some claimants aged above State Pension Age who have been incorrectly recorded as having an award with a review date of less than 10 years. Claimants do not need to do anything and work is underway to ensure all claimants who are of State Pension Age at the time of their next review date are given a light touch ongoing award with a review at 10 years.

Most new claimants receive an award of 2 years or less. DLA reassessment claimants tend to receive longer awards. Trends over time have tended to differ between new and reassessed claims.

For new claims:

• in October 2020, nearly three quarters (74%) of claims awarded were short term (0 to 2 years), less than one in ten (7%) were longer term (over 2 years) and less than one in ten (7%) were ongoing
• short term claims with review period of 0 to 2 years have consistently been the most common type of award for new claims, rising from 54% in April 2017 and peaking between September and November 2018 at 80%
• longer term claims over 2 years were the second most common type of award and peaked in May 2015 (33%), after which they started a decreasing trend with a sharper drop from January 2018 counterbalancing the equivalent rise in shorter claims at that point in time
• ongoing claims have only accounted for 5% of all claims awarded up until May 2019, rising slightly since then to current levels due to the policy change described above

For DLA reassessment claims:

• in October 2020, short term 0 to 2 year awards were the most common award type (nearly half (47%) of all claims awarded) followed by ongoing awards (30%) and longer tem claims over 2 years (22%)
• patterns in award types are different in recent months due to ongoing COVID-19 disruption, since reassessment activity has not restarted for all types of claim and overall numbers of DLA reassessment clearance are low at this time
• longer term claims over 2 years were initially the most typical type of reassessed award until November 2016, although these have gradually decreased from an initial peak at 69% in August 2014 to become the least common award type since April 2019
• short term reviews became the most common type from April 2018 and peaked in December 2018 (53% of all reassessed claims awarded)
• ongoing awards have increased since PIP began, peaking at 43% in December 2016, dropping back to 23% in December 2018 and then peaking again at 54% in October 2019

Award types and review periods also differ by main disabling condition.

In particular:

• new claimants with psychiatric disorders are more likely to receive short term awards with reviews
• most new claimants with a malignant disease claim under SRTI
• DLA reassessment claimants are more likely to receive ongoing awards than new claimants across all disabling conditions
• since PIP was introduced, 50% of successful DLA reassessed claimants with neurological diseases received an ongoing award.

New Claim Award types, proportion, by condition to Ocotber 2020

Disabling condition	Short term 0-2 years	Longer term 2+ years	SRTI	Ongoing
Malignant disease	32%	2%	64%	2%
Respiratory disease	56%	31%	1%	10%
Musculoskeletal disease (general)	64%	32%	0%	4%
Neurological disease	65%	21%	2%	11%
Other	65%	23%	2%	9%
Musculoskeletal disease (regional)	73%	23%	0%	3%
Psychiatric disorders	77%	17%	0%	5%

Source: PIP Statistics to October 2020, Stat-Xplore

DLA Reassessment Claim Award types, proportion, by condition to October 2020

Disabling condition	Short term 0-2 years	Longer term 2+ years	SRTI	Ongoing
Malignant disease	27%	14%	47%	12%
Respiratory disease	28%	39%	2%	31%
Musculoskeletal disease (general)	32%	47%	0%	21%
Neurological disease	20%	29%	0%	50%
Other	27%	33%	1%	39%
Musculoskeletal disease (regional)	35%	45%	0%	20%
Psychiatric disorders	33%	31%	0%	35%

Source: PIP Statistics to October 2020, Stat-Xplore

7. Clearance and Outstanding Times

Clearance times show the time taken for DWP to process and make a decision on a case. The average clearance time is calculated as the median of all individual clearance times.

Average PIP clearance times in Great Britain (GB), October 2020

Claim type	“End to end” clearance time (from registration to decision being made)	“AP referral to end” clearance time (from point of referral to the Assessment Provider to decision being made)
New claim, normal rules	16 weeks	12 weeks
Reassessed claim, normal rules	33 weeks	22 weeks
New claim, special rules for terminal illness	5 working days	N/A
Reassessed claim, special rules for terminal illness	5 working days	N/A

Source: PIP Statistics to October 2020, Tables 2A and 2B

Note: “AP referral to end” times not shown for special rules for terminal illness cases as these are not published separately.

Clearance times for normal rules new claims:

• have reduced significantly from peaks in July 2014 (42 weeks end to end, 35 weeks AP referral to end)
• saw increases in late 2019 following the introduction, in July 2019, of a 2-week extension to the 4-week time limit to return the “Part 2” form where a reminder has been sent
• have reflected distortions over recent quarters due to COVID-19 measures, with an initial drop in April 2020, increases over May-August 2020, but a subsequent drop, in September and October 2020

Clearance times for normal rules reassessed claims:

• initially peaked in September 2014 (32 weeks end to end, 27 weeks AP referral to end)
• reduced significantly from the start of 2015, though with fluctuation over time due to changing workflows
• saw increases in late 2019 following the introduction, in July 2019, of a 2-week extension to the 4-week time limit to return the “Part 2” form where a reminder has been sent
• have continued to rise over recent quarters excepting a dip in May and June 2020 and are currently at similar levels to the 2014 peak, which reflect distortions due to COVID-19 measures

Information on clearance times and outstanding times (time already waited for cases where DWP has yet to make a decision) can be found in tables 2 and 3 of the tables that accompany this release. Regional clearance times can also be found there.

8. Mandatory Reconsiderations (MRs)

Claimants who wish to dispute a decision on their PIP claim at any stage can ask DWP to reconsider the decision. This is a mandatory reconsideration (MR).

Its purpose is to consider the grounds for the dispute and complete a review of the initial decision. An MR may give rise to a change in award, which includes:

• previously disallowed claims that are now awarded
• claims that had previously been awarded but the MR has resulted in a change in the level of the award

An MR must be completed before an appeal is made and lodged with HM Courts and Tribunals Service (HMCTS).

MRs arising from award reviews are counted as relating to a new claim or a DLA reassessment claim based on the initial claim type.

By the end of October 2020, 1.7 million MRs had been registered against normal rules claims. Of these:

• 1,000,000 (60%) related to new claims
• 680,000 (40%) related to reassessed DLA claims

Note that the methodology for capturing MR clearances has undergone a minor adjustment between the September 2020 and December 2020 releases. The new methodology captures 8,000 cancelled MRs which had previously not been included (a 1% increase for total MR clearances to July 2020). More details here.

1.7 million MRs for normal rules claims had been cleared by the end of October 2020. Of these:

• 1,000,000 (60%) were for new claims
• 680,000 (40%) were for reassessed DLA claims
• 130,000 (8%) were withdrawn or cancelled

The number of MRs registered and cleared within each month fluctuates over time. Since PIP began:

• the number of MRs gradually increased between April 2013 and November/December 2016 as volumes of PIP customers increased
• MR volumes peaked in October 2016, and then levels remained steady apart from fluctuation until a new peak in October 2019
• MR volumes then decreased through to March 2020
• Latest figures for MR registrations (17,000 in October 2020) reflect continuing reduced activity since the COVID-19 pandemic began
• MR clearances over the same period showed an initial drop in April 2020, rose in June and July 2020 as activity recovered but have since fallen to 21,000 in October 2020 reflecting the lower levels of registrations

The degree to which MRs lead to changes in award has fluctuated over time.

Since PIP began:

• from April 2013 to December 2018, levels remained stable with just over one in five (fluctuating around 21%) of MR decisions leading to a change in award (excluding withdrawn MRs), while nearly four out of five (fluctuating around 79%) left the award unchanged
• the proportion of MRs where the award was changed (excluding withdrawn MRs) gradually increased, with some fluctuation, from 23% in January 2019 to 40% in December 2019, while the proportion where the award was unchanged decreased correspondingly from 77% to 60%
• changes in 2019 may reflect a new operational approach where the Department began to proactively contact claimants, as appropriate, to gather additional oral and written evidence for PIP at the MR stage
• the proportion of MR decisions (excluding withdrawn MRs) resulting in a change in award rose sharply between 40% in February 2020 and 44% in March 2020 to 57% in April 2020, reflecting the new operational approach as well as COVID-19 impact
• from May 2020 onwards the trends in proportion of MR decisions (excluding withdrawn MRs) leading to a change in award resumed the patterns pre-COVID – a gradual increase reaching 42% in October 2020

MR clearance times refer to the median average time taken to process an MR from the time it is registered by the claimant to a decision being made.

Note that the methodology for calculating MR clearance times has undergone a minor adjustment between the September 2020 and December 2020 releases. The new methodology excludes withdrawn/cancelled MRs to ensure that published figures reflect the customer journey accurately (changing reported times by +1 to -4 days in some months). Read more about changes in this release.

Since April 2013 MR clearance times followed similar patterns for both new claims and DLA reassessments, and have been quite volatile, with peaks in August 2014 (56 days), October 2016 (39 days), June/July 2019 (69 days) and 74 calendar days in June 2020.

By October 2020, the median MR clearance time had dropped to 34 calendar days, equivalent levels to the same point in the previous year.

Note: information on MR clearance times can be found in tables 4A to 4B of the tables that accompany this release. Further breakdowns of MR registration and clearance volumes are available from Stat-Xplore.

9. Customer Journey (Experimental) Statistics

This section includes experimental statistics based on a dataset that tracks initial decisions following a PIP assessment, through to MR and appeal. These statistics:

• help us understand the claimant’s end-to-end journey from claiming PIP, through to MR and appeal
• are particularly useful to understand the volumes and proportions flowing through each stage of the process and whether there are differences for particular groups of claimants
• cover initial decisions following a PIP assessment since PIP was introduced up to June 2020, and for MRs and appeals to September 2020 - note that more MRs and appeals could be made and completed after September 2020, so numbers could go up as it can take some time for an appeal to be lodged and then cleared after the initial decision
• include the period affected by COVID-19 from late March 2020 onwards (latest 2 quarters)
• cover new claims and DLA reassessment claims and both normal rules and special rules for terminally ill people (SRTI)

These statistics do not include:

• decisions made prior to an assessment being completed
• decisions made at an Award Review or Change of Circumstance

This means that the MR volumes are on a different basis to the other statistics on MRs contained within this release. Appeal volumes are also on a different basis to the statistics published by the Ministry of Justice on tribunal appeals.

For robust figures on individual stages, please use:

• for MR registration and clearance volumes, the figures from Stat-Xplore
• for appeals, the quarterly Ministry of Justice Tribunals statistics (available here)

For initial PIP decisions following an assessment during the period April 2013 to June 2020:

• there were 4.1 million initial decisions following a PIP assessment – two thirds (67%) were awarded PIP at the initial assessment
• 930,000 MRs have been registered about the 4.1 million initial decisions
• nearly one in five (18%) of completed MRs resulted in a change to the award (excluding withdrawn)
• four in ten (40%) of completed MRs then lodged an appeal
• just over one in ten (12%) of appeals lodged were “lapsed” (which is where DWP changed the decision in the customer’s favour after an appeal was lodged but before it was heard at tribunal)
• two thirds (67%) of the DWP decisions cleared at a tribunal hearing were “overturned” (which is where the decision is revised in favour of the customer)
• just under one in ten (9%) of initial decisions following a PIP assessment have been appealed and around one in twenty (5%) have been overturned at a tribunal hearing

When PIP is awarded, decisions are made as to the award levels and a claimant may disagree that the levels reflect their circumstances. Claimants who were disallowed PIP at initial decision (April 2013 to June 2020) were, in comparison to those awarded at initial decision:

• more likely to go on to register an MR or lodge an appeal
• less likely to have an award changed at MR or appeal

Of the 2.7 million cases where PIP was awarded at the initial assessment between April 2013 and June 2020:

• just over one in ten (11%) go on to register an MR (290,000 MRs registered, of which 1,800 were withdrawn)
• just over one in four (27%) of the 290,000 MRs decided gave rise to a change in award (77,000 changed the award while 210,000 left the award unchanged)
• just over one in three (35%) of cases lodged an appeal following their MR decision (100,000 appeals were lodged, of which 6,700 were withdrawn or struck out, and 17,000 were lapsed)
• almost three quarters (74%) of the 71,000 appeals cleared at tribunal hearing were overturned in favour of the customer (52,000 were overturned while 19,000 upheld the original DWP decision)

Of the 1.3 million cases where PIP was disallowed at the initial assessment between April 2013 and June 2020:

• nearly half (48%) go on to register an MR (640,000 MRs registered, of which 980 were withdrawn)
• 3 in 20 (15%) of the 640,000 MRs decided gave rise to a change in award (93,000 changed the award while 550,000 left the award unchanged)
• just over two in five (42%) of cases lodged an appeal following their MR decision (270,000 appeals were lodged, of which 6,100 were withdrawn or struck out, and 27,000 were lapsed)
• almost two thirds (65%) of the 210,000 appeals cleared at tribunal hearing were overturned in favour of the customer (140,000 were overturned while 74,000 upheld the original DWP decision)

Considering trends over time, the proportion of:

• MRs resulting in a change to the award has increased by 2 percentage points in the most recent quarter of initial decision to 34% in the April to June 2020 quarter, and is 10 percentage points higher than the same quarter the previous year, reflecting the increase since 2017-18
• appeals lodged which were lapsed gradually increased from 2015-16 to reach 27% in the 2019-20 financial year
• initial decisions following an assessment which have been appealed has gradually increased over time – from around 6% over the first couple of years when PIP was introduced, to 10% in 2018-19
• initial decisions following an assessment overturned at a tribunal hearing gradually increased and was 6% in 2018-19 – though as these statistics are grouped by initial decision date, numbers could increase for later periods as more appeals are completed

The summary tables 5A to 5F that go with this release give information by date of initial decision (quarter and financial year) and by outcome of initial decision, whether it was a DLA reassessed case or new claim, and by geography.

10. Annual statistics comparing outcomes for DLA reassessments

From 8th April 2013 DWP started to replace DLA with PIP (Read details on the roll out). Existing DLA claimants who claim PIP are reassessed for their eligibility for PIP against the same criteria as new PIP claimants. The reassessment process can be initiated in a number of different ways:

• DWP may send a letter inviting DLA recipients who were aged 16 to 64 on 8 April 2013 to claim PIP – note that these cases are referred to in these statistics as “working age” DLA recipients although some may have reached pension age when they receive their invitation
• “Working age” DLA recipients who have not yet received an invitation but who report a change in circumstances will be invited to make an application to PIP, or can choose to make a PIP application at any time
• “Rising 16” reassessments occur when a child DLA claimant reaches 16 years of age and is invited to claim PIP. Note that from 1 September 2020, young people in Scotland can choose to remain on child DLA until the age of 18 (see the Scottish Government website for more details)

Where a DLA claimant is invited to claim PIP and does so they remain in receipt of their DLA award until a decision on their PIP claim is made. Where a DLA claimant does not claim PIP when invited their DLA ends.

In the following statistics, for each individual who has a PIP reassessment outcome their PIP entitlement has been compared to their DLA entitlement at the time of their PIP reassessment registration. PIP enhanced and standard mobility rates are set to the same rates as DLA higher and lower mobility; PIP enhanced and standard daily living rates are the set to the same rates as DLA highest and middle care. DLA reassessment figures in this section exclude claimants who did not respond to the reassessment invitation but subsequently make a new claim to PIP though these are included in other sections of the release as new claims.

The December 2020 publication includes DLA to PIP reassessment statistics on rising 16s for the first time.

By the end of October 2020, 1.8 million people in Great Britain had DLA reassessment claims to PIP cleared. Of these, 1.5 million (87%) were working age claimants and 220,000 (13%) were rising 16s. (Note that figures here do not sum due to rounding.)

Note that it is possible for a claimant to register multiple claims to PIP that are classed as reassessments. If a claimant registers multiple such claims, only the first claim will be included in these DLA to PIP reassessment statistics. This is unlike the PIP registrations and clearances datasets which include all claims a claimant registers.

Nearly three quarters (73%) of those who registered received an award of PIP; 75% for working age and 62% for rising 16s.

More of those who registered received an increase in the level of benefit, and fewer received a lower level or no award than was predicted in the forecasts published in December 2012:

• 39% (for working age and rising 16s alike) received an increase compared to a forecast of 29%
• 47% (47% for working age and 48% for rising 16s) received a lower level of award or no award compared to a forecast of 55%; this includes 1% of claimants who chose to withdraw their claim

Working Age DLA reassessments by outcome to October 2020

Reassessment Outcome	Percentage
Award Increased	39%
Award Unchanged	14%
Award Decreased	21%
Disallowed post referral to the Assessment Provider	21%
Disallowed pre referral to the Assessment Provider	4%
Withdrawn	1%

Source: PIP Statistics to October 2020, Stat-Xplore

Rising 16 DLA reassessments by outcome to October 2020

Reassessment Outcome	Percentage
Award Increased	39%
Award Unchanged	13%
Award Decreased	10%
Disallowed post referral to the Assessment Provider	31%
Disallowed pre referral to the Assessment Provider	7%
Withdrawn	1%

Source: PIP Statistics to October 2020, Stat-Xplore

For working age claimants, 450,000 (29%) of the cases registered were awarded PIP at the highest rate (enhanced daily living and enhanced mobility components). This compares with 250,000 (16%) under DLA.

For rising 16s, 77,000 (35%) of the cases registered were awarded PIP at the highest rate (enhanced daily living and enhanced mobility components). This compares with 23,000 (10%) under DLA.

The proportion of claimants receiving more (or less) benefit after their DLA reassessment differs across the various main disabling condition groups, where condition is as recorded on their DLA claim. (A claimant’s disability as recorded on the PIP computer system may be different from their disability as recorded on the DLA computer system). Since there are often age-related factors with disabilities, the distribution of disability type is very different for working age DLA reassessments and for rising 16s.

The 6 most common DLA disabling condition groups that made up 58% of all working age reassessments comprise:

• Arthritis
• Psychosis
• Learning Difficulties
• Psychoneurosis
• Back Pain - Other / Precise Diagnosis not Specified
• Disease of the Muscles, Bones or Joints

Among these groups for working age reassessments:

• claimants with learning difficulties were most likely to receive an increased award (56%)
• claimants with a disability categorised under psychoneurosis were most likely to have their award disallowed or withdrawn (40%)

Working Age DLA reassessment outcomes by main disabling condition, to October 2020

Disabling condition as per DLA claim	Award Increased	Award Unchanged	Award Decreased	Award Disallowed or Withdrawn
Arthritis	36%	12%	35%	17%
Psychosis	35%	6%	21%	38%
Learning Difficulties	56%	13%	4%	28%
Psychoneurosis	41%	6%	13%	40%
Back Pain	35%	13%	37%	15%
Disease of the Muscles, Bones or Joints	40%	15%	23%	23%
Other	36%	20%	21%	23%

Source: PIP Statistics to October 2020, Stat-Xplore

The 6 most common DLA disabling condition groups that made up 82% of all rising 16 reassessments comprise:

• Learning Difficulties
• Hyperkinetic Syndrome
• Behavioural Disorder
• Neurological Diseases
• Diabetes Mellitus
• Psychoneurosis

Among these groups for rising 16 reassessments:

• claimants with learning difficulties were most likely to receive an increased award (52%)
• claimants with Diabetes Mellitus were most likely to have their award disallowed or withdrawn (93%)

Note that in order to be eligible for DLA, the needs of a child claimant must be substantially greater than for a non-disabled child of the same age. Under PIP all claimants are assessed against the eligibility conditions applicable to adults. With some conditions, such as Diabetes, although a claimant may need significant additional support as a child (for example, to monitor and manage their condition) it might be expected that the same individual can self-manage their condition without any further daily living or mobility needs arising once they become an adult. These needs are assessed on an individual basis as part of the initial application to PIP.

Rising 16 DLA reassessment outcomes by main disabling condition, to October 2020

Disabling condition as per DLA claim	Award Increased	Award Unchanged	Award Decreased	Award Disallowed or Withdrawn
Learning Difficulties	52%	11%	7%	30%
Hyperkinetic Syndrome	30%	6%	14%	50%
Behavioural Disorder	33%	6%	12%	49%
Neurological Diseases	28%	38%	13%	21%
Diabetes Mellitus	4%	2%	1%	93%
Psychoneurosis	31%	8%	18%	43%
Other	26%	25%	13%	36%

Source: PIP Statistics to October 2020, Stat-Xplore

Statistics on outcomes are given for GB and are also broken down by:

• PIP disabling condition
• DLA disabling condition
• gender
• geography (country, region, local authority, parliamentary constituency, middle and lower layer super output areas and census output area)
• mean financial PIP award
• mean financial DLA award

These breakdowns are available from Stat-Xplore.

11. About these statistics

Data quality statement

The following PIP statistics are Official Statistics:

• registrations
• clearances & awards
• clearance & outstanding times
• mandatory reconsideration registrations & clearances
• mandatory reconsideration clearance times
• claimants entitled to PIP
• annual statistics comparing outcomes for DLA reassessments (working age and child DLA claimants)

Official Statistics are produced in accordance with Statistics and Registration Service Act 2007 and the Code of Practice for Statistics and meet high standards of trustworthiness, quality and public value.

The following PIP statistics are Experimental Statistics:

• award types & review periods
• award review and change of circumstance registrations and clearances
• customer journey statistics (tracking of initial decisions following a PIP assessment through to MR and appeal)

These statistics are badged as experimental to reflect the fact that the series are new and methodologies and definitions for the statistics may develop over time.

Breakdowns available

Statistics available on Stat-Xplore and in accompanying tables are further broken down by:

• geography (region, local authority and parliamentary constituency and for Stat-Xplore, Middle & Lower layer Super Output Area and Census Output Area)
• assessment status (SRTI, DLA reassessment indicator and for all post-assessment measures, mobility component award level, daily living component award level)
• claimant characteristics (age, gender, State Pension Age)
• primary disability category/sub-category/low level disability category (for all post-assessment measures)
• duration of current claim (for caseload)
• outcomes and review periods (for clearances)
• mean financial award amounts (for all awards in clearance and caseload series)

Changes in this release

The December 2020 release includes annual DLA to PIP reassessment statistics for rising 16s for the first time. Rising 16s are child DLA claimants who reach 16 years of age and are invited to claim PIP (their DLA ending whether or not they claim PIP). These statistics have been released as a separate series from the annual DLA to PIP reassessment statistics for working age clients, although the methodology to produce them is the same.

Between the September 2020 and December 2020 releases, the methodologies for capturing MR clearances and MR clearance times have undergone minor adjustments. These methodological changes have been applied retrospectively across the whole time series and so do not introduce any discontinuity:

• For MR clearances, the new methodology captures 8,000 cancelled MRs which had previously not been included, causing a 7% increase in the Withdrawn/Cancelled category for MR clearances to July 2020 compared to previously published figures, but only a 1% increase for total MR clearances
• For MR clearance times, withdrawn/cancelled MRs have been excluded from calculations of median clearance times to ensure that published figures reflect the customer journey accurately. This adjustment changes median MR clearance times in some months by +1 to -4 days excepting June 2014 where figures reduced by 8 days

Rounding policy

Data in the release has been rounded as per the table below, with the exception of average clearance times which are shown as whole numbers of days or weeks.

From	To	Round to nearest
0	1,000	10
1,001	10,000	100
10,001	100,000	1,000
100,001	1,000,000	10,000
1,000,001	10,000,000	100,000
10,000,001	100,000,000	1,000,000

All changes and totals are calculated prior to rounding. Percentage changes are calculated prior to rounding and then are rounded to the nearest whole number. As all figures within this statistical summary have been rounded, they may not add up.

Retrospection

The data is subject to some minor retrospection. When a claim is first registered, it is assumed to be a new claim unless there is evidence to suggest that it is a DLA reassessment. If evidence is presented between registration and clearance, the claim will then show as a DLA reassessment clearance and will move from being a new claim registration to being a DLA reassessment registration.

Some claims may not be marked as claims under SRTI at the point of registration but become an SRTI claim prior to the point of clearance, and vice versa. This may lead to the figures showing fewer SRTI registrations than clearances.

PIP operational roll out

On 8 April 2013, PIP was introduced as a controlled start, for new claims from people living in a limited area in the North West and part of the North East of England.

On 10 June 2013, PIP was introduced for new claims for the remaining parts of Great Britain.

From 28 October 2013, using a structured roll out to postcode areas, DWP invited DLA working age recipients to claim PIP if:

• DWP received information about a change in care or mobility needs which meant their claim had to be renewed
• the claimant’s fixed term award was due to expire
• children turned 16 years old (unless they have been awarded DLA under the special rules for terminally ill people)
• the claimant chose to claim PIP instead of DLA

Since July 2015, the remaining DLA working age recipients have been gradually invited to claim PIP.

Personal Independence Payment in Scotland

The Scotland Act 2016 gives Scottish Parliament powers over a number of social security benefits which had been administered to Scottish clients by the Department for Work and Pensions. From 1 April 2020, Personal Independence Payment became one of the benefits to have executive competency transferred from the Department for Work and Pensions to Social Security Scotland, the executive agency of Scottish Government which is responsible for delivering the social security benefits for Scotland. From 1 September 2020, young people in Scotland can choose to remain on child DLA until the age of 18. See the Scottish Government website for more details.

There is a transitional period to allow administration of this benefit to be transferred to Scotland, during which time the Department for Work and Pensions will continue to administer Personal Independence Payment on Social Security Scotland’s behalf. Statistics in this release therefore include Scottish PIP claims alongside the rest of Great Britain.

In the future, Scottish Government plans to replace Personal Independence Payment with Adult Disability Payment.

Where to find out more

The Personal Independence Payment statistics collection has links to this release and other releases of PIP statistics.

Read a detailed PIP statistics background and methodology document. This gives information about production of the PIP statistical release including:

• data sources
• methods
• definitions
• quality assurance steps

Build your own data tables using Stat-Xplore

View an interactive dashboard of the latest PIP statistics by region.

Read an overview of PIP.

Read the release strategy for the PIP statistics.

Related statistics:

The Scottish Government have produced their own publication for PIP in Scotland

Ministry of Justice tribunals statistics.

Statistics for Employment and Support Allowance Work Capability Assessment Outcomes.

Work and Pensions Select Committee PIP and ESA assessments inquiry: supporting statistics. This ad hoc publication gives statistics about the assessment process from the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) and the 3 assessment providers:

• Centre for Health and Disability Assessments (CHDA)
• Capita
• Independent Assessment Services (IAS)

The release also includes statistics about the outcomes of MRs and tribunals.

ISBN: 978-1-78659-241-5