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Research and analysis

Most Similar Forces

Updated Most Similar Forces tool groups police force areas using socio-economic data to benchmark crime rates and improve comparative analysis.

Applies to England and Wales

Documents

Most Similar Forces: Annexes

Details

This report updates the Most Similar Forces (MSF) method used to compare police force areas in England and Wales. It incorporates new data, refined statistical techniques and sector input to improve the accuracy and relevance of groupings for benchmarking crime and demand.

Using socio-economic indicators, the model identifies groups of similar forces through feature selection, principal component analysis and distance-based measures. The findings show that these groupings provide a strong basis for comparing weighted crime rates, though their suitability varies by crime type and requires validation by users.

Updates to this page

Published 16 July 2026

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