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Guidance

Merger remedies

The Competition and Markets Authority's (CMA) approach to remedies in phase 1 and phase 2 merger investigations.

Updates to this page

From:
Competition and Markets Authority
Published:
1 November 2008
Last updated:
19 December 2025
Show all updates

  1. Guidance updated after CMA review of approach to merger remedies.

  2. The merger remedies guidance has been updated following consultation.

  3. First published.

Documents

Merger remedies (December 2025 version)

Ref: CMA87

PDF, 831 KB, 91 pages

Merger remedies (December 2018 version)

PDF, 1000 KB, 65 pages

Details

This guidance explains the CMA’s approach to selecting, designing and implementing remedies in phase 1 and phase 2 merger investigations.

The guidance is for merging parties and their advisers.

After consulting on proposed changes, we updated this guidance in December 2025 to embed the ‘4Ps’ framework in the CMA’s approach to merger remedies and processes.

The revised guidance took effect on 19 December 2025 and applies to mergers where the formal phase 1 investigation commences on or after 19 December 2025.

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