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Consultation outcome

Google’s general search services: proposed conduct requirements

Updates to this page

From:
Competition and Markets Authority
Published:
28 January 2026
Last updated:
23 September 2026
Show all updates

  1. Further consultation on user choice conduct requirement published.

  2. Google annexes published.

  3. Fair ranking and data portability conduct requirements published. Foxglove response also published.

  4. Publisher conduct requirement published.

  5. Movement for an Open Web's response published.

  6. Additional responses published.

  7. Consultation responses published.

  8. First published.

This consultation has concluded

Detail of outcome

The CMA has imposed its publisher conduct requirement, data portability conduct requirement and fair ranking conduct requirement on Google.

We have also published a further consultation on the user choice conduct requirement.

Feedback received

Affiliate and Partner Marketing Association

PDF, 56.3 KB, 9 pages

Anonymous 1

PDF, 368 KB, 6 pages

Anonymous 2

PDF, 172 KB, 3 pages

Anonymous 3

PDF, 178 KB, 4 pages

Anonymous 4

PDF, 178 KB, 8 pages

Anonymous 5

PDF, 258 KB, 9 pages

Anonymous 6

PDF, 195 KB, 4 pages

Anonymous 7

PDF, 169 KB, 3 pages

Anonymous 8

PDF, 64.1 KB, 1 page

Anonymous 9

PDF, 216 KB, 2 pages

Anonymous 10

PDF, 70.1 KB, 4 pages

Anonymous 11

PDF, 311 KB, 8 pages

Association of Online Publishers

PDF, 133 KB, 2 pages

Bachtrack

PDF, 73.7 KB, 2 pages

BBC

PDF, 114 KB, 7 pages

Brave Software

PDF, 32.3 KB, 1 page

Chamber of Progress

PDF, 333 KB, 16 pages

Cloudflare

PDF, 387 KB, 11 pages

Coalition for Online Data Empowerment

PDF, 65 KB, 2 pages

Computer and Communications Industry Association - Data Portability CR

PDF, 215 KB, 2 pages

Computer and Communications Industry Association - Fair Ranking CR

PDF, 242 KB, 5 pages

Computer and Communications Industry Association - Publisher Controls CR

PDF, 285 KB, 8 pages

Computer and Communications Industry Association - User Choice CR

PDF, 248 KB, 6 pages

Consumer Choice Center

PDF, 224 KB, 8 pages

Corint Media

PDF, 5.79 MB, 10 pages

Datapods

PDF, 61.8 KB, 2 pages

Derick Rethans

PDF, 113 KB, 1 page

DMG Media

PDF, 630 KB, 19 pages

Dnes & Felver PLLC

PDF, 812 KB, 12 pages

Dr Paul Campbell

PDF, 143 KB, 1 page

DuckDuckGo

PDF, 653 KB, 13 pages

easyJet

PDF, 108 KB, 4 pages

Emerge

PDF, 103 KB, 7 pages

European Publishers Council

PDF, 373 KB, 12 pages

Financial Times

PDF, 252 KB, 3 pages

Footbal Writers Association

PDF, 85.4 KB, 3 pages

Foxglove

PDF, 583 KB, 7 pages

Gener8

PDF, 37.2 KB, 1 page

Genie Ventures

PDF, 738 KB, 5 pages

Google

PDF, 2.73 MB, 58 pages

Google - Annex 1

PDF, 244 KB, 11 pages

Google - Annex 2

PDF, 135 KB, 9 pages

Google - Annex 3

PDF, 2.23 MB, 18 pages

Guardian Media Group

PDF, 383 KB, 14 pages

Impress, The Independent Media Association, The Association of Online Publishers, The Independent Publishers Alliance and The Independent Community News Network

PDF, 241 KB, 18 pages

Independent Media

PDF, 109 KB, 3 pages

Information Technology and Innovation Foundation

PDF, 217 KB, 6 pages

International Center for Law & Economics

PDF, 535 KB, 18 pages

Jim Hales

PDF, 150 KB, 1 page

Kelkoo Group

PDF, 252 KB, 5 pages

Knight-Georgetown Institute

PDF, 458 KB, 22 pages

LoveHoney Group

PDF, 215 KB, 9 pages

Microsoft

PDF, 146 KB, 3 pages

MoneySuperMarket

PDF, 71.8 KB, 4 pages

Movement for an Open Web

PDF, 18.7 MB, 44 pages

Mozilla

PDF, 164 KB, 11 pages

Music Publishers Association

PDF, 328 KB, 8 pages

News Media Association - Fair Ranking CR

PDF, 288 KB, 4 pages

News Media Association - Publisher Controls CR

PDF, 317 KB, 12 pages

News Media Association - User Choice CR

PDF, 200 KB, 2 pages

News Media Alliance

PDF, 488 KB, 22 pages

News Media Canada

PDF, 179 KB, 3 pages

News Media Europe

PDF, 96.4 KB, 2 pages

Open Data Institute

PDF, 470 KB, 7 pages

OpenAI

PDF, 150 KB, 8 pages

OpenAttribution.org - Fair Ranking CR

PDF, 134 KB, 2 pages

OpenAttribution.org - Publisher Controls CR

PDF, 235 KB, 4 pages

Platform Leaders

PDF, 174 KB, 6 pages

Professional Publishers Association

PDF, 2.23 MB, 13 pages

Public Interest News Foundation

PDF, 187 KB, 5 pages

Publishers Association

PDF, 533 KB, 3 pages

Redbrain Ltd

PDF, 63.4 KB, 2 pages

Samsung

PDF, 251 KB, 7 pages

Shaping Competition in the Digital Age

PDF, 377 KB, 24 pages

Siinda - Fair Ranking CR

PDF, 142 KB, 4 pages

Siinda - Publisher CR

PDF, 139 KB, 4 pages

Skyscanner - Fair Ranking CR

PDF, 1.06 MB, 19 pages

Skyscanner - Publisher Controls CR

PDF, 473 KB, 8 pages

Sony

PDF, 391 KB, 4 pages

Todd Davies and Spencer Cohen

PDF, 575 KB, 15 pages

Trainline

PDF, 271 KB, 17 pages

UK Hospitality

PDF, 466 KB, 2 pages

Vivaldi

PDF, 64.2 KB, 1 page

Which

PDF, 271 KB, 9 pages

Yelp

PDF, 366 KB, 6 pages

Original consultation

Summary

The Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) is inviting comments on proposals for conduct requirements (CRs): rules applying to Google’s general search services.

This consultation ran from
to

Consultation description

In October 2025 the CMA designated Google as having strategic market status in the provision of general search and search advertising (together, general search services). This consultation invites comments on our proposals for CRs, which are the rules relating to Google’s general search services under the UK’s digital markets competition regime.

Documents

Introduction to the consultation

PDF, 278 KB, 17 pages

Data Portability conduct requirement

PDF, 485 KB, 31 pages

Publisher conduct requirement

PDF, 4.68 MB, 71 pages

Fair Ranking conduct requirement

PDF, 573 KB, 45 pages

User Choice conduct requirement

PDF, 1.57 MB, 60 pages

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