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Official Statistics

Provisional entries for GCSE, AS and A level: summer 2026 exam series

Published 9 June 2026

Applies to England

This report presents provisional figures for the number of entries for GCSEs, AS and A levels submitted by schools and colleges in England to exam boards ahead of the summer exam series.

For the 2026 summer exam series, figures represent the number of entries submitted by schools and colleges to exam boards by 15 April 2026.

Entries data is collected at the same time every year, at a point when it should be reasonably complete, although final entries are always expected to vary to some degree. These figures are therefore provisional. Our statistics on entries and late entries give final numbers, which are published later in the year.

Key headlines

The key headlines in provisional entries for GCSEs, AS and A levels for the summer 2026 series are:

  • GCSE entries have increased by 1.1% from 5,777,020 in summer 2025 to 5,840,185 in summer 2026.
  • The proportion of entries by tier was broadly similar in summer 2026 compared with summer 2025 across majority of tiered GCSE subjects.
  • A level entries have increased by 2.9% from 821,875 in summer 2025 to 845,485 in summer 2026.
  • AS entries have decreased by 3.2% from 52,295 in summer 2025 to 50,645 in summer 2026.

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GCSE entries

The overall entry for GCSEs has increased by 1.1% from 5,777,020 in summer 2025 to 5,840,185 in summer 2026. This represents a reversal from last year’s decrease and a continuation of the longer‑term upward trend in entries for GCSEs.

GCSE entries have increased by 1.1% in summer 2026 compared with summer 2025

Figure 1: Provisional GCSE entries (millions) by exam series, summer 2022 to summer 2026

Table 1: Provisional GCSE entries by exam series, summer 2022 to summer 2026

Year group Summer 2022 Summer 2023 Summer 2024 Summer 2025 Summer 2026
Year 10 and below 107,400 99,780 92,405 92,435 96,195
Year 11 4,928,640 5,090,115 5,296,815 5,212,910 5,251,660
Year 12 and above 313,210 353,940 422,380 471,675 492,330
All year groups 5,349,250 5,543,840 5,811,595 5,777,020 5,840,185

The majority of GCSE entries are from year 11 students. Entries from year 11 students have increased in summer 2026 compared with summer 2025 (an increase of 0.7%). This increase should be considered in the context of a 1.2% increase in the size of the population of those aged 16 in England, from 709,586 in 2025 to 718,143 in 2026 (according to Office for National Statistics (ONS)). You can find more detail on how these figures were retrieved in the background information accompanying this release.

The increase of 1.1% for GCSE entries in summer 2026 is due to a rise in entries for both EBacc subjects and non-EBacc subjects.

The majority of GCSE entries are in EBacc subjects between summer 2022 and summer 2026

Figure 2: Percentage of provisional GCSE entries in EBacc and non‑EBacc subjects, summer 2022 to summer 2026

Table 2: Percentage of provisional GCSE entries in EBacc and non‑EBacc subjects, summer 2022 to summer 2026

Subject category Summer 2022 Summer 2023 Summer 2024 Summer 2025 Summer 2026
EBacc entries 4,378,110 4,554,415 4,776,805 4,751,520 4,792,500
Non-EBacc entries 971,140 989,430 1,034,790 1,025,500 1,047,685
Percentage of EBacc entries 81.8% 82.2% 82.2% 82.2% 82.1%
Percentage of non-EBacc entries 18.2% 17.8% 17.8% 17.8% 17.9%

Change from previous year in GCSE entries for EBacc subjects

The overall entry for all EBacc subjects in summer 2026 has increased by 0.9% from 4,751,520 in summer 2025 to 4,792,500 in summer 2026. Despite this overall growth, 8 of the 15 EBacc subjects saw a decreases in entries, with the largest percentage fall in computing (down 7.0%). Mathematics saw the largest increase in entries this year, up by 2.4%.

GCSE entries increased in some EBacc subjects and decreased in others

Figure 3: Percentage change in provisional GCSE entries for EBacc subjects in summer 2026 compared with summer 2025

Table 3: Percentage change in provisional GCSE entries for EBacc subjects in summer 2026 compared with summer 2025

Subject grouping Entries in summer 2025 Entries in summer 2026 Percentage change in entries
Combined science 934,500 951,510 1.8%
Mathematics 856,430 876,955 2.4%
English language 825,940 844,455 2.2%
English literature 614,800 620,420 0.9%
History 293,835 295,095 0.4%
Geography 291,880 289,615 -0.8%
Biology 171,690 169,915 -1.0%
Chemistry 163,100 161,400 -1.0%
Physics 162,865 161,305 -1.0%
Spanish 131,985 132,680 0.5%
French 128,155 121,040 -5.5%
Computing 89,610 83,330 -7.0%
Other modern languages 42,945 41,300 -3.8%
German 32,430 32,525 0.3%
Ancient languages 11,360 10,960 -3.5%
Total 4,751,520 4,792,500 0.9%

Note 1: Entry in combined science is double counted throughout this release because combined science is the equivalent of 2 GCSE grades.

Note 2: Ancient languages entries include ancient history as well as ancient languages entries.

Note 3: The number of entries in each subject also corresponds to the number of students entered, except for combined science, other modern languages and ancient languages, where students may enter more than one qualification in the same subject group.

Entries in EBacc subjects over time and by year group

While GCSE entries overall have risen, entries for some EBacc subjects (biology, chemistry, physics, computing and French) showed a further decline compared with last year.

Entries for Combined Science, English Language, Mathematics, and Spanish have continued to increase this year as in recent years.

While entries for some EBacc subjects continued to rise in 2026, others declined following earlier peaks

Figure 4: Provisional entries in EBacc subjects from summer 2022 to summer 2026

Table 4: Provisional entries in EBacc subjects from summer 2022 to summer 2026

Subject Summer 2022 Summer 2023 Summer 2024 Summer 2025 Summer 2026
Mathematics 749,390 786,815 842,575 856,430 876,955
English language 719,790 754,910 807,725 825,940 844,455
English literature 582,680 601,945 623,590 614,800 620,420
Combined science 854,450 881,925 926,750 934,500 951,510
Biology 174,605 180,125 183,360 171,690 169,915
Chemistry 167,190 173,530 174,745 163,100 161,400
Physics 166,550 172,725 174,735 162,865 161,305
Computing 79,135 88,530 93,980 89,610 83,330
Geography 279,205 283,020 287,600 291,880 289,615
History 278,750 298,155 312,410 293,835 295,095
French 126,185 126,560 130,650 128,155 121,040
German 36,000 33,945 35,110 32,430 32,525
Spanish 116,355 121,670 129,935 131,985 132,680
Other modern languages 36,310 39,270 42,460 42,945 41,300
Ancient languages 11,510 11,290 11,175 11,360 10,960

Note: The number of entries in each subject also corresponds to the number of students entered, except for combined science, other modern languages and ancient languages, where students may enter more than one qualification in the same subject group.

There are some slight changes to entries by year group across subjects in 2026 compared with previous years. In all subjects, most entries are from students in year 11, but the proportion of entries from students in year 10 and below (“early entries”) in other modern languages is consistently higher than in other subjects. The percentage of entries for mathematics and English language from students in year 12 and above has increased in summer 2026 when compared with summer 2025.

The majority of entries are from year 11 students for EBacc subjects

Figure 5: Percentage of entries by student year group in EBacc subjects

Table 5. Percentage of entries by student year group in EBacc subjects from summer 2022 to summer 2026

Subject Year group Summer 2022 Summer 2023 Summer 2024 Summer 2025 Summer 2026
Ancient languages Year 10 and below 8.3% 8.7% 7.9% 7.8% 9.1%
Ancient languages Year 11 89.7% 89.6% 89.9% 89.8% 88.8%
Ancient languages Year 12 and above 2.0% 1.7% 2.2% 2.4% 2.0%
Biology Year 10 and below 0.9% 0.7% 0.6% 0.5% 0.5%
Biology Year 11 96.3% 96.6% 96.5% 96.4% 96.6%
Biology Year 12 and above 2.8% 2.7% 2.9% 3.1% 2.9%
Chemistry Year 10 and below 0.6% 0.5% 0.5% 0.4% 0.4%
Chemistry Year 11 98.0% 97.8% 97.8% 97.7% 97.8%
Chemistry Year 12 and above 1.4% 1.6% 1.8% 1.9% 1.8%
Combined science Year 10 and below 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1%
Combined science Year 11 98.9% 98.8% 98.7% 98.6% 98.7%
Combined science Year 12 and above 1.0% 1.1% 1.3% 1.4% 1.3%
Computing Year 10 and below 1.7% 1.3% 0.9% 1.0% 1.4%
Computing Year 11 97.4% 97.6% 97.8% 97.4% 97.4%
Computing Year 12 and above 0.9% 1.2% 1.2% 1.5% 1.2%
English language Year 10 and below 0.8% 0.6% 0.4% 0.4% 0.3%
English language Year 11 82.5% 81.4% 79.1% 76.4% 75.3%
English language Year 12 and above 16.6% 18.0% 20.5% 23.3% 24.4%
English literature Year 10 and below 2.9% 2.2% 1.6% 1.5% 1.7%
English literature Year 11 96.5% 97.1% 97.6% 97.6% 97.6%
English literature Year 12 and above 0.6% 0.7% 0.8% 0.8% 0.7%
French Year 10 and below 2.1% 1.8% 1.7% 1.8% 1.9%
French Year 11 97.4% 97.7% 97.8% 97.7% 97.7%
French Year 12 and above 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5%
Geography Year 10 and below 0.5% 0.4% 0.3% 0.4% 0.4%
Geography Year 11 98.9% 98.9% 98.8% 98.7% 98.9%
Geography Year 12 and above 0.6% 0.8% 0.9% 0.9% 0.7%
German Year 10 and below 2.2% 2.4% 2.3% 2.7% 2.7%
German Year 11 97.3% 97.2% 97.1% 96.7% 96.7%
German Year 12 and above 0.5% 0.5% 0.6% 0.6% 0.5%
History Year 10 and below 0.5% 0.5% 0.4% 0.4% 0.5%
History Year 11 99.0% 99.0% 99.0% 98.9% 98.9%
History Year 12 and above 0.5% 0.6% 0.6% 0.7% 0.6%
Mathematics Year 10 and below 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3%
Mathematics Year 11 79.1% 77.6% 75.3% 73.4% 72.6%
Mathematics Year 12 and above 20.6% 22.1% 24.4% 26.4% 27.1%
Other modern languages Year 10 and below 31.5% 35.8% 37.2% 38.7% 41.5%
Other modern languages Year 11 63.7% 59.6% 58.6% 57.5% 55.3%
Other modern languages Year 12 and above 4.8% 4.6% 4.2% 3.8% 3.2%
Physics Year 10 and below 0.4% 0.5% 0.5% 0.4% 0.4%
Physics Year 11 98.5% 98.2% 98.0% 98.0% 98.0%
Physics Year 12 and above 1.1% 1.4% 1.5% 1.6% 1.5%
Spanish Year 10 and below 2.9% 2.8% 2.6% 2.4% 2.6%
Spanish Year 11 96.5% 96.6% 96.8% 97.1% 96.9%
Spanish Year 12 and above 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.5%

Note: The proportion of entries in each subject also corresponds to the proportion of students entered, except for combined science, other modern languages and ancient languages, where students may enter more than one qualification in the same subject group.

Change from previous year in GCSE entries for non-EBacc subjects

The overall entry for non-EBacc subjects has increased by 2.2% from 1,025,500 in summer 2025 to 1,047,685 in summer 2026.

Nine out 17 non-EBacc subjects had an increase in entries. The largest percentage increase was in statistics (up by 11.9%). There was a decrease in entries in other sciences (down by 17.3%), classical subjects (down by 8.9%), and engineering (down by 8.3%).

Entries increased in some non-EBacc subjects and decreased in others between summer 2025 and summer 2026

Figure 6: Percentage change in non-EBacc entries in summer 2026 compared with summer 2025

Table 6. Percentage change in non-EBacc entries in summer 2026 compared with summer 2025

Subject grouping Entries in summer 2025 Entries in summer 2026 Percentage change in entries
Religious studies 242,310 240,945 -0.6%
Art and design subjects 194,190 199,435 2.7%
Business studies 130,065 141,135 8.5%
Physical education 79,285 82,185 3.7%
Design and technology 77,770 75,985 -2.3%
Food preparation and nutrition 55,035 54,190 -1.5%
Social science subjects 50,025 52,350 4.6%
Drama 48,650 48,220 -0.9%
Statistics 35,175 39,360 11.9%
Media / film / TV studies 32,555 34,210 5.1%
Music 34,555 34,120 -1.3%
Citizenship studies 21,500 22,130 2.9%
Economics 7,290 7,315 0.4%
Performing / expressive arts 7,175 7,265 1.2%
Classical subjects 5,085 4,635 -8.9%
Engineering 2,300 2,110 -8.3%
Other sciences 2,540 2,100 -17.3%
Total 1,025,500 1,047,685 2.2%

Note: The number of entries in each subject also corresponds to the number of students entered, except for art and design subjects, social science subjects, media/film/tv studies and other science, where students may enter more than one qualification in the same subject group.

Entries for tiered GCSEs

In some subjects, there are 2 tiers of entry: foundation and higher. Entry by tier has remained broadly similar in most tiered subjects in summer 2026 compared with summer 2025. For French, German and Spanish, there has been an increase in the percentage of higher tier entries compared with the previous year.

Percentage entry by tier has remained broadly similar across most subjects between summer 2025 and summer 2026

Figure 7: Percentage of entries to foundation and higher tiers from summer 2022 to summer 2026

Table 7. Percentage of entries for higher tier from summer 2022 to summer 2026

Subject Summer 2022 Summer 2023 Summer 2024 Summer 2025 Summer 2026
Biology 86% 85% 84% 84% 84%
Chemistry 86% 86% 85% 86% 87%
Combined science 40% 40% 37% 38% 39%
French 53% 52% 48% 49% 56%
German 62% 61% 57% 59% 67%
Mathematics 43% 43% 41% 40% 39%
Physics 88% 87% 85% 86% 86%
Spanish 53% 53% 49% 49% 55%
Statistics 58% 53% 48% 46% 47%

Note: The proportion of entries for higher tier in each subject also corresponds to the proportion of students entered, except for combined science, where students may enter more than one qualification in the same subject group.

AS and A level entries

The overall entries for AS have decreased by 3.2% from 52,295 in summer 2025 to 50,645 in summer 2026. AS level entries have seen continuous decrease over years following the decoupling of AS and A levels.

The overall entries for A level have increased by 2.9% from 821,875 in summer 2025 to 845,485 in summer 2026. This is likely to be partially explained by a 4.3% increase in the size of the population of those aged 18, which increased from 702,050 in 2025 to 732,335 in 2026 (according to Office for National Statistics (ONS)). You can find more detail on how these figures were retrieved in the background information accompanying this release.

AS entries have decreased and A level entries have increased in summer 2026 compared with summer 2025

Figure 8: AS and A level entries from summer 2022 to summer 2026

Table 8: AS and A level entries from summer 2022 to summer 2026

Qualification Summer 2022 Summer 2023 Summer 2024 Summer 2025 Summer 2026
AS 64,080 62,785 59,935 52,295 50,645
A level 788,125 806,410 825,355 821,875 845,485
Total 852,200 869,195 885,290 874,170 896,130

AS entries by subject

AS entries in most subjects decreased in summer 2026 compared with summer 2025, although entries increased in further mathematics (up by 11.4%) and economics (up by 3.3%). The biggest decrease in entries from summer 2025 to summer 2026 is in physics (down by 9.9%).

Entries decreased in many AS subjects

Figure 9: Percentage change in AS entries in summer 2026 compared with summer 2025

Table 9: Percentage change in AS entries in summer 2026 compared with summer 2025

Subject grouping Entries in summer 2025 Entries in summer 2026 Percentage change in entries
Other subjects 15,535 14,800 -4.7%
Mathematics 7,320 7,165 -2.1%
Further mathematics 5,370 5,980 11.4%
Psychology 4,530 4,235 -6.5%
Biology 4,305 3,960 -7.9%
Chemistry 4,015 3,825 -4.8%
Sociology 3,350 3,240 -3.4%
Physics 3,015 2,715 -9.9%
Economics 2,395 2,470 3.3%
Business studies 2,460 2,245 -8.7%
Total 52,295 50,645 -3.2%

Note 1: Entries in ‘other subjects’ is the combination of subjects with fewer than 2,000 entries as well as those grouped as ‘all other subjects’ by the Joint Council for Qualifications (JCQ) for the purposes of results reporting.

Note 2: The number of entries in each subject also corresponds to the number of students entered, except for ‘other subjects’ group, where students may enter more than one qualification in the same subject group.

A level entries by subject

The majority of A level subjects increased in entry size in summer 2026 compared with summer 2025. Political studies showed the biggest overall percentage increase (up by 13.1%) in summer 2026 compared with summer 2025. The subjects with the largest percentage decrease in summer 2026 when compared with summer 2025 are classical subjects (down by 9.6%) and drama (down by 9.5%).

A level entries increased for many subjects in summer 2026 compared with summer 2025

Figure 10: Percentage change in A level entries in summer 2026 compared with summer 2025

Table 10: Percentage change in A level entries in summer 2026 compared with summer 2025

Subject grouping Entries in summer 2025 Entries in summer 2026 Percentage change in entries
Mathematics 105,755 109,875 3.9%
Psychology 73,565 76,765 4.4%
Biology 66,100 68,860 4.2%
Chemistry 59,850 61,910 3.4%
Economics 41,880 46,365 10.7%
Business studies 41,940 43,395 3.5%
History 40,940 43,150 5.4%
Physics 42,025 42,765 1.8%
Sociology 42,035 41,840 -0.5%
Art and design subjects 40,400 40,015 -1.0%
English literature 34,920 32,890 -5.8%
Geography 31,395 31,370 -0.1%
Political studies 20,835 23,560 13.1%
Media / film / TV studies 21,435 20,975 -2.2%
Further mathematics 18,730 20,340 8.6%
Computing 19,010 19,685 3.5%
Law 14,420 16,090 11.6%
Religious studies 14,395 13,970 -2.9%
English 12,460 12,955 4.0%
Physical education 11,815 11,540 -2.3%
Other subjects 10,770 10,875 1.0%
Design and technology 9,095 9,285 2.0%
Spanish 7,830 7,905 1.0%
Other modern languages 6,555 6,795 3.7%
Drama 7,410 6,710 -9.5%
English language and literature 6,605 6,650 0.6%
French 6,450 6,465 0.2%
Classical subjects 6,260 5,655 -9.6%
Music 4,875 4,635 -4.9%
German 2,125 2,190 3.1%
Total 821,875 845,485 2.9%

Note 1: Entries in ‘other subjects’ is the combination of subjects with fewer than 2,000 entries as well as those grouped as ‘all other subjects’ by the Joint Council for Qualifications (JCQ) for the purposes of results reporting.

Note 2: The number of entries in each subject also corresponds to the number of students entered, except for mathematics, art and design subjects, media/film/tv studies, other modern languages and classical subjects, where students may enter more than one qualification in the same subject group.

Change in A level entries by subject over time

Entries for chemistry, further mathematics and mathematics showed consistent growth across the summer 2022 to summer 2026 examination series. Entries in other high entry subjects have had slight fluctuations each year.

Please note that according to the JCQ subject classifications, English includes English language, English literature, and English language and literature specifications. Also note that modern foreign languages contain French, German, and Spanish as they have been grouped together to allow any trends in entries to be shown.

Entries in high entry subjects have had slight fluctuations each year

Figure 11: Entries in selected A level subjects from summer 2022 to summer 2026

Table 11: Entries in selected A level subjects from summer 2022 to summer 2026

Subject Summer 2022 Summer 2023 Summer 2024 Summer 2025 Summer 2026
Art and design subjects 42,100 40,930 40,965 40,400 40,015
Biology 66,220 68,870 69,040 66,100 68,860
Business studies 38,980 41,265 41,260 41,940 43,395
Chemistry 54,865 57,620 58,845 59,850 61,910
English 53,965 53,960 56,745 53,985 52,495
Further mathematics 14,520 14,535 17,420 18,730 20,340
History 42,885 44,545 43,405 40,940 43,150
Mathematics 89,605 90,845 101,230 105,755 109,875
Modern foreign languages 18,750 16,265 17,035 16,400 16,555
Physics 36,770 35,815 40,315 42,025 42,765
Psychology 76,265 78,015 76,125 73,565 76,765
Sociology 43,590 45,730 42,570 42,035 41,840

Note: The number of entries in each subject also corresponds to the number of students entered, except for art and design subjects, mathematics and modern foreign languages subjects, where students may enter more than one qualification in the same subject group.

Entries by centre type

In previous releases of this report, we have included figures on the number of entries broken down by centre type. We have taken the decision from summer 2025 not to publish these figures as we are unable to validate the categorisation of entries into centre types carried out by the awarding organisations for this data, and therefore would have limited assurance of the accuracy of these figures. We are currently working on securing a more reliable data source and hope to resume the publication of centre type breakdowns in subsequent releases of this report.

Contextual information

In this report, Ofqual presents data on the number of provisional entries for GCSEs, AS and A levels in England received by exam boards ahead of the summer exam series.

Schools and colleges enter students with exam boards to take these qualifications in the summer. The figures for entries can normally change up to the day of the exams. We collect provisional data at around the same time every year, at a point when it should be reasonably complete. The figures presented here relating to summer 2026 are the provisional figures as received by exam boards by 15 April 2026. Final entry numbers are always expected to vary slightly from these.

In this report, all figures for the number of entries are rounded to the nearest 5.

Background information accompanying this report includes factors that may have an impact upon the entries in summer 2026, as well as information on data collected for this release and definitions of important terms used in the report.

Data tables published along with this report give provisional entry data (rounded to the nearest 5) for different subjects broken down by year group for GCSEs, AS and A levels.

Note that we publish final figures on entries later in the year. Please see our statistics on entries and late entries.