Guidance

Overseas business risk: Hong Kong

Updated 24 September 2025

1. Context

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China covers an area of 1,114 square kilometres (430 square miles) on the southern coast of China. It comprises Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, and over 250 outlying islands.

Hong Kong is a high-income economy, with a population of roughly 7.5m people and nominal GDP per capita at $56,030. It hosts highly developed financial and professional services, logistics, and tourism sectors, underpinned by a low-tax regime, competitive business environment, and strong connectivity with the mainland Chinese market.

The depth and breadth of links between the UK and Hong Kong are significant, with similarities evident across business, culture, education, arts, legal, and regulatory spheres. Roughly 720 UK businesses have a footprint in Hong Kong, making the UK the 4th-largest parent jurisdiction for foreign-affiliated subsidiaries in the SAR after the US, Japan and mainland China.

Hong Kong’s political landscape has changed significantly since the protests in 2019, the imposition of the National Security Law on 30 June 2020, and the subsequent overhaul of Hong Kong’s electoral system in 2021 and 2023. Political rights and freedoms in Hong Kong have been significantly eroded, especially freedom of expression and the right to assembly. However, most businesses report that they remain able to operate normally amidst the current political environment.

British businesses operating in Hong Kong, or thinking of establishing there, should familiarise themselves with the changes to the political, social, and business environments and seek appropriate professional advice as needed. For further information on national security laws see section 4: Business and human rights.

British businesses exporting to Hong Kong should also be aware that, since 2020, Hong Kong has been subject to similar levels of UK export control as mainland China. See Notice 2020/12 and Notice 2020/13 from the Export Control Joint Unit for further details. 

2. Economics and trade

Hong Kong continues to be a major trade and investment partner for the UK. Hundreds of British companies have operated in Hong Kong for many decades, reflecting the historical ties. British companies continue to choose Hong Kong for a variety of reasons. These include:

• the absence of capital controls
• a currency pegged to the US dollar
• a Common Law legal system based on English law which provides effective dispute resolution systems in commercial cases to international standards
• the ease of setting up a business
• a free port with no tariffs for goods on entry
• a low-tax regime
• access to finance as a global financial centre
• strong connectivity to mainland China and to the rest of the Asia Pacific region
• access to investment opportunities in the Greater Bay Area

2.1 Trade and investment overview

Hong Kong is:

• one of the UK’s most significant trade and investment partners the in Asia-Pacific, and 18th largest trading partner overall
• a large export and import market for the UK - £15.6 billion of goods and services were exported to Hong Kong and £9.4 billion imported from Hong Kong in the four quarters to the end of Q4 in 2024
• the world’s largest air cargo hub and 13th busiest sea freight port
• the destination for 5.7% of the UK’s outward FDI stock in 2023, or £105.4 billion
• the primary destination for the emerging internationalisation of mainland China’s currency, the Renminbi (RMB).

The latest trade and investment statistics between the UK and Hong Kong are available through the Department for Business & Trade’s Hong Kong SAR Trade and Investment Factsheet. 

As a distinct customs territory, Hong Kong is responsible for its own bilateral and multilateral economic and trade relations. Hong Kong has historically been a strong advocate for free trade and open markets in fora such as the World Trade Organisation (WTO), the World Customs Organisation (WCO), and Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) where it has taken part separately from mainland China. Hong Kong’s financial regulators also engage in their own right at organisations like the Financial Stability Board, the Bank of International Settlements, and International Organisation of Securities Commissions. In many other multilateral fora, such as the G20 or most bodies of the United Nations, Hong Kong participates or is represented as part of the People’s Republic of China’s delegation.

An Investment Promotion & Protection Agreement and a Double Taxation Agreement is in place between the UK and Hong Kong. Hong Kong has various other such agreements with other jurisdictions, and has also signed 9 Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) with the following partners:

• mainland China
• Macao
• the European Free Trade Association (EFTA)
• the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN)
• Georgia
• Australia
• New Zealand.
• Peru

Hong Kong is also currently seeking accession to the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, a 15-member Asia-Pacific regional FTA.  

2.2 Economic overview

Hong Kong continues to maintain a free market economic system as set out in the Sino-British Joint Declaration. Hong Kong is an open economy and an international centre for finance. In recent policy addresses, the Chief Executive has also set out his ambition to focus on the development of emerging industries in innovation, technology, arts and culture. Hong Kong also aspires to become a regional centre for intellectual property trading, as well as legal and business dispute resolution. Hong Kong is focusing on attracting talent and business back to the region.

The Hong Kong Government forecasts 2025 GDP growth at 2–3%, citing steady growth in Mainland China as a supportive factor. Exports of goods and services and a moderate rebound in investment spending are economic bright spots, while Hong Kong’s capital markets have also seen a marked resurgence in interest, principally from mainland Chinese firms.  However private consumption remains weak, reflecting ongoing post-pandemic shifts in consumer behaviour. The property sector also faces continued pressure due to high supply and high interest rates, the latter linked to US rates through Hong Kong’s currency peg to the US Dollar.

The local labour market is tight, with unemployment at 3.2% and underemployment at 1.1%. Many businesses cite talent shortages as a key constraint on their activities. Despite this, Hong Kong’s level of inflation remains modest, with full-year forecasts of 1.5% (underlying) and 1.8% (headline).

Note: You can access up to date statistics and information on these websites:

• The Census and Statistics Department in Hong Kong
• The Hong Kong Monetary Authority
• Invest Hong Kong
• The Hong Kong Trade Development Council Research
• The Hong Kong Economic Trade Office in London, UK
• Hong Kong Trade & Industry Department (CEPA, Mainland & HK Closer Economic Partnership Agreement)

2.3 Economic integration with mainland China

The economies of Hong Kong and mainland China are increasingly integrated. The Hong Kong/mainland China Closer Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) was signed in 2003 and has subsequently been enhanced by subsidiary agreements for trade in goods, trade in services, investment, and economic & technical co-operation. For goods, the arrangement allows largely tariff free imports of all goods of Hong Kong origin into mainland China. On services and investment, accredited “Hong Kong Service Suppliers”, a status open to UK companies with substantive business operations in Hong Kong, can also secure preferential access into the mainland market.

Note: Further detail on CEPA and its subsidiary provisions can be found on the website of the Trade and Industry Department: Hong Kong Trade and Industry Department - CEPA.

The development of the Greater Bay Area initiative, launched in February 2019 (covering nine cities in Guangdong province, Hong Kong and Macao) could provide deeper economic integration and business opportunities as it develops. The Chief Executive’s subsequent policy addresses have placed emphasis on attracting business and talent, easing the housing shortage and promoting innovation & technology. Developments so far include easements and tax incentives related to activity in special economic zones such as Qianhai in Shenzhen and Nansha in Guangzhou, institution of cross-boundary legal qualification frameworks, and liberalised data-transfer arrangements through the “GBA Standard Contract” . Plans for a shared research & development area – the Hong Kong-Shenzhen Innovation & Technology Park – are also underway.

Note: Further detail on the GBA can be found on the GoGBA platform of the Hong Kong Trade and Development Council: HKTDC - GoGBA

The Connect schemes, a series of mutual market access programmes, were introduced to facilitate cross-border financial flows. These schemes operate under a closed loop system, where home market rules apply. The Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect, the first Connect scheme, was launched in 2014 and the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect was launched in 2016. The schemes allow eligible investors from the mainland and Hong Kong to trade eligible stocks listed on the Hong Kong, Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges. This was followed by the launch of the Bond Connect for Northbound trading in 2017, and Southbound trading in 2021. The scheme was further expanded to retail investors with the launch of Wealth Management Connect in 2021, later expanded in 2024, which allowed eligible Hong Kong, Macao and mainland investors to invest in wealth management products under each other’s jurisdictions. The northbound trading of interest rate swaps was launched through the Swap Connect in 2023 as a risk hedging tool for investors tapping into China’s bond market. This was expanded in 2024 allowing the use of onshore bonds as eligible collateral in the offshore market. 

The Stock Connect is the most popular platform for global investors – over 70% of all international investments into China’s A-share market are held through the Stock Connect programme. The Connect scheme has become an important investment mechanism and is anticipated to expand with ‘Insurance Connect’ in the pipeline and southbound Swap Connect in the near future.

3. Government

Hong Kong falls under the sovereignty of the People’s Republic of China, which is responsible for its foreign affairs and defence. Hong Kong operates under ‘One Country, Two Systems’. The 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration (the agreement that returned sovereignty of Hong Kong from the UK to China), provides for Hong Kong to enjoy a high degree of autonomy in the other areas of its governance, including economic and trade affairs. Hong Kong’s Basic Law enacts the key features of the Joint Declaration, such as Hong Kong’s special status, a high degree of autonomy, the continuation of its capitalist system, a common law legal system, and rights and freedoms. It sets out, among other things, the relationship between the Chinese Government and the Hong Kong SAR Government, the fundamental rights and duties of the Hong Kong people, and the SAR’s political structure.

3.1 Political structure

The Hong Kong SAR Government is led by the Chief Executive. The principal officials are the Chief Secretary for Administration, the Financial Secretary and the Secretary for Justice. Cabinet positions are not elected, but are political appointments made by the Chief Executive. This is also the case for the Executive Council, the Government’s advisory body.

The Chief Executive is chosen by a 1,461-member Election Committee. In May 2022, John Lee, previously Chief Secretary, was elected uncontested for a 5-year term as the next Chief Executive, securing 99% of the votes.

The Legislative Council (LegCo) is Hong Kong’s legislature. Legislative elections last took place on 19 December 2021 and were subject to the overhaul of Hong Kong’s electoral system imposed by China’s National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) in March 2021, termed “Patriots Governing Hong Kong”.

The Legislative Council was expanded from 70 to 90 seats, with only 20 directly elected by popular vote (Geographical Constituencies). Under the changes, all prospective candidates must now pass national security vetting and secure nomination from the 1,461-member Election Committee, which itself then elects 40 members (Election Committee Constituency) to sit in the Legislative Council. The 2021 Legislative Council election resulted in a record low voter turnout of 30.2% to elect the 20 directly elected seats. The remaining 30 seats remain trade-based Functional Constituencies, selected by members of specified associations or professions. The next Legislative Council elections will take place in December 2025.

Hong Kong’s judicial system is based on the Common Law and operates independently and separately from Mainland China. It has its own courts, with the Court of Final Appeal at the top, and judges are appointed based on merit. Since 1997 serving and retired UK judges have sat on Hong Kong’s Court of Final Appeal. There are currently two such British “non-permanent” judges serving in Hong Kong, both having retired from their judicial careers in the UK. 

4. Business and human rights

There are concerns about the impact of the wider political environment on businesses operating in Hong Kong.

From June 2019, Hong Kong experienced roughly six-months of protests and civil unrest from those opposed to an extradition bill which ignited calls for greater democracy and accountability. Some businesses have faced pressure to take public positions on political developments. Protests in 2019 saw boycotts and disruption to a number of businesses, including vandalism of property.

On 30 June 2020, the Chinese authorities imposed a National Security Law (NSL) on Hong Kong, with the stated aim of restoring stability to the region. On 23 March 2024, Hong Kong enacted the Safeguarding National Security Ordinance under Article 23 of the Basic Law.

Whilst some businesses argue that the NSL has brought a degree of stability, and the most recent legislation greater clarity, the UK government and civil society groups have expressed concern about the impact of the laws on Hong Kong’s rights and freedoms (see section 4.2 for further detail). As the legislation under the Safeguarding National Security Ordinance remains relatively new, business communities in Hong Kong continue to report concerns about its potential long-term impact.

4.1 Sino-British Joint Declaration

The Foreign Secretary reports to Parliament every six months on developments in Hong Kong, with a particular focus on Hong Kong’s social and economic systems, lifestyle, and rights and freedoms, as promised under the Sino-British Joint Declaration.

The UK has declared 4 breaches of the Joint Declaration since handover, the first in response to the forced removal of five booksellers to mainland China in 2016. Following three successive breaches of the Joint Declaration between June 2020 and March 2021, the UK now considers the Chinese Government to be in a state of ongoing non-compliance with the Joint Declaration.

Those breaches were:

• the imposition of the National Security Law on Hong Kong on 30 June 2020
• the creation of new rules to disqualify Hong Kong’s elected legislators on 11 November 2020, which resulted in the disqualification of four democratic lawmakers, and the mass resignation of most of the remaining pan-democratic legislators from the Legislative Council
• the overhaul of Hong Kong’s election system by China’s National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) on 11 March 2021

4.2 Rights and freedoms

Hong Kong is regularly ranked as one of the safest cities in the world, with largely responsive and reliable public services. Commercial freedoms remain robust, with the city consistently ranked as one of the freest economies globally. However, many elements of Hong Kong’s political and civil freedoms have been significantly eroded over recent years. 

National Security Laws

The 2020 National Security Law (NSL) includes offences, such as:

• secession
• subversion
• organisation and perpetration of terrorist activities
• collusion with a foreign country

The 2024 Safeguarding National Security Ordinance (SNSO) includes offences, such as:

• treason
• sedition
• unlawful disclosure of state secrets
• external interference endangering national security

The law can be interpreted broadly and subsidiary legislation of the SNSO enacted rapidly, as took place in May 2025. Some offences can lead to a maximum penalty of life imprisonment. Individuals and organisations can be prosecuted.

The national security laws apply to activities taking place inside and outside Hong Kong, including in the UK. The national security laws apply to all individuals regardless of nationality or residency.

Hong Kong’s National Security Police have issued arrest warrants and financial rewards against individuals living outside Hong Kong, including in the UK under the 2020 National Security Law.

You could be detained or removed to mainland China for some offences under the 2020 National Security Law.

Under the NSL, incorporated or unincorporated bodies can be fined and their operations suspended or licence/permit revoked. Issuing or supporting political statements critical of the Hong Kong and Chinese authorities, including online and on social media, could be viewed as a crime under the NSL and may lead to prosecution. Those who support individuals who themselves are deemed to be conducting activities in contravention of the NSL could also face prosecution under the same law. Under the NSL, businesses face the risk of electronic devices being searched, confiscated, or placed under covert surveillance. National security clauses are also included in all land sale and short-term lease tender documents.

The NSL has affected the extent to which the people of Hong Kong are able to exercise their fundamental rights and freedoms. It has damaged freedom of expression in academia, schools and libraries, including through the removal of textbooks and other books containing certain political content. Uncertainties about how the provisions in the law might continue to be used, interpreted and expanded are having a wider chilling effect on the exercise of freedoms and encouraging self-censorship. Pressure on pro-democracy legislators and activists has increased, with a large number arrested, and some imprisoned, under the new laws.  

The restrictions on free speech have in turn limited media freedom, with increasing censorship of what media outlets can publish on sensitive political topics. National security legislation has resulted in increased self-censorship including voluntary closure of media outlets.

The UK Government responded to the introduction of the NSL with a series of measures including the immediate and indefinite suspension of the UK’s Extradition Treaty with Hong Kong, extending the UK arms embargo on mainland China to cover Hong Kong and strengthening export control measures more broadly, and creating a new, bespoke immigration route for British Nationals (Overseas) and their dependents.

Hong Kong law provides for an independent judiciary operating on a Common Law basis. Courts can, and do, find against the government. However, the NSL grants the police increased powers to search premises, freeze assets and to access information in cases related to national security without limit. It also allows for trials without jury and behind closed doors and permits the mainland criminal code to be applied in certain circumstances, including removing a suspect to face trial in the mainland. There continue to be arrests and trials of pro-democracy politicians and activists.

Immigration Ordinance

The Immigration (Amendment) Ordinance came into force in 2021. Under this law, people could be stopped from leaving the Hong Kong SAR. However, the Hong Kong SAR Government has said that these powers will only be used to stop certain asylum seekers from entering Hong Kong.

Freedom of Assembly & Association

Hong Kong law provides for freedom of assembly and association, but protests are subject to police authorisation. Since 2020, many protest applications have been turned down. This has continued following the removal of COVID-19 restrictions. Freedom of religion is broadly respected, and a number of religions are able to coexist without difficultly in Hong Kong. More information on political risks, including political demonstrations, is available in FCDO foreign travel advice.

Hong Kong law, including related regulations and statutory instruments, protects the right of workers to form and join independent unions without previous authorisation or excessive requirements, and conduct legal strikes. However, the law does not provide for the right to collective bargaining. Trade unions must register with the government’s Registry of Trade Unions and must have a minimum membership of seven persons for registration. Unions can affiliate, and workers are not prevented from unionising. However, trade union activity has been limited on national security grounds since the introduction of the NSL in 2020. Many pro-democracy and “unpatriotic” trade unions, including those involved in the 2019 protests have disbanded. According to the Hong Kong Labour Rights Monitor, an NGO, 247 unions cancelled their registration with Hong Kong authorities between 2021 and 2024, in comparison to the closure of 15 unions during the preceding four-year period.

In April 2025, the authorities announced changes to the local Trade Unions Ordinance providing greater executive oversight of unions. These include refusing registrations on national security grounds, barring individuals convicted of related offences from associating, as well as restricting trade unions’ use of funds and affiliations with foreign organisations.

Internet Freedom

There are no government restrictions on access to the internet like those present in mainland China. However, several websites relating to overseas pro-democracy Hong Kong activists and issues of particular sensitivity to the central Chinese government are blocked from being accessed in Hong Kong. The Personal Data (Privacy) (Amendment) Ordinance 2021 came into effect in October 2021. The amendment criminalises doxxing and introduces a cessation notice regime to doxxing with extra-territorial reach.

4.3 Sanctions

On 14 July 2020, the US Congress enacted The Hong Kong Autonomy Act (HKAA). The bill imposed sanctions on foreign individuals and entities that materially contribute to China’s failure to preserve Hong Kong’s autonomy. On the same day, the US President issued Executive Order 13936 on “Hong Kong Normalisation”. The Executive Order determined that the Hong Kong SAR was no longer sufficiently autonomous to justify differential treatment in relation to the People’s Republic of China under US law and provided for the imposition of sanctions.

The US has since imposed sanctions on a number of individuals in Hong Kong and mainland China linked with undermining Hong Kong’s autonomy, rights and freedoms. Under the HKAA, the US State Department and Treasury monitor whether any foreign financial institutions have knowingly conducted significant financial transactions with the designated individuals.

Since October 2022, the US has introduced various restrictions on bilateral trade and investment with China. Following the HKAA, these restrictions also extend to Hong Kong. 

On 26 March 2021, China sanctioned a number of UK individuals and entities in response to the sanctions imposed by the EU and UK in relation to Xinjiang, prohibiting them from entering the mainland, Hong Kong and Macao, freezing their property in China, and prohibiting Chinese citizens and institutions from doing business with them.

In June 2021, the NPCSC promulgated the “Counter Foreign Sanctions Law of the People’s Republic of China” (CFSL). This law provides the legal basis for China’s further action and counter measures against sanctions imposed by other countries. The NPCSC session in August 2021 concluded without announcing whether or not it had decided to annex further national laws to Hong Kong’s Basic Law as its pre-published agenda had stated. There had been speculation that this could include the CFSL, however to date this has not occurred.

To date the UK has not imposed sanctions on individuals in relation to Hong Kong.

If you have queries relating to sanctions compliance, you should consult relevant national guidance and legislation. You may also wish to take legal advice as appropriate.

5. Intellectual property

Intellectual Property (IP) rights are territorial, that is they only give protection in jurisdictions where they are granted or registered. UK companies based in or planning to export to Hong Kong are advised to register their IP in Hong Kong and any other jurisdictions where they may want to expand their products and services.

Hong Kong has a separate IP system to mainland China. The Hong Kong IP legal framework is comprehensive and generally considered to be one of the most effective in Asia. Hong Kong ranked 16th globally in the 2022 International Property Rights Index.

Hong Kong is a signatory to several international conventions on IP. Its legislative and administrative regime for IP rights is generally compliant with the World Trade Organisation agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS).

The Hong Kong Intellectual Property Department (IPD) is the government department responsible for registration of trade marks, patents and designs, and for overseeing copyright policy. IPD also provides policy advice to the Secretary for Commerce and Economic Development on policies and legislation to protect IP in Hong Kong, as well as public outreach activity. Hong Kong Customs and Excise are the primary agency responsible for criminal enforcement against IP infringement. Any copyright and trademark right owners who find their rights being infringed are advised by IPD to contact the Customs and Excise Department. The Hong Kong court system operates according to common law principles and both interim and permanent injunctions can be obtained in IP cases. Since May 2019, Hong Kong has maintained an Intellectual Property Specialist List, aiming to expedite cases through the clear identification of judges with IP experience.

Some companies report that they have been the victim of ‘brand squatting’. This is when companies or individuals pre-emptively register a trade mark or company name, intending to negotiate a payment to transfer the rights, and/or to piggy-back on the reputation of international brands. This practice has been particularly prevalent with entities from mainland China, so companies active in Hong Kong should also consider trade mark registration on the mainland.

6. Bribery and corruption

Bribery is illegal. It is an offence for British nationals or someone who is ordinarily resident in the UK, a body incorporated in the UK or a Scottish partnership, to bribe anywhere in the world.

In addition, a commercial organisation carrying on a business in the UK can be liable for the conduct of a person who is neither a UK national or resident in the UK or a body incorporated or formed in the UK. In this case it does not matter whether the acts or omissions which form part of the offence take place in the UK or elsewhere.

For more information, read the information provided on our bribery and corruption page.

6.1 The UK Bribery Act

The Bribery Act applies to non-UK companies operating in the United Kingdom and to UK companies working overseas. It created four prime offences:

• two general offences covering the offering, promising or giving of an advantage, and requesting, agreeing to receive or accepting of an advantage
• an offence of bribing a foreign public official
• a new offence of failure by a commercial organisation to prevent a bribe being paid to obtain or retain business or a business advantage (should an offence be committed, it will be a defence that the organisation has adequate procedures in place to prevent bribery)

The Act recognises that no bribery prevention regime will be capable of preventing bribery at all times. A company will have a full defence if it can show that despite a particular case of bribery it nevertheless had adequate procedures in place to prevent persons associated with it from bribing. Companies must therefore make sure that they have strong, up-to-date and effective anti-bribery policies and systems in place to prevent bribery by persons associated with them.

6.2 Bribery and corruption in Hong Kong

In Hong Kong there is zero tolerance for bribery. The Prevention of Bribery Ordinance criminalises bribery and corrupt transactions in both the public and private sectors.

The Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) is the government agency which investigates and prosecutes corruption in the public and private sectors in Hong Kong.

Hong Kong was ranked 17th (of 180) in Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) for 2024, reflecting its robust structure of checks and balances (the UK was ranked 20th).

7. Terrorism threat and protective security

Hong Kong is regularly ranked as one of the safest cities in the world. But do ensure that you check foreign travel advice for latest information on risks and precautions.

You should be aware of the global risk of indiscriminate terrorist attacks, which could be in public areas, including those visited by foreigners. UK Counter Terrorism Policing has information and advice on staying safe abroad and what to do in the event of a terrorist attack. Find out more about the global threat from terrorism.

Business people should be conscious about what information they bring with them, and how they use information, whilst travelling abroad – including in Hong Kong. The UK Government’s National Protective Security Authority (NPSA) offers advice on protective security for UK businesses, with specialised guidance available for those working in emerging technology.

8. Organised crime

The Hong Kong SAR Government takes a serious view of organised crime and has in place severe measures to counter it, including large fines and long sentences for drug and firearms trafficking, money laundering and human and goods trafficking. The Organised and Serious Crimes Ordinance empowers Hong Kong’s law enforcement agencies (Hong Kong Police Force, Hong Kong Customs and Excise Department and the ICAC) to investigate serious and organised crimes. Uniquely, the Hong Kong Police Force has specific responsibility for investigating triad-related offences and has dedicated units to take proactive action against triads. While you should be vigilant against triad-related activity, there is no evidence to suggest this is a growing problem.

8.1 Fraud and money laundering

Hong Kong is often seen as an attractive option for money laundering, due to the nature of its financial structure. The money laundering regulations are enforced by the financial investigation bureaus of both the Hong Kong Police Force and Hong Kong Customs and Excise Department. Frauds and scams are ever-evolving, but the emergence of so-called “CEO scams” and email scams has identified vulnerabilities for companies across the globe, including those in Hong Kong. The utilisation of emerging technologies by criminals, such as generative AI, also presents further risks.  Further information on these and other types of fraud can be obtained via the City of London Police and Action Fraud websites.

For further information you can visit the Hong Kong Police Force website or the Security Bureau websites.

The Hong Kong SAR Government has restrictions in place on the quantity of powdered baby formula allowed for persons departing the territory. Penalties for non-compliance are severe. See: Hong Kong Customs and Excise Department website.

Read the information provided on our Organised crime page.

For advice on serious organised crime visit the National Crime Agency website.

9. Contact

Contact the Department for Business and Trade (DBT) team in Hong Kong for further information.