Total Income from Farming in London and the South East of England
Updated 14 September 2023
Applies to England
© Crown copyright 2023
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Figure 1: A map of England with London and the South East highlighted
ITL1 borders are shown on the full map of England on the left with London and the South East highlighted. London and the South East with the ITL3 borders shown is on the right of Figure 1.
Section 1: Key messages
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TIFF in London and the South East in 2022 was £813 million, an increase of £125 million (18%) from 2021.
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Total crop output in London and the South East in 2022 was £1,607 million, an increase of £312 million (24%) from 2021.
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Total livestock output in London and the South East in 2022 was £707 million, an increase of £61 million (9%) from 2021.
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Total intermediate consumption in London and the South East in 2022 was £1,407 million, an increase of £208 million (17%) from 2021.
Figure 1.1: TIFF from 2017 to 2022 in current prices for London and the South East
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TIFF in London and the South East in 2022 was £813 million, an increase of £125 million (18%) from 2021.
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TIFF in 2022 was the highest value for TIFF in London and the South East of the last 6 years.
Section 2: Outputs and subsidies
2.1 Overview
Figure 2.1: Outputs and subsidies split by percentage from 2017 to 2022 for London and the South East
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Total crop output has made the biggest contribution to outputs and subsidies in London and the South East in each of the past 6 years, contributing at least 48%. In 2022 Total crop output contributed 56% of the £2,875 million total outputs and subsidies, the highest proportion of the past 6 years.
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Direct payments have made up between 8% and 12% of the total outputs and subsidies in the past 6 years for London and the South East. In 2022, Direct payments made up 8% of total outputs and subsidies.
Figure 2.2: Outputs and subsidies split by percentage for the ITL2 regions of London and the South East in 2022
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Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire had the highest value for outputs and subsidies in London and the South East in 2022 with a value of £857 million, 30% of the total outputs and subsidies for London and the South East.
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Greater London had the lowest value for outputs and subsidies in London and the South East in 2022 with a value of £23 million, 1% of the total outputs and subsidies for London and the South East.
2.2 Crops
Figure 2.3: Breakdown of crop outputs in London and the South East in 2022 (£ million)
| Item Name | 2021 | 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Wheat | 325 | 484 |
| Fruits | 327 | 360 |
| Plants and flowers | 175 | 194 |
| Barley | 108 | 167 |
| Fresh vegetables | 85 | 103 |
| Oilseed rape | 58 | 101 |
| Other crop products | 112 | 78 |
| Protein crops | 36 | 38 |
| Potatoes | 16 | 14 |
| Forage plants | 20 | 14 |
| Sugar beet | 1 | 1 |
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The largest crop output in London and the South East in 2022 was Wheat with a value of £484 million, an increase of £158 million (49%) from 2021.
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The largest increase in a value in London and the South East in 2022 was also in Wheat. The second largest increase was in Barley, increasing by £59 million (54%) from 2021 to £167 million in 2022.
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The largest decrease in a value in London and the South East in 2022 was in Other crop products, decreasing by £34 million (-30%) from 2021 to £78 million in 2022.
Figure 2.4: Total crop output for the ITL2 regions of London and the South East in 2022 (£ million)
| ITL2 Name | 2021 | 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Kent | 473 | 579 |
| Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire | 342 | 426 |
| Hampshire and Isle of Wight | 251 | 303 |
| Surrey, East and West Sussex | 219 | 288 |
| Greater London | 9 | 10 |
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Kent had the largest crop output of the ITL2 regions within London and the South East in 2022, at £579 million. This was an increase of £106 million (22%) from 2021.
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Greater London had the smallest crop output of the ITL2 regions within London and the South East in 2022, at £10 million. This was an increase of £1 million (12%) from 2021.
2.3 Livestock
Figure 2.5: Breakdown of livestock outputs in London and the South East in 2022 (£ million)
| Item Name | 2021 | 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Milk | 152 | 206 |
| Beef | 138 | 155 |
| Gross fixed capital formation | 75 | 89 |
| Poultry | 73 | 82 |
| Mutton, lamb and goat | 72 | 67 |
| Pigmeat | 52 | 64 |
| Eggs | 76 | 35 |
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The largest livestock output in London and the South East in 2022 was Milk with a value of £206 million, which was an increase of £54 million (35%) from 2021.
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The largest increase in a value in London and the South East in 2022 was also in Milk. The second largest increase was in Beef, increasing by £17 million (12%) from 2021 to £155 million in 2022.
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The largest decrease in a value in London and the South East in 2022 was in Eggs, decreasing by £41 million (-54%) from 2021 to £35 million in 2022.
Figure 2.6: Total livestock output for the ITL2 regions of London and the South East in 2022 (£ million)
| ITL2 Name | 2021 | 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire | 206 | 244 |
| Surrey, East and West Sussex | 170 | 198 |
| Hampshire and Isle of Wight | 130 | 135 |
| Kent | 133 | 122 |
| Greater London | 7 | 8 |
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Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire had the largest livestock output of the ITL2 regions within London and the South East in 2022, at £244 million. This was an increase of £39 million (19%) from 2021.
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Greater London had the smallest livestock output of the ITL2 regions within London and the South East in 2022, at £8 million. This was an increase of £1 million (11%) from 2021.
2.4 Other outputs and subsidies
Figure 2.7: Other outputs and subsidies in London and the South East in 2022 (£ million)
| Item Name | 2021 | 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Direct payments | 271 | 244 |
| Inseparable non-agricultural activities | 179 | 203 |
| Other agricultural activities | 108 | 113 |
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Other outputs and subsidies in London and the South East totalled £560 million in 2022, an increase of £2 million (<1%) from 2021.
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Direct payments in London and the South East were £244 million in 2022, a decrease of £27 million (-10%) from 2021.
Section 3: Inputs and costs
3.1 Overview
Figure 3.1: Inputs and costs split by percentage from 2017 to 2022 for London and the South East
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Total intermediate consumption has contributed at least 66% of total costs in London and the South East in each of the last 6 years. In 2022, Total intermediate consumption contributed 69% of the £2,038 million of inputs and costs, the highest proportion of the past 6 years.
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Compensation of employees has made up between 11% and 13% of the total inputs and costs in each of the past 6 years for London and the South East. In 2022, Compensation of employees made up 11% of total inputs and costs.
Figure 3.2: Inputs and costs split by percentage for ITL2 regions in London and the South East in 2022
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Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire had the highest total inputs and costs of London and the South East in 2022 with £628 million, 31% of the total inputs and costs in London and the South East.
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Greater London had the lowest total inputs and costs of London and the South East in 2022 with £16 million, 1% of the total inputs and costs in London and the South East.
3.2 Intermediate consumption
Figure 3.3: Breakdown of intermediate consumption in London and the South East in 2022 (£ million)
| Item Name | 2021 | 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Animal feed | 250 | 309 |
| Other goods and services | 244 | 232 |
| Fertilisers and soil improvers | 119 | 217 |
| Energy | 105 | 157 |
| Total maintenance | 150 | 154 |
| Agricultural services | 108 | 113 |
| Plant protection products | 95 | 104 |
| Seeds and planting stock | 99 | 93 |
| Veterinary expenses | 17 | 17 |
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The largest intermediate consumption in London and the South East in 2022 was Animal feed with a value of £309 million, this was an an increase of £60 million (24%) from 2021.
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The largest value increase in a cost in London and the South East in 2022 was in Fertilisers and soil improvers which increased by £98 million (82%) from 2021 to £217 million in 2022.
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The largest value decrease in a cost in London and the South East in 2022 was in Other goods and services which decreased by £12 million (-5%) from 2021 to £232 million in 2022.
Figure 3.4: Total intermediate consumption for the ITL2 regions of London and the South East in 2022 (£ million)
| ITL2 Name | 2021 | 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire | 376 | 447 |
| Kent | 328 | 371 |
| Surrey, East and West Sussex | 243 | 307 |
| Hampshire and Isle of Wight | 241 | 271 |
| Greater London | 11 | 12 |
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Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire had the largest intermediate consumption of the ITL2 regions within London and the South East in 2022. This was an increase of £71 million (19%) from 2021 to £447 million in 2022.
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Greater London had the smallest intermediate consumption of the ITL2 regions within London and the South East in 2022. This was an increase of £1 million (12%) from 2021 to £12 million in 2022.
3.3 Other inputs and costs
Figure 3.5: Breakdown of other inputs and costs in London and the South East in 2022 (£ million)
| Item Name | 2021 | 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Total consumption of fixed capital | 324 | 360 |
| Compensation of employees | 221 | 227 |
| Rent and other associated costs | 44 | 44 |