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Research and analysis

TB infographics 2026 (data to end 2025): text version

Published 29 October 2026

Applies to England

© Crown copyright 2026

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This publication is available at https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/tuberculosis-in-england-2026-report/tb-infographics-2026-data-to-end-2025-text-version

Slide 1. Tuberculosis (TB) in England, Data for 2025

  • 82% of people diagnosed with TB born abroad
  • 13% increase in TB notifications from 2023 to 2025 (4,701 in 2019, 5,449 in 2025)
  • TB increased by 16% in those born outside the UK and by 0.1% in UK born population compared with 2023

Slide 2. Number of TB notifications in England in 2025

Number (and incidence per 100,000 population) by UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) region:

  • North East 165 (6.0)
  • North West 670 (8.6)
  • Yorkshire and Humber 440 (7.8)
  • West Midlands 634 (10.2)
  • East Midlands 456 (9.0)
  • East of England 416 (6.0)
  • South West 249 (4.2)
  • South East 573 (6.1)
  • London 1,846 (20.0)

Slide 3. TB rates in the UK remain among the highest in Western Europe

TB cases per 100,000 population in Western Europe:

  • Portugal 15
  • UK 10
  • France 8
  • Spain 8
  • Ireland 6
  • Germany 5
  • Netherlands 5
  • Italy 5
  • Sweden 3

Data sources are WHO (2025) Global Tuberculosis Report, Country, regional and global profiles.

Slide 4. TB is curable

Early diagnosis leads to better outcomes.

Completing treatment reduces the risk of:

  • drug-resistant TB
  • onward transmission
  • disease
  • dying

In 2025 median diagnostic delay for infectious TB was 74 days, similar to before the COVID-19 pandemic.

Slide 5. Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB) remains low in England but…

In 2025 there were 8 people notified with pre-XDR (pre-extremely drug-resistant) TB and one with XDR-TB.

MDR TB was 2.1% in 2025 and 2.2% in 2024.

MDR-TB often requires longer treatment with worse outcomes.

The prevalence of MDR TB by UKHSA region is:

  • North East: 2.2%
  • North West: 1.6%
  • Yorkshire and Humber: 2.4%
  • West Midlands: 1.8%
  • East Midlands: 2.4%
  • East of England: 2.7%
  • South West: 0.8%
  • South East: 1.7%
  • London: 2.2%

Slide 6. Those with social risk factors are most at risk of TB

  • 1 in 5 people with TB born in the UK have at least one social risk factor
  • 1 in 6 people with TB born abroad have at least one social risk factor

People with social risk factors are:

  • 50% more likely to have infectious TB
  • 70% more likely to die
  • 10% less likely to complete treatment

Social risk factors (2025) proportions:

  • alcohol misuse: 4.0%
  • drug misuse: 4.3%
  • prison: 4.0%
  • homeless: 6.5%
  • asylum seeker: 7.4%
  • mental Health: 2.8%

(Data of those with TB aged 15 and over.)

Slide 7. Contact tracing TB is the most important activity in TB prevention

In 2025, screening close contacts of 2,862 people notified with active pulmonary TB resulted in:

  • 9,121 contacts identified
  • 69.5% were screened for active and latent TB infection (LTBI)
  • resulting in 136 people diagnosed with TB disease and 1,124 people with LTBI

Slide 8. TB health inequalities are widening (2025)

  • widening inequality in TB rate between most deprived and least deprived
  • in 2025, there was an absolute difference of 14.9 rate per 100,000 between the most deprived and the least deprived
  • TB rate was 5.7 times higher in the most deprived compared to the least deprived in 2025
  • in 2019, there was an absolute difference of 10.6 in rate per 100,000 between the most deprived and the least deprived
  • TB rate was 4.1 times higher in the most deprived compared to the least deprived in 2019

Slide 9. Treatment outcomes

Treatment outcomes for those notified in 2019 were:

  • 85.5% of those notified in 2019 completed treatment
  • 3.8% of those notified in 2019 died
  • 3.6% of those notified in 2019 were lost to follow-up
  • 3.8% of those notified in 2019 were still on treatment
  • 1.2% of those notified in 2019 stopped treatment
  • 2.1% of those notified in 2019 were not evaluated

Treatment outcomes for those notified in 2024 were:

  • 84.8% of those notified in 2024 completed treatment
  • 2.9% of those notified in 2024 died
  • 4.8% of those notified in 2024 were lost to follow-up
  • 2.6% of those notified in 2024 were still on treatment
  • 1.7% of those notified in 2024 stopped treatment
  • 3.3% of those notified in 2024 were not evaluated
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