TB infographics 2024 (data to end 2023): accessible text version
Updated 29 May 2025
Applies to England
© Crown copyright 2025
This publication is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated. To view this licence, visit nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3 or write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU, or email: psi@nationalarchives.gov.uk.
Where we have identified any third party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned.
This publication is available at https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/tuberculosis-in-england-2024-report/tb-infographics-2024-data-to-end-2023-accessible-text-version
1. Tuberculosis (TB) in England including provisional data for 2024
- 82% of TB cases born abroad
- 25% increase in TB notifications from 2022 to 2024 (4,704 in 2019, 5,480 in 2024)
- TB increased in the UK born (10%) and non-UK born (29%) population in 2024 compared with 2022
2. TB rates in the UK remain among the highest in Western Europe
TB cases per 100,000 population in 2023:
- Portugal 16
- UK 8
- France 8
- Spain 6
- Germany 5
- Ireland 5
- Netherlands 5
- Italy 4
- Sweden 4
3. TB is curable
Early diagnosis leads to better outcomes.
Completing treatment reduces the risk of:
- drug-resistant TB
- onward transmission
- disease
- dying
In 2023 median diagnostic delay for infectious TB was 75 days, compared with 71 in 2019.
4. Those with social risk factors are most at risk of TB
There has been little progress in reducing the rates of TB notifications in people with social risk factors in England – 14.8% in 2019, 17.2% in 2023.
People with social risk factors are:
- 1.45 times more likely to have infectious TB
- 0.91 times less likely to complete treatment
5. Number of TB notifications in England in 2023
Number (and incidence per 100,000 population) by UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) region:
- North East 112 (4.2)
- North West 586 (7.8)
- Yorkshire and Humber 357 (6.4)
- West Midlands 580 (9.6)
- East Midlands 397 (8.0)
- East of England 410 (6.1)
- South West 212 (3.7)
- South East 539 (5.9)
- London 1,662 (18.7)
6. Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB) remains low in England but…
In 2023 there were 15 people notified with pre-XDR (pre-extremely drug-resistant) TB and one with XDR-TB.
In 2023, MDR TB increased to 2.4% from 1.6% in 2022. Provisional data suggests a further increase in 2024.
MDR-TB often requires longer treatment with worse outcomes.
- North East: 3.3%
- North West: 2.7%
- Yorkshire and Humber: 2.8%
- West Midlands: 0.6%
- East Midlands: 3.8%
- East of England: 3.6%
- South West: 0.8%
- South East: 3.0%
- London: 2.0%
7. Contact tracing TB is the most important activity in TB prevention
In 2023, screening close contacts of 2,688 people notified with active pulmonary TB resulted in:
- 8,665 contacts identified
- 69.9% were screened for active and latent TB infection (LTBI)
- resulting in 182 people diagnosed with TB disease and 1,135 people with LTBI