Research and analysis

Employment Status in the UK 2023: survey and qualitative research

HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) commissioned NatCen to undertake research on individuals’ employment statuses for rights purposes in the UK labour market.

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HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) commissioned independent agency The National Centre for Social Research (NatCen) to undertake research on individuals’ employment statuses for rights purposes in the UK labour market. This included a survey to produce an updated estimate of the total ‘worker’ population in the UK and follow-up qualitative research with individuals who had responded to the survey about their employment status.

A nationally representative survey of 8,767 UK adults aged 18 to 64 was carried out using a sample from the probability-based NatCen Opinion Panel. Survey interviews were conducted online and over the phone, and fieldwork ran from 18 May 2023 to 18 June 2023. the follow-up qualitative research consisted of 19 in depth interviews with individuals identified as ‘highly likely to be a worker’ by the survey and fieldwork ran from July to August 2023.

The views in this report are the authors’ own and do not necessarily reflect those of HMRC.

Updates to this page

Published 27 May 2025

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