MAH v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions: [2025] UKUT 322 (AAC)

Upper Tribunal Administrative Appeals Chamber decision by Judge Church on 29 September 2025.

• From: HM Courts & Tribunals Service and Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber)
• Published: 20 October 2025

• Categories: Personal independence payment – general
• Judges: Church, TH
• Decision date: 29 September 2025

Read the full decision in UA-2025-000092-PIP.

Judicial Summary

1. This appeal is about the need for tribunals to ensure that their findings of fact are grounded in evidence, to avoid the temptation to speculate about matters on which they have heard no evidence, and to make clear findings of fact about each matter that is necessary to determine the material issues in the appeal.
2. In this case the Tribunal should have stuck to hearing the evidence, assessing it critically, and making findings based on the evidence as it assessed it. The Tribunal fell into error when it strayed into speculating about whether the claimant and members of his family might adopt “traditional roles”, a matter on which it heard no evidence.

Published 20 October 2025