Demographic transition and structural transformation

Explores the effect of demographic transition on structural transformation.

Abstract

When fertility declines, a larger share of the population may remain in farming due to agriculture’s reliance on a fixed factor of production, land. The authors test this hypothesis at the household, state, and country levels.

This is an part of the Structural Transformation and Economic Growth (STEG) programme.

Citation

Barham T and others. ‘Demographic transition and structural transformation’ STEG Working Paper Series, 2025

Demographic transition and structural transformation

Updates to this page

Published 31 October 2025