MTT09490 - Miscellaneous pages: Effective date of FA25 amendments and the retrospection election
In the Finance Act 2025, a number of amendments were made to the MTT legislation in Finance (No.2) Act 2023.
The commencement date for these amendments varies:
- amendments that will always be beneficial to the taxpayer will typically apply retrospectively for periods beginning on or after 31 December 2023 (the implementation date of MTT).
- some amendments will apply prospectively for periods beginning on or after 31 December 2024.
- the majority of amendments will, by default, apply prospectively for periods beginning on or after 31 December 2024, unless a retrospection election is made.
Where the retrospection election is made, the relevant amendments will all apply retrospectively for all members of the group from the implementation date.
The only provision to fall outside these categories is the transitional safe harbour anti-arbitrage rule (see MTT15990), which is effective from the 14 March 2024.
The retrospection nature is of a different nature to other MTT elections. It is set out in paragraph 63 in Part 3 of Schedule 4 of FA25.
Nature of the retrospection election
The retrospection election will apply on a group basis. It will also apply to any joint venture groups owned by the consolidated group that makes the election.
HMRC does not need to be notified that an election has been made. The retrospection election is in effect made when the group submits a self-assessment return that has been prepared on the basis that the election has been made.
Once an election has been made, it cannot be revoked.
An election will apply to every accounting period beginning before 31 December 2024, and cannot be made for only certain accounting periods (where there is more than one due to an accounting period of less than a year).
Conditions
The following conditions must be met for a retrospection election to be valid:
- the election must be made on or before the day on which the first self-assessment return or below-threshold notification for the first accounting period beginning on or after 31 December 2023 is submitted, and
- written consent must be given by all relevant members (see below).
Therefore, the group should obtain written consent by the date the self-assessment return is submitted.
See MTT53000 for guidance on the self-assessment return filing date.
Written consent
An election cannot be made without the written consent of:
- every person chargeable to DTT (see MTT65020) that has (or would have) a DTT top-up amount or additional top-up amount for any period beginning prior to 31 December 2024, as a result of their membership of the group, under the following assumptions:
- the retrospection election has been made, and
- an election under section 271 to make a single member liable for DTT has not been made (see MTT65040)
- every qualifying entity which has (or would have) DTT top-up amounts or additional top-up amounts for any period beginning prior to 31 December 2024, under those assumptions, and
- every
responsible member of the group other than the filing member (see MTT61030).
In effect, written consent is required from every responsible member and every member of the group that (disregarding any election to make a single member liable) will have a DTT top-up amount or additional top-up amount when the retrospection election has been made.
The filing member should retain evidence that the election was made and retain any records of written consent given in accordance with the record-keeping requirements (see MTT51500).
Where:
- the filing member was unaware that a member needed to give consent at the time the election was made,
- it was reasonable for the filing member to consider that the consent of that member was not required, and
- the filing member obtains written consent from that person within a period of 60 days beginning on the day the filing member realised that the person needed to provide consent,
That written consent is treated as having been given prior to the election being made.
Requirement for written consent where companies have been struck off
The rules around the retrospection election were set in large part to ensure that no company within a group could have its liability retrospectively increased without its consent.
There are limited circumstances in which a member of a group which has been liquidated or struck off is, on the face of the law, required to consent to a retrospection election. Since the retrospection election clause was not published until late in 2024, groups may have liquidated members before this time, when they could not have been aware that it would impact their ability to make a retrospection election.
A company should not have been struck off or liquidated in circumstances where it was anticipating a DTT liability for the 2024 period. Therefore, the consent of struck off companies to a retrospection election should only potentially be required in the following two cases:
- the struck off company had no liability at the time it was struck off, but would acquire one as a result of the retrospection election.
- the struck off company would have had a liability at the time it was struck off, or as a consequence of the retrospection election, but a section 271 election to make a single member liable for DTT was in effect at the time it was struck off.
In these cases, HMRC will accept that consent of the struck off company is not required for the retrospection election to be made, as long as a valid section 271 election is in effect for the relevant periods.
Amendments subject to the retrospection election
The table below sets out the package of amendments to which the retrospection election applies.
Where an election is made these amendments will all take effect for accounting periods beginning on or after 31 December 2023 for all members of the group.
Amendments are included in the retrospection election even where HMRC considers the amendment to be entirely clarificatory. Therefore, it should not be inferred that an alternate interpretation of the original legislation is acceptable because an amendment has been made subject to the retrospection election.
Amendment title |
Amended or inserted section(s) of Finance (No.2) Act 2023 |
Paragraph of Schedule 4, FA25 |
Multinational Top-up Tax manual reference |
---|---|---|---|
Use of substituted values |
Sections 137A and 197 |
Paragraph 12 |
|
Flow-through entities |
Sections 168, 169, 170, 178, and 240 |
Paragraphs 13-17 |
|
Blended CFC regimes |
Sections 180 and 180A |
Paragraph 25 |
|
No allocation of deferred tax assets and liabilities under blended CFC regimes |
Section 180 |
Paragraph 26 |
|
Cross-border allocation of current tax under cross-crediting regimes |
Section 181A |
Paragraph 27 |
|
Cross-border allocation of deferred tax |
Section 181B |
Paragraph 28 |
|
Extension of qualifying foreign tax credits |
Section 183 |
Paragraph 29 |
|
Deferred tax recapture |
Section 184 |
Paragraph 30 |
|
Existing deferred tax assets and liabilities arising under blended CFC regimes |
Section 185 |
Paragraph 31 |
|
Substance based income exclusion: permanent establishments and flow-through entities |
Sections 195-198, 198ZA, 198ZB, and 198ZC |
Paragraphs 32-35 |
|
Eligible payroll costs |
Section 196 |
Paragraph 36 |
|
Additional top-up amounts |
Sections 203 and 206 |
Paragraph 37 and 38 |
|
Joint ventures |
Sections 226, 227 and 266 |
Paragraphs 39-41, except paragraph 39(d) |
|
Allocation of DTT |
Sections 270 and 272 (substitution of section 193) |
Paragraphs 42 and 43 |
|
DTT excluded entities |
Section 267 |
Paragraph 44 |
|
De minimis rule |
Sections 199 and 228 |
Paragraph 45 |
|
Transitional safe harbour |
Part 2, Schedule 16 |
Paragraph 46 |
|
Inclusion ratio |
Sections 201 and 223 |
Paragraphs 49 and 50 |
|
Minor amendments |
Sections 141, 148A, 170, 171, 176B. 176C. 176D, 212, 215, 216, 217, 222, 242, 255, Schedule 14 |
Paragraphs 53 to 71, except paragraph 66. |
MTT21140, MTT21420, MTT41450, MTT42010, MTT25400, MTT41200, MTT44030, MTT45170, MTT21290, MTT25300, MTT45150, MTT17000, MTT51100, MTT51450 |
Amendments that apply retrospectively regardless of the retrospection election
The table below sets out the amendments which apply retrospectively whether or not the retrospection election has been made.
These amendments take effect from the implementation date of MTT.
These amendments are those which HMRC considers to be beneficial to taxpayers in all circumstances. However, amendments that reflect unilateral UK policy choices are included in the retrospection election, even if they would otherwise fall into this category.
Amendment title |
Amended or inserted section(s) of F(No.2)A23 |
MTT guidance manual reference |
|
---|---|---|---|
Permanent establishments as excluded entities |
127 |
Paragraph 11 |
|
Joint venture conditions |
226 |
Paragraph 39(d) |
|
Removal of requirement for SBIE election |
195 |
Paragraph 48 |
|
Specification of territories and taxes |
241, 246, Schedule 16A |
Paragraph 51 |
|
Filing etc not required before 30 June 2026 |
Schedule 14 |
Paragraph 52 |
|
Minor amendment (top-up amount of investment entity) |
220 |
Paragraph 66 |
Amendments that apply prospectively regardless of the retrospection election
The table below sets out the amendments which apply prospectively whether or not the retrospection election has been made.
These amendments take effect for periods beginning on or after 31 December 2024, except for the anti-arbitrage rule.
The anti-arbitrage rule was announced by ministerial statement on 14 March 2024, and the provision applies prospectively from that date in accordance with paragraph 42(2). Paragraph 42(3)-(5) consists of minor consequential changes which apply prospectively for periods beginning on or after 31 December 2024.
Amendment title |
Amended or inserted section(s) of F(No.2)A23 |
MTT guidance manual reference |
|
---|---|---|---|
Tax equity partnerships |
176D-176F |
Paragraph 18-24 |
|
Joint venture conditions |
226 |
Paragraph 39(a)-(c) |
|
Transitional safe harbour anti-arbitrage rule |
Sch16, paras 6A and 6B; Sch16 para 4; section 155; Sch17 |
Paragraph 47 |