IEIM403260 - Due Diligence: Pre-Existing Entity Accounts: Thresholds
Due Diligence: Pre-Existing Entity Accounts: Thresholds
For both the regimes there is an optional threshold exemption that can be applied to pre-existing entity accounts where the account balance or value does not exceed an amount equivalent to $250,000. The exemption is applied by the Financial Institution making an election. The effect of the election is that the Financial Institution is not required to review or report any of its pre-existing entity accounts within the de minimis threshold or, where the election instead provides, a clearly identifiable group of such accounts (for example, accounts held by a particular line of business).
The election is made on the electronic return of information to HMRC. A Financial Institution wishing to apply the election will need to register on the HMRC portal [see Automatic Exchange of Information: registering and reporting guidance - Publications - GOV.UK] and complete the appropriate notification of election on the return even if there are no accounts to report. Currently the portal has no facility to apply multiple separate elections by business line where different approaches are taken by separate business units within the same legal entity. Affected entities wishing to make multiple elections should notify their usual HMRC point of contact, for example a Customer Compliance Manager.
If a Financial Institution chooses not to make an election to apply the threshold exemption it will need to review all pre-existing entity accounts in order to identify Reportable Accounts.
Where an election has been made to apply the de minimis threshold to an account, the Financial Institution must review the account balance at 31 December each year to determine if the balance has exceeded the relevant threshold (subject to the review dates for each regime). Where the threshold is exceeded for an account it becomes reviewable (that is, the due diligence procedures for pre-existing entity accounts must be applied). Where the account is identified as a Reportable Account, it is reportable from the year in which it was identified as so. This is explained further below.
Accounts becoming reviewable
For CRS, accounts become reviewable once the balance has been established as exceeding $250,000 at a review date. As all accounts exceeding that threshold must be subjected to due diligence and the process is the same under both the regimes, the benefit of the $1million threshold for review under FATCA is effectively lost where the review under CRS identifies US Specified Persons for FATCA as these accounts become reportable once identified as such.
| Date $250,000 de minimis election applies from | First account balance review date | Subsequent account balance review dates | Threshold at which account becomes reviewable | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FATCA | 30/06/2014 | 31/12/2015 | 31 December annually | $1,000,000 |
| CRS | 31/12/2015 | 31/12/2017 | 31 December annually | $250,000 |
Example
Bank A has applied the thresholds for pre-existing entity accounts for both regimes. The bank holds a Depository Account for Entity X, which has a balance at the relevant dates as follows:
30 June 2014 $187,000
31 December 2015 $208,000
31 December 2016 $312,000
31 December 2017 $623,000
At 31 December 2015 (the first account balance review date for FATCA) the balance does not exceed $1,000,000 and so would not be reviewable for FATCA or CDOT.
At 31 December 2016, the balance exceeds $250,000 but is still below $1,000,000 so is not reviewable for FATCA.
At 31 December 2017, the first review under the CRS, the balance exceeds $250,000. As a result, all accounts with a balance over $250,000, including this one, must be subjected to the due diligence procedures in the CRS. As a result, Entity X is identified as a US Specified Person and the account, having been so identified, is reportable for FATCA in respect of the 2017 reportable year.