Official Statistics

Tribunal Statistics Quarterly: January to March 2025

Published 12 June 2025

1. Main Points

This publication presents tribunals statistics for the latest quarter (January to March, Q4 2024/25), compared to the same quarter the previous year, alongside annual data for 2024/25. The collection page with links to the accompanying documents for this publication can be found here.

This publication does not include all the tribunals – figures for Upper Tribunal Immigration and Asylum (UTIAC) are excluded. The total of the remaining jurisdictions is referred to in the accompanying tables as the ‘Interim Total’ and has been provided to allow like-for-like comparisons over time.

Data from the missing tribunals will be published as soon as they become available and are quality assured.

The annual interim[footnote 1] totals of receipts and open caseload have increased, and disposals have decreased	In 2024/25 His Majesty’s Courts & Tribunals Service (HMCTS) recorded an 11% increase in the interim total for receipts, and a 9% decrease in the interim total for disposals, when compared to 2023/24. As receipts have exceeded disposals over this period, the interim total for open cases increased by 14% to 745,000 at the end of March 2025.
Annual SSCS open caseload increased, and receipts and disposals decreased	Compared to 2024/25, Social Security and Child Support (SSCS) receipts decreased by 3% and disposals decreased by 2%. Receipts have exceeded disposals over the last year, resulting in a 5% increase in open cases.
Annual FTTIAC receipts, disposals and open caseload all increased	First-tier Tribunal, Immigration and Asylum Chamber (FTTIAC) receipts and disposals both increased (by 36% and 4% respectively) in 2024/25 compared to the previous financial year. Over the last year, receipts have exceeded cases disposed of, leading to an increase in open caseload of 80%.
Annual Employment Tribunal receipts and disposals increased, while open caseload decreased [footnote 2]	Single Employment Tribunal (ET) receipts and disposals both increased, by 23% and 6% respectively in 2024/25, compared to the same period a year ago. Open caseload also increased by 32% over the same period as receipts have exceeded disposals over the last year. In 2024/25 Multiple ET claim receipts increased by 23% whilst disposals fell by 49% compared to 2024/25. Over this period, receipts exceeded disposals, resulting in a 9% rise in open caseload.
Annual Gender Recognition Certificates receipts, disposals and open cases increased	In 2024/25 there were 1,500 Gender Recognition Panel (GRP) applications received, 1,400 disposals and an open caseload of 1,000. Annual GRP receipts and disposals increased (by 9% and 10% respectively) in 2024/25, compared to 2023/24. Although both receipts and disposals have risen compared to the previous year, there have been more receipts than disposals, resulting in an increase in open caseload of 18%.

Proposed change to the publication

To undertake ongoing development work on these statistics we propose suspending the Q1 2025/26 publication, which would be released on 11th September. We will update both Q1 and Q2 2025/26 figures together in the Q2 2025/26 statistics due to be published on 11th December. This will enable us to do crucial work to ensure the statistics continue to meet the broadest group of user needs and incorporate the latest technology to provide quality data and analysis for users.

Following transition to the new reform system, the new data platform provides opportunities to develop the data and products available through these statistics further, including the potential for:

• development of a visualisation dashboard to go alongside the current tables
• expanding the timeliness information available to show a trend of the timeseries
• Investigating possible changes in data collection for SEND to ensure the future quality of this granular data

If you have any concerns, suggestions or comments regarding the above, please contact us at CAJS@justice.gov.uk by 25th July 2025.

2. Statistician’s Comment

Tribunals judicial sittings remained stable in 2024/25 compared to 2023/24. Over 2024/25, Tribunals receipts have shown an 11% increase compared to the same period in 2023/24. At the same time, disposals decreased by 9%, resulting in a 14% increase in open caseload. The rise in receipts was driven predominantly by a sharp upturn in FTTIAC claims in the second half of 2024/25, alongside a continued increase in SEND claims and a year-on-year rise in both single and multiple employment claims. Although disposals decreased in the last year, it was driven by a large ET multiple claims settlement in 2023/24, making 2024/25 values comparatively smaller.

Annual data on adjournments, postponements and sitting days by jurisdiction is included for 2024/25 financial year. The SSCS tribunals continue to account for the majority (about four fifths) of reported adjournments, and have increased by 11% compared to 2023/24.

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3. Overview of Tribunals

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The Receipts interim total was 420,000 and disposals interim total was 315,000 in 2024/25

In 2024/25, HMCTS recorded a 11% increase in the interim total for receipts, and a 9% decrease in the interim totals for disposals, when compared to the previous financial year. Over the year, receipts exceeded disposals, and open caseload interim total increased by 14%, to 745,000, at the end of the period.

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This publication does not include Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) data since Q2 of 2021/22 and Employment Tribunals data for Q1 2021/22 due to database migration as stated above. The total of the remaining jurisdictions is referred to in this publication and accompanying tables as the ‘Interim Total’ and has been provided to allow consistent year-on-year comparisons over time.

This summary bulletin focuses mainly on the Social Security and Child Support (SSCS) tribunal, the First-tier Tribunal Immigration and Asylum Chamber (FTTIAC), and the Employment Tribunal as they made up the majority (81%) of tribunal interim receipts in January to March 2025:

• Social Security and Child Support (SSCS) - 28% of receipts
• Employment Tribunal – single and multiple (ET) - 31% of receipts
• First-tier tribunal Immigration and Asylum Chamber (FTTIAC) - 22% of receipts

Figure 3.1: Receipts and disposals interim totals, Q4 2020/21 to Q4 2024/25 (Source: Tables S_2 and S_3)

Figure 3.2: Open caseload^{[footnote 3]} interim totals, Q4 2020/21 to Q4 2024/25 (Source: Table S_4)

The charts above show the trends in receipts, disposals and open caseload over the last five years for SSCS, FTTIAC, ET (single + multiple claims), and all tribunals (using the Interim Total measure).

In January to March 2025, overall interim receipts increased by 21% compared to January to March 2024. This was driven by increases in multiple Employment Tribunal and First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) (by 52% and 45% respectively).

Overall interim disposals decreased by 24% in January to March 2025 (to 78,000). This decrease is driven by the Employment Tribunal (single and multiple claims) disposing of 65% less cases in January to March 2025 compared to January to March 2024. This is as a result of a disposal of bulk multiple claims for equal pay against Glasgow City Council, which resulted in an increase in multiple claims disposals in January to March 2024, making the current quarter’s figure comparatively low. SSCS and FTTIAC disposals increased by 5% and 15% respectively over the same period.

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4. Social Security and Child Support

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In 2024/25, Social Security and Child Support (SSCS) receipts and disposals decreased (by 3% and 2% respectively) when compared to 2023/24. Open caseload increased (by 5%) over the same period.

Of the 117,000 disposals in 2024/25 61% were cleared at a hearing and of these, 60% had the initial decision revised in favour of the claimant (compared to 62% and 62% in the same period in 2023/24 respectively).

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Figure 4.1: Social Security and Child Support receipts and disposals, Q4 2020/21 to Q4 2024/25 (Source: Tables SSCS_1 and SSCS_2)

Figure 4.2: Social Security and Child Support open caseload, Q4 2020/21 to Q4 2024/25 (Source: Table SSCS_4)

Following a drop due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, SSCS receipts increased significantly from Q2 2021/22 and have remained relatively stable since Q1 2022/23.

In 2024/25, there were 133,000 SSCS receipts, a decrease of 3% compared to 2023/24. Over the same period, disposals decreased by 2% to 117,000 in 2024/25. Open caseload stood at 82,000 at the end of the 2024/25 financial year (March 2025), an increase of 5% compared to the same time last year.

SSCS receipts increased by 8% this quarter, to 34,000 appeals, compared to January to March 2024. This was driven by an increase in Personal Independence Payment (by 13%), which accounted for 64% of all SSCS receipts in January to March 2025.

In January to March 2025, SSCS disposals increased by 5% when compared to the same period in 2024 (from 29,000 in Q4 2023/24 to 30,000 in Q4 2024/25). PIP made up nearly two thirds of SSCS disposals (61%).

Of the disposals made by the SSCS tribunal, 19,000 (65%) were cleared at hearing, and of these, 59% were overturned in favour of the customer (up from 57% and down from 62% on the same period in 2024 respectively). This overturn rate varied by benefit type, with PIP at 66%, Disability Living Allowance (DLA) 55%, Employment Support Allowance (ESA) 49%, and UC 49%. The PIP, DLA, ESA and UC overturn rates mostly decreased compared with January to March 2024 (PIP, DLA, and UC down 3, down 8, and down 6 percentage points respectively, and ESA up 4 percentage points).

There were 82,000 SSCS open caseload at the end of March 2025, an increase of 5% compared to the same period in 2024. SSCS open caseload decreased gradually between Q4 2017/18 and Q2 2021/22 (from a peak of 125,000 to 32,000), only rising in Q3 2019/20. However, SSCS open caseload has started to rise again, increasing each quarter except Q4 2023/24 and Q2 2024/25.

Of those cases disposed of by the SSCS tribunal in January to March 2025, the mean age of a case at disposal was 32 weeks, a 3 weeks increase compared to the same period in 2024 (see table T_2).

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5. Immigration and Asylum

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First-tier Tribunal Immigration and Asylum Chamber (FTTIAC)

In 2024/25, FTTIAC receipts increased by 36% to 79,000, compared to 2023/24. Disposals increased by 4% (to 41,000), over the same period.

In the same period, open caseload increased by 80% (to 90,000).

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Figure 5.1: First-tier Tribunal Immigration and Asylum Chamber receipts and disposals, Q4 2020/21 to Q4 2024/25 (Source: Tables FIA_1 and FIA_2)

Figure 5.2: First-tier Tribunal Immigration and Asylum Chamber open caseload, Q4 2020/21 to Q4 2024/25 (Source: Table FIA_4)

After a period of stability in 2022/23 following recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, receipts rose steeply in 2023/24 and 2024/25 driven by increases in Asylum/Protection/Revocation of Protection (AP), due to the Home Office’s work to tackle the backlog of legacy asylum claims. In 2024/25 receipts increased by 36% (to 79,000) compared to 2023/24. The number of Asylum/Protection (AP) receipts makes up half (51%) of all FTTIAC receipts.

Overall, FTTIAC receipts have increased by 45% in Q4 2024/25 compared to the same period in 2023/24. AP receipts increased by 35% (to 14,000) over the same time period, and are at the highest quarterly volume in the time series. European Economic Area (EEA) Free Movement receipts also increased by 97% to 7,100 compared to Q4 2023/24, which is likely caused by a change in the appeal process that removed the administrative part of this review. As a result, the first action an appellant can take is now appealing to the tribunal. AP and EEA proportionally represented 53% and 27% of all FTTIAC quarterly receipts respectively (down 4 and up 7 percentage points respectively from a year ago).

In January to March 2025, FTTIAC disposals increased by 15% to 11,000. This rise in disposals was driven by an increase in Asylum/Protection/Revocation of Protection disposals (by 79%), which made up the largest proportion (49%) of all FTTIAC disposals in January to March 2025, up from 31% a year ago. In contrast, Human Rights decreased by 25% to 3,000 over the same period.

Of the disposals made in the FTTIAC this quarter, 59% were determined i.e. a decision was made by a judge at a hearing or on the papers (compared to 67% in Q4 2023/24); 20% were withdrawn (compared to 18% in Q4 2023/24); 6% were struck out for non-payment of the appeal fee (compared to 4% in Q4 2023/24), and 8% were invalid or out of time (compared to 5% in Q4 2023/24). Two fifths (42%) of the 6,700 cases determined at a hearing or on the papers were allowed/granted, although this varied by case type (43% of Asylum/Protection, 48% of Human Rights and 35% of EEA Free Movement appeals were allowed/granted).

In the FTTIAC, the mean time taken to clear appeals across all categories is at 50 weeks this quarter, which is 7 weeks longer compared to the same period a year ago. Asylum/Protection, Human Rights and EEA Free Movement had mean times taken of 54, 51, and 42 weeks respectively.

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Upper Tribunal Immigration and Asylum Chamber Judicial Reviews (UTIAC JRs)

In 2024/25 UTIAC judicial review receipts increased by 21%, to 3,600, compared to the previous financial year. Disposals increased by 43% to 4,900 whilst open caseload fell by 9%, to 1,300, compared to 2023/24.

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In 2024/25, there were 3,600 Immigration and Asylum Judicial Review receipts, a 21% increase compared to 2023/24. 4,900 cases were disposed of in 2024/25, a 43% increase compared to 2023/24. Open caseload stood at 1,300 at the end of the financial year (March 2025), a decrease of 9% compared to 2023/24.

In January to March 2025, there were 1,000 Immigration and Asylum Judicial Review receipts and 1,200 disposals, an increase of 5% and a decrease of 2% respectively on January to March 2024.

Of the 1,200 Immigration and Asylum Judicial Reviews disposed of, 41% were determined and 2% were transferred to the Administrative Court. The remaining 57% were in the ‘Other’ category, which includes cases that were withdrawn or not served.

During January to March 2025, 640 UTIAC Judicial Review applications were determined by paper hearing, of which 20% were allowed to continue to the substantive hearing stage. A further 50 were reconsidered at an oral renewal, of which 88% were allowed to continue to the substantive hearing stage. There were 17 substantive hearings which were determined in January to March 2025 of which 6% were granted in favour of the appellant (see table UIA_3).

Over the last year, disposals exceeded receipts, which means open caseload fell by 9%, to 1,300, at the end of March 2025.

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6. Employment Tribunals

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Employment Tribunal single cases

In 2024/25, the Employment Tribunal received 42,000 single claim receipts and disposed of 32,000 single claim cases. There were 45,000 single claim open caseload at the end of March 2025.

Employment Tribunal lead multiple cases

There were 2,400 lead multiple cases received and 2,100 cases disposed of in 2024/25. The number of open lead cases stood at 6,800 at the end of 2024/25. These lead multiples cover 73,000 Multiple claim receipts, 37,000 disposals and an open caseload of 446,000 at the end of March.

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Employment Tribunals transitioned to a new database (Employment Case Management) during March to May 2021. It has not been possible to provide full results from both databases during this migration period on a consistent basis. Therefore, Employment Tribunal (ET) data is not available for Q1 2021/22, and as a result we are unable to present data for the full financial year of 2021/22.

Figures in the summary (S1, S2, S3 and S4) tables of the main tables include data from both legacy and Reform case management systems. Numbers in ET_R tables include only Reform single claim cases, and so will not match figures in the summary tables.

The total figures reported in the bulletin, unless specified otherwise, are produced from a combination of systems (ECM Reform and ECM Legacy) using a temporary tactical solution. We estimate there is a slight overcounting of approximately 4,500 Receipts across the series in total since July 2022, and 4,000 Open cases. We aim to revise the figures later this year following migration of all data to the Reform system.

The Jurisdictional breakdown for receipts, disposals, open caseload, and timeliness is now available for Single Employment Tribunals (ET) on the Reform system only. This has been reintroduced to the publication in the ET_R and timeliness tables within the main tables to benefit the broadest range of user needs. Please note ET Jurisdictional and Timeliness data on the Legacy ECM will not be available as we cannot accurately derive this data from the legacy system. However, additional data will be added to these tables as multiple cases and the remainder of the single cases transfer to the Reform system. A timetable for the roll out to Reform is included in our Tribunals guide here.

In Q4 2024/25, there were 37,000 Employment Tribunals (ET) receipts, 30% (11,000) of which were single claims receipts, and the remaining 70% (26,000) were multiple claims receipts, within 550 lead multiple cases. The ET disposed of 15,000 claims in Q4 2024/25. At the end of Q4 2024/25, there were 491,000 open claims.

Figure 6.1: Employment Tribunals single and multiple claims receipts and disposals, Q4 2020/21 to Q4 2024/25 (Source: Tables S_2 and S_3)

• Note that the axes for single and multiple claims use different scales

Figure 6.2: Employment Tribunals single and multiple claims open caseload, Q4 2020/21 to Q4 2024/25 (Source: Table S_4)

• Note that the axes for single and multiple claims use different scales

Single claim open caseload (at 45,000) surpassed the previous peak of 44,000 in Q3 2020/21, and increased by 32% compared to the same period in 2023/24.

There were 26,000 multiple claims received this quarter. Multiple claims tend to be more volatile as they can be skewed by a high number of claims against a single employer.

The peaks seen in the disposal chart in Q3 2021/22, Q3 2023/24 and Q4 2023/24 are due to large spikes in multiple claims:

• A dismissal judgment was issued in December 2021 for 48,000 British Airways claims covering 71,000 jurisdictions. These claims had been withdrawn over a number of years but given the volume and restrictions with the old case management system these had not been formally closed until now, hence the spike.
• Between November 2023 and March 2024 a bulk case of multiple claims for equal pay against Glasgow City Council have been settled and subsequently withdrawn, resulting in the spike in disposals in Q3 and Q4 2023/24.

The 7,400 receipts and 3,400 disposals single claims on the Reform system covered 17,000 jurisdictional complaints receipts and 6,900 jurisdictional complaints disposals in Q4 2024/25, while the 16,000 open caseload covered 36,000 jurisdictional complaints at the end of this period. The cases have been undergoing a gradual roll-out, which makes value comparisons to the same period last year meaningless until case numbers stabilise. As such, we will provide proportional comparisons only.

Four jurisdictions make up around 60% of total receipts over the last year: Unfair dismissal, Breach of Contract, Disability discrimination and Unauthorised deductions (formerly Wages Act). These account for 22%, 14%, 13%, and 12% respectively of the total jurisdictional complaints receipts in Q4 2024/25, up 2, up 2, down 3, and up 1 percentage points respectively compared to the same period last year. This is also reflected in the open caseload, with the same jurisdictions making up almost 60% of open cases in Q4 2024/25.

The jurisdictions with the largest number of disposals remain volatile, although this is expected to stabilise as reform is embedded across all areas. In Q4 2024/25, these were Unfair dismissal (23%, up 3 percentage points compared to the same period last year), Breach of Contract (15%, up 6 percentage points), Unauthorised deductions (15%, up 9 percentage points), and Disability discrimination (11%, down 11 percentage points). In contrast, Disability discrimination was the largest contributor in Q4 2023/24, followed by Unfair Dismissal, Breach of Contract, and Public Interest Disclosure (which dropped from a 9% contribution in Q4 2023/24 to 5% in Q4 2024/25, and is not a top contributor anymore).

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7. Gender Recognition Certificates

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1,500 Gender Recognition Panel (GRP) applications were received and 1,400 were disposed of in 2024/25; 1,000 applications were pending at the end of March 2025

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The GRP received 500 applications this quarter, the highest number in the timeseries and an increase of 36% compared to January to March 2024. Of the 260 applications disposed of, a full Gender Recognition Certificate (GRC) was granted in 82% of cases (220 full GRCs), the same proportion compared to the same period in 2024 (where 220 full GRCs were granted out of 270 disposals).

GRP receipts have increased annually since 2017/18, following a reduction in the application fee in May 2021 from £140 to £5, and the move to an online application process in July 2022. This has come at the same time as an increase in the open caseload. Open caseload reached 1,000 cases in Q4 2024/25, 18% higher than the same quarter in 2023/24, and the highest level in the timeseries.

Since April 2005/06, when the Gender Recognition Act 2004 came into effect, 61% of interim certificates (170 of the 380 interim GRCs granted) have been converted to a full GRC, 52% of which were converted within 30 weeks. No interim certificates were converted to a full GRC between January to March 2025. The Divorce, Dissolution and Separation Act (2020), which took effect from 6th April 2022, changed the process for no fault divorces, reducing the need for interim certificates; we therefore expect to see a considerable drop in these.

Of the 220 full certificates granted in January to March 2025, 14 were for married applicants and 200 for single applicants. 110 (50%) of the individuals granted full certificates were registered male at birth while 110 (50%) were registered female at birth.

Figure 7.1: Applications for Gender Recognition Certificates received, disposed of and pending, Q4 2020/21 to Q4 2024/25 (Source: Tables GRP_1 and GRP_2)

Figure 7.2: Full Gender Recognition Certificates granted by year of birth, Q4 2020/21 to Q4 2024/25 (Source: Table GRP_4)

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8. Adjournments and Postponements

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SSCS adjournments increased from 19,000 in 2023/24 to 21,000 in 2024/25. FTTIAC adjournments decreased from 2,100 to 1,600 over the same period.

SSCS postponements increased from 10,000 in 2023/24 to 11,000 in 2024/25. FTTIAC postponements decreased from 1,000 to 880 over the same period.

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From 2021/22 First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) data for adjournments and postponements is taken from the old case management system (ARIA) only as data from Core Case Data (CCD) is not yet available. As cases have moved to CCD, ARIA only overs 10% of these cases in 2024/25, therefore, caution should be taken when making comparisons between years. This data will be included in our reporting when quality assurance is completed on the new platform.

Social Security and Child Support tribunals had the largest number of adjournments (21,000) which accounted for 20% of SSCS listed hearings (up 2 percentage points on 2023/24). Mental Health tribunals had the smallest proportion of listed hearings that were adjourned 7% of all Mental Health hearings listed in 2024/25, down 1 percentage points on 2023/24.

The postponement process is different for each tribunal, as such, care must be taken when comparing the postponement figures. As an example, in the SEND tribunal, the case is listed for hearing when the appeal is registered without confirming availability of the parties to attend on that date, whereas in SSCS the date is only set when the parties agree a date. This results in a high number of postponements for the SEND tribunals as the parties may not be able to attend on the scheduled date. This can be for various reasons. These may include holidays; illness; key witnesses unavailable on the date of the hearing; the case simply not ready for hearing or where the tribunal is able to hear an appeal sooner with parties’ consent.

We are currently reviewing the methodology to calculate adjournments and postponements for the SEND tribunal following the alignment in the calculation of sitting days for this tribunal to ensure consistency. Therefore, these figures for 2024/25 are not currently available and will be updated later this year when this process is complete.

Figure 8.1: Percentage of listed hearings Adjourned and Postponed – by jurisdiction, 2024/25 (Source: Table APJ_1)

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9. Tribunal Judicial Salaried and Fee-Paid sittings by Jurisdiction

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Fee Paid sittings accounted for 61% of all tribunal judicial sittings in 2024/25, while salaried sittings accounted for 39%. Of the 104,000 fee-paid judicial sittings in 2024/25, 64% were for the Mental Health and SSCS tribunals.

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The recording of Sitting days varies greatly across Tribunals:

• Interlocutory (Chambers) days are not included within the sitting days calculations for the Immigration and Asylum Chamber, SSCS or ET tribunals but these are included for the Mental Health tribunal.
• For SSCS, judicial sittings relate to half-day sessions and therefore the SSCS figures are not comparable to the other tribunal sitting days.

Special tribunals sitting days data from 2022/23 has been revised in Q4 2024/25 to ensure these are reported using consistent methodology across tribunals where possible. As a result, caution should be used when comparing timeseries prior to this revision for special tribunals. As part of this process, SEND reporting moved from using sessions (for which there can be multiple instances in one day) to full days, which more than halved the sitting days reported in 2022/23. This has been revised in the tables.

Mental Health (28%), SSCS (23%) and Employment (20%) judicial sittings continue to make up a large proportion of all sittings

In 2024/25, there were 40,000 SSCS judicial sittings, down 10% (from 44,000) on 2023/24. In the same period, Mental Health judicial sitting days increased by 2% to 47,000.

The vast majority of sittings in the Mental Health and SSCS tribunals were fee-paid, whilst the majority of Employment sitting days were salaried

Judicial sitting days at the SSCS continued their downward trend seen since 2018/19, with 40,000 sittings, a decrease of 10% compared to 2023/24. The majority of these sittings were fee-paid (63%).

Mental health sittings increased this year by 2% (to 47,000), of which 89% were fee-paid.

The number of judicial sitting days at the FTTIAC increased by 7% to 16,000 in 2024/25.

Figure 9.1: Judicial Salaried and Fee-paid Judicial Sittings, 2024/25 (Source: Tables JSFP_1 & JSFP_2)

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10. Other Tribunals

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Special Educational Needs and Disability (SEND)

Increase in Special Educational Needs and Disability (SEND) receipts by 36% compared to 2023/24

Special Educational Needs and Disability (SEND) recorded 24,000 receipts in 2024/25, the highest amount in any year in the timeseries, and an increase of 36% compared to the previous year. In the same period, disposals also rose to their highest number in the timeseries at 19,000, and open caseload rose to 12,000, increases of 34% and 45% respectively.

SEN reforms in 2014 introduced Education Health and Care plans (EHCPs) and extended the provision of support from birth to 25 years of age. In addition, the National Trial which began in April 2018 enabled the Tribunal to make non-binding recommendations on the health and social care elements of the EHC plan. Those provisions were mainstreamed with effect from 1 September 2021.

Figure 10.1: Special Educational Needs and Disability (SEND) receipts, disposals and open caseload Q4 2020/21 to Q4 2024/25 (Source: Tables S_2, S_3, and S_4)

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SEND Rate of Appeal

The SEND appeal rate supplementary which is usually reported this quarter is not included in the publication. The SEND appeal rate is calculated from a combination of both HM Courts and Tribunals Service (HMCTS) and Department of Education (DfE) data. Due to a change in the DfE publication schedule, these statistics will now be published solely by the DfE in the Education, Health and Care Plan statistics, to avoid pre-empting the statistics from this publication. The next release will be on 26 June 2025.

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11. Further information

Rounding convention

Figures greater than 10,000 are rounded to the nearest 1,000, those between 1,000 and 10,000 are rounded to the nearest 100 and those between 100 to 1,000 are rounded to the nearest 10. Less than 100 are given as the actual number.

Accompanying files

As well as this bulletin, the following products are published as part of this release and can be accessed through the collection page here:

• A supporting document providing further information on how the data is collected and processed, as well as information on the revisions policy and legislation relevant to trends and background on the functioning of the tribunal system.

• The quality statement published with this guide sets out our policies for producing quality statistical outputs for the information we provide to maintain our users’ understanding and trust.

• A set of overview tables, covering each section of this bulletin.

• Tables detailing Employment Tribunal receipts by quarter and region. These tables contain only single claims registered on the new Reform case management system.

• A set of CSV files including data on overall receipts and disposals CSV, covering all tribunal types.

• Additional releases this quarter:

  • Update to the statistical notice on Immigration and Asylum (I&A) Detained Immigration Appeals (DIA) to include data to Q4 2024/25.

Future publications

Our statisticians regularly review the content of publications. Development of new and improved statistical outputs is usually dependent on reallocating existing resources. As part of our continual review and prioritisation, we welcome user feedback on existing outputs including content, breadth, frequency and methodology. Please send any comments you have on this publication including suggestions for further developments or reductions in content.

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OSR sets the standards of trustworthiness, quality and value in the Code of Practice for Statistics that all producers of official statistics should adhere to.

You are welcome to contact us directly with any comments about how we meet these standards.

Alternatively, you can contact OSR by emailing regulation@statistics.gov.uk or via the OSR website.

Contact

Press office - email: pressofficecourtslaw@justice.gov.uk

Other enquiries and feedback on these statistics should be directed to the Courts and People division of the Ministry of Justice:

Laura Jones or Maria Ionescu - email: CAJS@justice.gov.uk

Next update: 11 December 2025 (URL: www.gov.uk/government/collections/tribunals-statistics)

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1. The interim totals for the overall volumes of tribunal receipts, disposals and open caseload exclude the Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) for which the data is currently not available. See the main tables S_2, S_3 and S_4 for more information. ↩

2. Includes single and multiple Employment Tribunal claims. ↩

3. Open caseload is based on a snapshot in time based on the last day of each quarter. ↩