Accredited official statistics

Horticulture statistics 2024

Updated 26 June 2025

These statistics cover area, production, trade, and valuation of horticulture crops in the United Kingdom from 1985 to 2024. The published data is available in the accompanying dataset, including estimated data for individual fruit and vegetable varieties and aggregated ornamental production.

Key Messages

• The value of home-produced vegetables increased by 2.1% to just over £2 billion in 2024, with production volumes increasing by 2.3% to 2.4 million tonnes. There was an increase of 1.0% in the value of field vegetables, to £1.6 billion (£15 million increase) whilst the value of protected vegetables increased by 6.7% to £421 million (£26 million increase).
• Home produced fruit has increased in value to just under £1.1 billion, an increase of 4.5% compared to 2023, with production volumes decreasing 0.5% to 579 thousand tonnes. There was an increase of 5.5% in the value of fruit grown in the open, to just over £1 billion (£54 million increase) whilst the value of glasshouse fruit decreased by 12% to £52 million (£6.9 million decrease).
• UK ornamentals were worth £1.7 billion in 2024, a decrease of 0.3% compared to 2023.

Figure 1 - Value of fresh fruit, vegetables, and ornamentals, 2023 and 2024 (£ million)

Value	2023	2024
Vegetables	1986	2028
Fruit	1037	1084
Ornamentals	1706	1701

Key words

• Home produced - This relates to fruit, vegetables and ornamentals grown within the UK.
• Field vegetables -This refers to vegetables grown in the open, including roots, onions, brassicas and legumes.
• Protected vegetables - This refers to vegetables grown in a protected environment, glasshouse or polythene tunnel, including tomatoes and lettuce.
• Total Supply – This refers to overall availability of a crop; home produced + imports – exports = total supply.

Section 1 – Vegetables

1.1 Vegetable production, supply and value.

Figure 2 - Home produced vegetables as a percentage of total supply (£ million)

Figure 3 - Total supply of vegetables (thousand tonnes)

Year	Supply
2016	4,805
2017	4,753
2018	4,595
2019	4,700
2020	4,655
2021	4,534
2022	4,330
2023	4,296
2024	4,466

• Home production increased by 2.3% to 2.4 million tonnes and the value increased by 2.1% to £2 billion.
• Total supply increased by 3.9% to 4.5 million tonnes. Imports of vegetables increased by 5.6% to 2.2 million tonnes and exports decreased by 0.9% to 75 thousand tonnes.
• Home production of vegetables contributed to around 53% of the total UK supply in 2024, compared to 54% in 2023.
• See tables 13 to 16 in the dataset for individual crop details of production.

In 2024, the value of vegetable production rose by 2.1% to just over £2 billion, with total output increasing by 2.3% to 2.4 million tonnes. Despite this growth, the area planted with vegetables declined by 3.5% to 97 thousand hectares. Domestic production accounted for 53% of the UK’s total fresh vegetable supply, down one percentage point from 2023.

The year began with an exceptionally wet spring which led to significant delays to crop planting and disruptions to planned harvesting schedules. However, the weather turned more favourable from mid-July to mid-September, with dry conditions supporting strong crop growth. A warmer-than-average autumn further aided crop ripening and helped growers recover lost ground in production timelines, though intermittent wet spells continued to present challenges.

The total planted area of brassicas declined by 5.0%, falling to 20 thousand hectares. A wet spring created challenging conditions for early planting, prompting some growers to relocate production from traditional areas such as Cornwall and Lincolnshire to rented land in the East Midlands and Suffolk. A reduction in the areas planted for brassicas was offset by production gains, resulting in an 8.1% increase in value to £372 million. Aphid numbers were low across the UK, apart from the West Midlands, where cabbage aphid populations were high from early to mid-summer. Emerging pest threats included turnip sawfly and swede midge, the latter capable of causing up to 30% blindness in young broccoli crops.

A dry summer and early autumn contributed to low overall disease pressure, although isolated issues with white blister and powdery mildew were reported.

Cabbage. Savoy cabbage is increasingly grown year-round, replacing some traditional summer varieties such as Primo types. The overall planted area, for all cabbage types, decreased by 7.4%, to 3,474 hectares, however, total production rose marginally by 0.2% to 132 thousand tonnes. The crop’s total value increased significantly, up 11% to £93 million.

Broccoli yields increased by 20%, reaching 11.1 tonnes per hectare (t/ha). Despite a 7.1% drop in market prices to £2.26 per kg, the overall value of the crop rose by 5.7% to £118 million, compared to 2023. Production increased by 14% to 73 thousand tonnes, while the planted area declined by 5.2% to 6,586 hectares.

Cauliflower yields rose sharply by 29%, achieving 11.8 t/ha. Market prices fell by 13% to £1.10 per head, nevertheless, the overall crop value grew by 6.0% to £85 million. Due to delayed spring planting, the planted area decreased by 6.2% to 7,786 hectares. Despite this, total production increased by 21% to 92 thousand tonnes.

Although wet and cold conditions hampered early carrot drilling, crops recovered well during the warm autumn, resulting in a higher yield estimate of 78.1 t/ha. The planted area decreased by 3.9%, falling to 10 thousand hectares.

Late-season crops were affected by cavity spot, violet root rot, and bacterial rots, which impacted quality in some fields. Despite these challenges, the value of the 2024 carrot crop increased by 1.3%, reaching £219 million, although the average market price fell by 8.1% to £0.61 per kg. Overall production rose by 8.1% to 785 thousand tonnes, driven by improved yields and favourable late season growing conditions.

1.2 Field vegetables

Figure 4 - Value of field vegetables (£ million)

Figure 5 - Production of field vegetables (thousand tonnes)

Year	Field vegetables
2016	2,286
2017	2,409
2018	2,198
2019	2,217
2020	2,281
2021	2,355
2022	2,135
2023	2,060
2024	2,108

• Field vegetables increased in value by 1.0% to £1.6 billion in 2024.
• Production at 2.1 million tonnes was an increase of 2.4% on 2023. The area used for field vegetables decreased by 3.5% to 97 thousand hectares.
• See tables 13 to 16 in the dataset for individual crop details of area, production and value for field vegetables.

Table 1 - Field vegetable total value and production

Calendar Year	2021	2022	2023	2024	% diff
Value (£ million)	1,346	1,379	1,591	1,607	1.0%
Production (million tonnes)	2.4	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.4%

1.3 Protected vegetables

Figure 6 - Value of protected vegetables (£ million)

Figure 7 - Production of protected vegetables (thousand tonnes)

Year	Protected vegetables
2016	305
2017	290
2018	275
2019	270
2020	269
2021	270
2022	248
2023	249
2024	254

• The value of protected vegetables increased by 6.7% in 2024 to £421 million.
• Production of protected vegetables rose by 1.9% in 2024 to 254 thousand tonnes, with the area used decreasing by 0.4%, to 804 hectares.
• See tables 17 and 18 in the dataset for individual crop details of area, production and value for protected vegetables.

Table 2 - Protected vegetable total value and production

Calendar Year	2021	2022	2023	2024	% diff
Value (£ million)	399	373	395	421	6.7%
Production (thousand tonnes)	270	248	249	254	1.9%

Section 2 – Fruit

2.1 Fruit production, supply and value

Figure 8 - Home produced fruit as a percentage of total supply

Figure 9 - Total supply of fruit (thousand tonnes)

Year	Supply
2016	4,472
2017	4,559
2018	4,234
2019	4,182
2020	4,041
2021	3,864
2022	3,908
2023	3,695
2024	3,843

• Home production contributed 15% of the total UK supply of fruit in 2024, down from the 2023 figure of 16% (see table 2 in the dataset).
• The value of fruit production increased by 4.5% to just under £1.1 billion.
• Fruit production fell by 0.5% to 579 thousand tonnes (583 thousand tonnes in 2023), with the area used reducing by 4.5% to 31 thousand hectares.
• Total supply of fruit increased by 4.0% to 3.8 million tonnes in 2024, imports increased 4.7% to 3.3 million tonnes and exports fell by 5.0% to 34 thousand tonnes.
• See tables 4 to 6 in the dataset for individual crop details of area, production and value for fruit.

The fruit sector faced challenging weather conditions in early 2024, with storms and heavy rainfall in January leading to widespread flooding and waterlogging. February was both the wettest and warmest on record, delaying orchard planting and tunnel construction. However, the absence of frost allowed pruning to proceed well. Difficult soil conditions persisted into late winter and spring, complicating the planting of strawberries, raspberries, and new orchards.

Table 3 - Fruit total value and production

Calendar Year	2021	2022	2023	2024	% diff
Value (£ million)	920	1,046	1,037	1,084	4.5%
Production (thousand tonnes)	574	668	583	579	-0.5%

Figure 10 - Value of fruit (£ million)

Figure 11 - Production of fruit (thousand tonnes)

Year	Production
2016	765
2017	750
2018	729
2019	686
2020	655
2021	574
2022	668
2023	583
2024	579

2.2 Soft Fruit

• The value of soft fruit (excluding glasshouse) decreased by 1.2% to £682 million, with the area planted remaining at 11 thousand hectares and production falling 4.2% to 138 thousand tonnes.

Strawberry crops (tunnelled, excluding glasshouse) were impacted by storms and flooding in January and February, which disrupted early crop management. The first flower trusses appeared at the end of February, with crops well into flowering by late March and picking started in the first week of May. Hot weather at the end of June triggered a temporary glut of fruit, followed by a period of tight supply in July, as cold, wet conditions slowed fruit development. As autumn progressed, picking slowed in late September and early October under increasingly wet, cold, and dull weather. The cropped area has continued to decline since peaking in 2021, with a further 3.1% reduction in 2024 (4,527 hectares) as farms prioritised their most productive areas and removed poorer performing blocks. Overall harvested yields were 4.3% lower than in 2023, at 21.8 t/ha, mainly due to variable weather conditions throughout the season. The value of the strawberry crop fell by 7.7% to £389 million, with average market prices down 0.6% at £4.16 per kg. Total production declined by 7.3%, to 99 thousand tonnes. Pests and diseases remain a challenge for growers. Aphids and spotted wing drosophila were key pest threats in 2024, while powdery mildew and grey mould (botrytis) continue to cause concern. With increasingly variable weather patterns and extended growing seasons pest management is becoming an even greater priority across the sector.

Raspberry crops were flowering by the end of March, with picking underway by the last week of May. Variable weather impacted fruit set and slowed yield build-up, though potted crops performed well, delivering good yields. Dull, wet weather in September slowed ripening, with picking slowing in October and early November as conditions deteriorated. The cropped area declined by 4.2% to 1,325 hectares, as growers focused on their most productive sites. The overall yield for 2024 was 2.7% higher than in 2023, reaching 11.9 t/ha. The average market price rose by 13% to £10.51 per kg, driving a 5.5% increase in total crop value (excluding glasshouse production) to £184 million. However, total production fell by 1.6% to 16 thousand tonnes, reflecting the reduced planted area. In 2024, raspberry crops faced ongoing challenges from pests such as aphids and spotted wing drosophila, which affected fruit quality and yield. Disease pressure remained moderate, with powdery mildew and botrytis (grey mould) being the most common issues, particularly during wet and humid periods.

2.3 Orchard fruit

• The value of orchard fruit increased by 22% to £350 million. The planted area fell by 6.8% to just under 20 thousand hectares with total production at 441 thousand tonnes, an increase 0.7%.
• The value of dessert apples increased by £41 million to £192 million in 2024, a 27% increase on 2023.

The value of culinary apples rose by 46% in 2024 to £46 million, driven by a 28% increase in market prices (£1.49 per kg) and a 20% rise in yields to 31 t/ha. The planted area declined by 9.3% to 2,048 hectares, while total production rose by 8.7% to 64 thousand tonnes. Changeable weather during flowering in May affected pollination, and subsequent fruitlet runoff reduced initial fruit set, but a good crop developed. There were concerns that waterlogged orchards might produce smaller fruit, but the absence of significant summer drought allowed for adequate fruit size, and yields exceeded expectations, significantly improving on 2023 results. Harvesting for the fresh market began around the usual time in the first week of August, with fruit for storage picked from late August through to the end of October. The grubbing of older, less productive orchards continued, as growers align planting with declining consumer demand. Pest and disease pressure in the crop was moderate, with apple scab the most widespread issue following a wet spring. Codling moth levels were high in many regions, with prolonged activity into late summer, while powdery mildew and canker remained a concern in some orchards. Overall, effective integrated pest and disease management helped maintain good fruit quality.

The area planted with Cox apples continues to decline, falling to 540 hectares in 2024, 13% lower than in 2023 (620 hectares) and 73% lower than in 2010 (1,993 hectares). Cold and changeable weather during flowering in May impacted yields, but a dry summer helped boost overall yields by 25% to 15 t/ha. Total output was 8.9% higher than in 2023, reaching 8.1 thousand tonnes. Declining consumer demand, combined with lower yields and higher production costs, continues to drive the replacement of Cox orchards with higher yielding, more popular varieties such as Gala, Braeburn, and Jazz. The total value of Cox apples rose by 23% to £11 million, with average market prices up 13% to £1.36 per kg. Pests and diseases remained a concern in 2024, particularly apple scab, which was widespread following a wet spring. Codling moth pressure was high, with extended flights impacting fruit quality, while powdery mildew and canker were noted in stressed or older orchards. Effective management was key to maintaining fruit quality in a challenging crop.

Jazz orchards produced high-quality fruit with good flavour, though yields declined from 35 t/ha in 2023 to 28 t/ha. Braeburn performed particularly well, with a strong and consistent fruit set and yields more than doubling year-on-year, from 21 t/ha in 2023 to 47 t/ha in 2024. Fruit quality, colour, and size were especially good in younger orchards.

Section 3 - Trade in fruit and vegetables

Figure 12 - Imports of fruit and vegetables (£ million)

Year	Veg imports	Fruit imports
2020	2,552	3,950
2021	2,370	3,733
2022	2,732	3,902
2023	3,101	4,040
2024	3,197	4,570

Figure 13 - Exports of fruit and vegetables (£ million)

Year	Veg exports	Fruit exports
2020	112	185
2021	73	63
2022	85	64
2023	82	70
2024	95	73

Table 4 - Fruit and vegetable trade values and volumes

Calendar Year	2021	2022	2023	2024	% diff
Imports value (£ million)
Veg Imports	2,370	2,732	3,101	3,197	3.1%
Fruit Imports	3,733	3,902	4,040	4,570	13%
Exports value (£ million)
Veg Exports	73	85	82	95	16%
Fruit Exports	63	64	70	73	5.2%
Imports volume (thousand tonnes)
Veg Imports	1,978	2,044	2,063	2,178	5.6%
Fruit Imports	3,327	3,277	3,148	3,298	4.7%
Exports volume (thousand tonnes)
Veg Exports	69	96	75	75	-0.9%
Fruit Exports	37	38	36	34	-5.0%

Source: HMRC

• Vegetable exports (including re-exports) were worth £95 million in 2024, 16% higher than 2023 whilst volumes decreased by 0.9% to 75 million tonnes.

• Vegetable imports cost £3.2 billion in 2024, a 3.1% increase on 2023 with volumes increasing by 5.6% to just under 2.2 million tonnes.

• Fruit exports (including re-exports) were worth £73 million in 2024, a 5.2% increase. Volumes of exports fell by 5.0% to 34 thousand tonnes.

• Fruit imports cost £4.6 billion in 2024, a 13% increase on 2023 with volumes increasing by 4.7% to 3.3 million tonnes.

Imports of fruit and vegetables to the UK by country of origin

Figure 14 - Vegetable imports by country as percentage of total value

Country	Percentage
Netherlands	7.4%
Spain	7.2%
Morocco	5.8%
Irish Republic	4.8%
Poland	4.8%

Figure 15 - Fruit imports by country as percentage of total value

Country	Percentage
South Africa	5.9%
France	5.4%
Morocco	5.1%
Spain	5.0%
Peru	4.1%

Figure 16 - Vegetable exports by country as percentage of total value

Country	Percentage
Irish Republic	15%
U.S.A.	12%
France	7.1%
Netherlands	6.8%
Poland	4.9%

Figure 17 - Fruit exports by country as percentage of total value

Country	Percentage
Netherlands	21%
Irish Republic	12%
Germany	8.8%
Turkey	7.7%
UAE	3.6%

Section 4 – Ornamentals

Figure 18 - Value of ornamentals (£ million)

• The value of production in the ornamental sector decreased by 0.3% to £1.7 billion between 2023 and 2024.
• In 2024, hardy nursery stock showed a 1.0% decrease in value to an estimated £1.2 billion.
• The pot plant sector saw a 3.8% increase in value to £343m.
• Flowers and bulbs showed a 3.1% decrease in value to an estimated £175m.

Adverse weather conditions delayed the planting of many field-grown crops this season, with some sown up to a month later than usual. Crop growth remained slow until conditions improved in June. A prolonged period of dull, cool, and intermittently wet weather contributed to lower-than-average summer temperatures, further constraining crop development. In response, growers applied higher-than-normal levels of fertiliser to optimise growth during what proved to be a shortened and challenging growing season. While most field-grown crops had largely recovered by season’s end, the performance of some first-year tree seedlings was below expectations. In addition, certain crops remained undersized and were left in the ground to mature further.

An increasing proportion of hardy nursery stock and Christmas trees were grown in containers, either in pots plunged into open ground or cultivated in substrate. This production method is gaining popularity as it typically yields a saleable tree more quickly than traditional field-growing techniques and produces plants that are lighter and easier to harvest, pack, and dispatch. Demand for container-grown stock is strongest among retailers and large garden centres. However, as these trees are more expensive than cut trees, they are generally less attractive to farm retail outlets.

In the container-grown nursery stock sector, a cold and wet start to the year dampened demand during key sales months. However, demand recovered from June onwards, particularly within the retail sector, where sales are highly weather-dependent. Amenity sales remained steady throughout the season, supported by the absence of major drought conditions, which can significantly disrupt planting programmes.

The protected ornamentals sector (bedding and pot plants) mirrored trends observed in 2023. Some growers again opted to reduce production across a range of products, responding to ongoing concerns about inflation, rising living costs, and increased input prices (including pots and growing media), which would otherwise translate into higher retail prices.

Table 5 - Value of ornamentals (£ million)

Calendar Year	2021	2022	2023	2024	% diff
Flowers and Bulbs	129	165	181	175	-3.1%
Pot Plants	325	285	330	343	3.8%
Hardy Ornamental Nursery Stock	1,169	1,127	1,195	1,183	-1.0%
UK Total:	1,623	1,577	1,706	1,701	-0.3%

4.1 Trade in Ornamentals

Figure 19 - Imports and exports of ornamentals (£ million)

Year	Imports	Exports
2020	1,228	68
2021	1,258	56
2022	1,534	49
2023	1,457	54
2024	1,458	49

• The value of ornamental imports remained static at £1.5 billion.
• Exports of ornamentals were worth £49 million in 2024, a 9.2% decrease on 2023 (see tables 26 and 27 in the dataset for more detail on imports and exports of ornamentals).

Figure 20 - Ornamental imports by country as percentage of total value

Country	Percentage
Netherlands	19%
Kenya	9.6%
Colombia	8.0%
Italy	6.2%
France	6.1%

Figure 21 - Ornamental exports by country as percentage of total value

Country	Percentage
Netherlands	25%
U.S.A.	20%
Iraq	8.7%
Egypt	8.2%
Irish Republic	5.1%

Section 5 – About these statistics

Methodology

Data presented in this Horticulture Statistics publication are at United Kingdom level only.

For England and Wales, an external provider collects data on area, yield and production for Defra under contract. The members of the Fruit Crop Intelligence Committees were contacted individually for their information. The ADAS Fruit Key Convenor made direct contact with individual growers, Producer Organisations, ADAS colleagues, independent consultants, propagators and cider makers to gather confidential information on top fruit planting, grubbing and yields. This combination of the confidential information and the output of the Crop Intelligence Committee members has given a high level of assurance for the data collection methodology and summary data. For the field vegetables sector, the contractor continued to maintain our increased network of industry contacts and gained further additional key contacts, particularly in the South-West. These contacts cover key individual producers, packers and consultants, in all key vegetable sectors. For the ornamentals sector, the contractor contacted a broad grower base that covers all sectors and targets larger companies, whilst ensuring that growers delivering across all market sectors (landscape, garden centres, DIY stores and retailers) were represented within the data.

For Scotland, the crop area data for fruit, vegetables and ornamentals come from the annual June Census. The latest edition of the Economic Report on Scottish Agriculture (ERSA), compiled by the Rural and Environmental Science and Analytical Services division (RESAS) in the Scottish Government (SG), includes information on the output and value of horticulture. Estimated prices use the previous year’s survey data adjusted by latest price data taken from the Glasgow Market price data. Yields and price data for strawberries and blackcurrants are derived from a postal survey of horticultural units. Yield data for other vegetables and orchard fruit uses data collected by Defra for crops grown in England and Wales.

For Northern Ireland, the Agricultural Census, which is an annual sample survey of farmers conducted in June, collects crop area data. Key industry contacts provide representative yield and farm-gate price data. These are compared across sources and against general trends and considering wider agronomic and market knowledge of each of the different sectors to ensure the data are credible and representative. Price data consider the end use of the produce and any price differentials to derive a representative weighted annual average price. The volume of output considers marketings in each particular year so for crops such as apples where the crop is marketed over two years, it will consider marketings from two seasons for each calendar year. Emphasis is placed on data for the main high value items with mushrooms being the main contributor and driver for horticulture. In this case data are obtained directly from industry and represent 75 per cent of total mushroom production.

Trade data are sourced by Defra through HM Revenue and Customs import and export records. Detailed commodity codes are used to identify specific categories.

Impartial intelligence gathered from a wide range of sources provides the evidence to make the estimates in this document. The associated meta-data provides more details.

Quality

The data are collected and collated along sector lines by specialist horticultural consultants, who are knowledgeable of the crops and various production methods for each sector. Standard operating procedures are in place for collecting and recording the data. In addition to the broad method which sources and compares information from different origins, estimates are compared against other official survey data figures where possible e.g. Defra June Survey. The figures are also checked for consistency and trend analysis against historic data. Quality assurance of the data is conducted by the project manager and a dedicated quality control manager. The list of growers and other contacts is regularly reviewed and maintained to ensure that it is kept up to date. Panel membership relevant to fruit data collection is kept under review to assist maintenance of up-to-date knowledge of the crops being reported.

In addition, an annual narrative highlighting the main factors that have affected crop areas and harvested production is provided to explain and justify the estimates, including any significant variation in yields, production and shifts in cropping area.

Due to the way in which the data are sourced, it is not possible to calculate standard errors or confidence intervals. The general target coverage in terms of area grown is to obtain cropping information based on at least 80% of the latest Defra published figure for horticulture. For crops where production is more dispersed i.e. grown by a relatively large number of smaller growers, this can be challenging, in such cases, greater reliance is placed on information on sources other than just the key growers.

Northern Ireland data was unavailable when the UK estimates were compiled. As a result, the 2024 figures for Northern Ireland were estimated using published historical data.

Revisions policy

Figures in the statistical notice and datasets for the latest year reported are provisional and subject to revision. We will provide information about any revisions we make to previously published information in the statistical notice and the associated datasets. Revisions could occur for various reasons, including when data from third parties is unavailable or provisional at the time of publishing.

Revisions

The 2023 figures are now final estimates. From previously published figures, changes have been made to the trade data (imports and exports). There have been revisions to vegetables, ornamentals, and fruit data from 2018 onwards, due to revised devolved authority data.

Data users

The UK government use these statistics to support policy makers and improve the profitability of the horticulture sector, to monitor productivity and competitiveness including supply and self-sufficiency, to inform growers and the trade about markets, and to assess the impact of disease outbreaks, e.g. E-coli.

Future publications

This is an annual release. The next release will be in June 2026.

Section 6 - What you need to know about this release

This section ensures any important information is clearly explained so users do not misunderstand the data.

Contact details

Responsible statistician: Lisa Brown
Email: crops-statistics@defra.gov.uk
Media enquiries: 0330 041 6560
Public enquiries: 020 802 66340

Accredited Official Statistics Status

Accredited official statistics are called National Statistics in the Statistics and Registration Service Act 2007. An explanation can be found on the Office for Statistics Regulation website.

These statistics were independently reviewed by the Office for Statistics Regulation in 2014. They comply with the standards of trustworthiness, quality and value in the Code of Practice for Statistics and should be labelled ‘accredited official statistics’.

Since the latest review by the Office for Statistics Regulation, we have continued to comply with the Code of Practice for Statistics and have enhanced data quality by reviewing methodologies and data sources.

You are welcome to contact us directly with any comments about how we meet these standards (see contact details above). Alternatively, you can contact OSR by emailing regulation@statistics.gov.uk or via the OSR website.

Section 7 - Glossary

• Planted Area (hectares) - This relates to the ‘planted’ area on which the crops are grown - excluding hedgerows etc. and excludes multi cropping. This area relates to the June survey area. In the case of orchards, it relates to the ‘tree’ area rather than the field area (this is in line with the Orchard Fruit Survey).
• Marketable Yield (t/ha) - This relates to the average tonnage harvested per planted hectare considering any waste losses (post-harvest). Wastage relates to any post-harvest item for which no income is obtained, such as storage losses, including both weight loss and rots.
• Marketable Production (tonnes) - The total figure for the harvested crop is derived from the planted area multiplied by harvested yield considering wastage figures (post-harvest).
• Multi Cropping - The cultivation of more than one crop on the same piece of land in one year. Multi-cropping is considered when calculating production and value. Multi cropping is not reflected in the areas.
• Farm-gate prices (in £/tonne) or value based on farm-gate price - The price the farmer is paid for their produce with no extra delivery or packaging costs.