Transparency data

Ministry of Defence Police use of force data: October to December 2019

Updated 9 February 2024

Summary

• 31 instances of use of force by Ministry of Defence Police Officers recorded during the period from 1 October 2019 to 31 December 2019
• the most common reason for use of force was to effect arrest: 23 instances
• the most commonly recorded impact factor was alcohol: 11 instances
• the most common perceived ethnicity of individuals subject to use of force was White: 25 out of 31 instances
• the most common outcome was arrested: 23 out of 31 instances.

Locations

In most cases, use of force by MDP Officers took place on street/highways: 18 recorded instances.

Table 1: Reasons for use of force^{[footnote 1]}

Use of Force reason	Count
Effect arrest	23
Prevent offence	15
Protect self	15
Prevent escape	8
Protect public	8
Effect search	7
Protect other Officer	7
Secure evidence	4
Prevent harm	3
Protect subject	3
Method of entry	0
Remove handcuffs	0
Other	0
Total	93

Table 2: Impact factors^{[footnote 2]}

Impact factors	Count
Alcohol	11
Drugs	9
Mental health	8
Prior knowledge	3
Crowd	2
Size/Gender/Build	2
Possession of a weapon	1
Other	1
Acute behavioural disorder	0
Total	37

Table 3: Primary conduct/behaviour of subject^{[footnote 3]}

Primary conduct/behaviour of subject	Count
Compliant	10
Serious or aggravated resistance	0
Verbal resistance/gestures	5
Passive resistance	3
Active resistance 2	2
Aggressive resistance	1
No data available 1	1
Total	31

Table 4: Tactics deployed^{[footnote 4]}

	Most Common	Second most Common	Third Most Common
First tactic: 31 instances	Compliant handcuffing: 16	Non-compliant handcuffing: 7	Unarmed skills: 4
Second tactic: 9 instances	Unarmed skills: 2	Tactical communication: 1 and Limb/body restraints: 1

Table 5: Conducted Energy Devices and Firearms deployed

Presentation of Conducted Energy Device (Taser)	Instances
CED drawn	2
CED aimed	0
CED arced	0
CED red dotted	0
Use of Conducted Energy Device (Taser)
CED stun	0
CED fired	0
Firearms
Firearm drawn	0
Firearm aimed	0
Firearm fired	0

Officer injuries

• 2 officers were assaulted
• 2 officers received minor injuries (of which 2 were from being assaulted)
• 0 officers were spat at by the subject
• No officers incurred severe injuries.

Subject details^{[footnote 5]}

Table 6: Gender

Perceived gender of the subject	Count
Male	25
Female	6
Transgender	0
Total	31

Table 7: Age

Perceived age of subject	Count
Under 11 years	0
11 to 17 years	1
18 to 34 years	17
35 to 49 years	8
50 to 64 years	2
65 years or over	1
Not recorded	2
Total	31

Table 8: Ethnicity

Perceived ethnicity of subject	Count
White / White British	25
Asian / Asian British	2
Not known	3
Black / Black British	1
Other ethnic origin	0
Mixed race	0
Total	31

Disabilities

• all subjects were perceived to have no physical disabilities
• in 7 out of 31 incidents, the subjects were perceived to have mental disabilities

Injuries and medical assistance

• 1 subjects received minor injuries in an instance where use of force was recorded
• 0 instances of medical assistance was required.

Table 9: Outcomes

Outcome	Count
Arrested	23
Released / No further action	7
Detained (Mental Health Act)	1
Made off / escaped	0
Hospitalised	0
Fatality	0
Total	31

Table 3: Primary conduct behaviour of subjects: Definitions

• Compliant: no resistance to instructions

• Verbal resistance: verbal abuse or gestures made but does not offer any physical resistance for example; verbally swearing, offensive finger gestures

• Passive resistance: resistance that is not physical in nature but is intended to stop an officer or the general public from leading their day-to-day activities for example; sitting in the road, refusing to move

• Active resistance: a form of resistance or obstruction that is mildly physical in nature, for example; pushing, shoving

• Aggressive resistance: a stage above active resistance where physical resistance is more pronounced but has no intention to injure an officer for example; struggling against an officer

• Serious/aggravated resistance: Use of violence against police with the intention to seriously injure or evade arrest for example; striking with a weapon, punching

1. Use of force can be used for several reasons in any given incident; there is a staged escalation process in the Police Service and therefore multiple reasons may be recorded for a single incident. ↩

2. Impact factors are not always relevant to instances of use of force and fewer impact factors than incidents may therefore be recorded. Likewise, it is possible to have multiple impact factors for one incident. ↩

3. Officers use the categories listed to best describe the primary conduct/behaviour of subjects. If the subject displays more than one conduct/behaviour, the officer will only record the most relevant or severe. Definitions of the conduct/behaviour categories are provided at End Note. ↩

4. The breakdown of instances shown against each tactic is limited to ‘Most common’, ‘Second most common, and ‘Third most common’ so, in cases where more than three types of tactics have been used, the corresponding figures for each will not always equate to the total number of instances. In addition, the information provided in Table 4 and any corresponding bullet points does not include specific details on the deployment of Conducted Energy Devices (Tasers) or Firearms; where applicable, that information is provided at Table 5. ↩

5. Figures provided relate to the number of instances of use of force and do not always correspond to the specific number of individuals involved. For example, more than one instance of use of force could be attributed to the same person. ↩