Research and analysis

Exploring options for improving energy bill equity for fuel poor households

Research that examines energy affordability for fuel poor households.

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This study examines energy affordability for fuel poor households. It identifies the structural elements of energy bills that contribute to inequity, assesses the impact of innovative tariffs on fuel poor households and explores policy options to improve bill equity.

The research involved 2 phases:

Phase 1 involved a Rapid Evidence Assessment (REA) to synthesise the existing evidence base. This was supplemented with secondary analysis of the Smart Energy Research Lab (SERL) data to explore how fuel poor households’ energy consumption compares to the wider population.

Phase 2 involved a set of reconvened workshops with a wide range of stakeholders including academics, representatives from the energy retail market, energy suppliers, regulators and trade associations. Workshop participants discussed findings from the REA and appraised potential policy options to improve energy bill equity.

The research was undertaken by London Economics in partnership with Basis Social and University College London (UCL), on behalf of the Committee on Fuel Poverty.

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Published 8 July 2025

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