Research and analysis
Annex 3: Table 1
Updated 28 June 2021
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| Setting | Study Design | Comparator | Erythromycin, n*/N | Comparator | Outcome | Study | Risk Estimate (95% Cl) | Rate per 1000 exposed to macrolide | Rate per 1000 exposed to comparator | Rate difference | Overall Bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UK 1990-2016 | Cohort | Penicillin | 53/1935 | 398/22,544 | MCM | Fan et al, 2020 | 1.5* (1.13-1.99) | 27.39 | 17.65 | 9.74 | serious |
| Denmark 2000-2015 | Cohort | Penicillin | 283/5563 | n/a /48,765 | MCM | Damkier et al 2019 | 1.01 (0.88-1.14) | n/a | n/a | n/a | serious |
| Quebec 1998-2009 | Cohort | Penicillin | 64/697 | 894/9,106 | MCM | Muanda et al 2017b | 1.02 (0.78-1.34) | 91.82 | 98.18 | -6.35 | serious |
| Norway 2004-2007 | Cohort | unexposed | 90/1786 | 8,073/163,653 | MCM | Romoren et al 2012 | 1.04 (0.84-1.29) | 50.39 | 49.33 | 1.06 | moderate |
| US Tennessee 1985-2000 | Cohort | unexposed | 23/903 | 102/3,400 | MCM | Cooper et al 2009 | 0.86 (0.62-1.18) | 25.47 | 30 | -4.53 | serious |
| Sweden 1996-2011 | Cohort | unexposed | 99/2531 | 48499/1,575,847 | MCM | Kallen et al 2014 | 1.18 (0.96-1.44) | 39.11 | 30.78 | 8.34 | serious |
| Hungary 1980-1996 | casecontrol | unexposed | 20/43 | n/a | MCM | Czeizel et al 19999 | 0.8 (0.9-1.6) | n/a | n/a | n/a | serious |
| UK 1990-2016 | cohort | Penicillin | 19/1935 | 149/22,544 | CVM | Fan et al 2020 | 1.48 (0.92-2.37) | 9.82 | 6.61 | 3.21 | serious |
| Denmark 2000-2015 | cohort | penicillin | 46/5563 | n/a | CVM | Damkier et al 2019 | 0.94 (0.69-1.28) | n/a | n/a | n/a | serious |
| Quebec 1998-2009 | cohort | penicillin | 15/697 | 192/9,106 | CVM | Muanda et al 2017b | 1.09 (0.64-1.86) | 21.52 | 21.08 | 0.44 | serious |
| Sweden 1996-2003 | cohort | unexposed | 34/1844 | n/a | CVM | Kallen et al 2005 | 1.84* (1.29-2.62) | n/a | n/a | n/a | serious |
| Sweden 1996-2011 | cohort | unexposed | 43/2,531 | 16,153/1,575,847 | CVM | Kallen et al 2014 | 1.7* (1.26-2.29) | 16.99 | 10.25 | 6.74 | serious |
| Norway 2004-2007 | cohort | unexposed | 21/1786 | 1,653/163,653 | CVM | Romoren et al 2012) | 1.16 (0.75-1.78) | 11.76 | 10.1 | 1.66 | moderate |
| US 1997-2003 | Case-control | unexposed | 81* | n/a | CVM | Crider et al 2009 | 1.0 (0.7-1.3) | n/a | n/a | n/a | serious |
| US Canada 1994 - 2008 | Case-control | unexposed | 18/4132 | 28/6,952 | CVM | Lin et al 2013 | 1.3 (0.6-2.6) | n/a | n/a | n/a | serious |
| US Tennessee 1985-2000 | cohort | unexposed | 9/903 | 37/3,400 | CVM | Cooper et al 2009 | 0.93 (0.45-1.91) | 9.97 | 10.88 | -0.92 | serious |
| Denmark 1997-2007 | cohort | unexposed | n/a | n/a | Miscarriage | Andersen et al 2013 | 1.03 (0.94-1.13) | n/a | n/a | n/a | serious |
| Quebec 1998-2009 | Case-control | penicillin | 15/697 | 25/854 | Miscarriage | Muanda et al 2017a | 0.82 (0.56-1.19) | n/a | n/a | n/a | serious |