Official Statistics

Trade and investment core statistics book

Updated 22 April 2025

© Crown copyright 2025

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This publication is available at https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/trade-and-investment-core-statistics-book/trade-and-investment-core-statistics-book

1. Things you need to know about this publication

  1. We welcome feedback on our statistics. Please get in touch with us at statistics@businessandtrade.gov.uk if you have any comments or questions.

  2. Our statistical practice is regulated by the Office for Statistics Regulation (OSR). The OSR sets the standards of trustworthiness, quality and value in the Code of Practice for Statistics that all producers of official statistics should adhere to. You are welcome to contact us directly with any comments about how we meet these standards. Alternatively, you can contact OSR by emailing regulation@statistics.gov.uk or via the OSR website.

  3. This publication covers and summarises the wide range of statistics produced by the Office for National Statistics (ONS), HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), Department for Business and Trade (DBT), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and others into a single product.

  4. The compendium brings together these statistics in a user-friendly publication with the aim of helping users to quickly find the most relevant and up-to-date trade and investment statistics. It provides the latest available statistics from a number of UK and international sources on a consistent basis and, where inconsistencies exist, explains the differences between the sources. The publication of the Trade and Investment Core Statistics Book improves the accessibility of trade and investment statistics by helping both the professional and newcomers to trade and investment statistics navigate the various sources to identify the most relevant statistics and to present them in a consistent manner.

  5. Since the previous update, the Core Statistics Book has been updated with figures from:

  6. UK trade statistics saw higher levels of volatility between 2019 and 2022 because of the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, global recession, supply chain disruption, EU Exit, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, and price inflation. It is challenging to disentangle the driving factors, and it is difficult to assess the extent to which recent changes reflect short-term trade disruption or longer-term supply chain adjustments. The latest ONS release UK Trade: February 2025 covers trade up to the end of February 2025.

  7. The ONS have published a number of articles setting out the impact of changes to data collection since the UK left the EU. Caution is advised when making comparisons over this time period because of the discontinuity in the data.

  8. Unless otherwise stated, all figures are reported in nominal (current prices) and have not been adjusted for inflation. Real estimates (Chained Volume Measures) take account of inflation.

  9. For the latest statistics on trade and investment between the UK and all individual trading and investment partners please see the trade and investment factsheets.

  10. For a summary of the latest headline statistics, in a simple visual format, please see the UK trade in numbers.

  11. The Core Statistics Book is designated as Official Statistics under the Statistics and Registration Service Act 2007. From August 2018 these statistics have been produced to fully comply with the Code of Practice for Official Statistics.

  12. Due to the large number of data sources available it can be difficult to determine which is the best source of information for a particular statistic. Therefore DBT has produced this technical annex to provide more information about the different sources, including some information on the strengths and weaknesses of the statistics.

  13. Additionally, more information is available from the relevant data supplier which can be found by following the source link below the statistic of interest.

  14. All figures are correct as of the date of release and are as reported by their data producer. The publication will be updated in line with the update schedule.

  15. In some instances, figures in the main commentary may differ to those in the trade and investment statistics summary sheet. This is because more up-to-date figures on goods and services by partner country, consistent with the aggregate figures in the statistics summary sheet, are not available. This means that some tables and charts within the commentary, such as country ranking tables, use older data to provide these breakdowns.

  16. For terms and definitions please see the glossary in the technical annex.

  17. Totals may not exactly match the sum of their parts due to rounding.

  18. All data is seasonally adjusted unless otherwise specified. The exception to this is data sources that only provide annual data, such as the ONS Non-financial business economy, exporters and importers in Great Britain (Annual Business Survey): 2022 or Department for Business and Trade inward investment results 2023 to 2024, where seasonal adjustment is not needed. Seasonally adjusted data available on a more frequent basis (for example, quarterly) is often constrained so that when it is summed to get data for a calendar year it will match non-seasonally adjusted data for the same calendar year.

  19. In data tables:

    • values may not sum to totals due to rounding

    • divisions are as reported by ONS, derived from Standard International Trade Classifications (SITC)

    • unspecified goods include precious metals, parcel post, low value trade, coins, and defence equipment

    • precious metals include non-monetary gold, silver, platinum and palladium, and it forms part of the commodity group 'unspecified goods'; non-monetary gold comprises the majority of this group

    • United States includes Puerto Rico

    • Morocco includes Western Sahara

  20. Other business services include professional, management consulting, technical and trade related services.

  21. The average growth rate referenced in total (goods and services) exports uses a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR). Prior to 21 June 2023, we presented a simple average growth rate.

2. Top and emerging partner countries

2.1 Top 10 UK export markets for goods and services in 20231

Rank Export market £ billion % of total
1 United States 179.4 21.2%
2 Germany 59.4 7.0%
3 Ireland 54.0 6.4%
4 Netherlands 52.2 6.2%
5 France 45.4 5.4%
6 China 33.6 4.0%
7 Switzerland 30.1 3.6%
8 Belgium 25.4 3.0%
9 Spain 19.8 2.3%
10 Italy 18.5 2.2%
N/A EU1 348.0 41.2%
N/A Non-EU1 496.3 58.8%
N/A World1 844.3 100.0%

Source: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: July to September 2024, next release: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: October to December 2024.

Notes:

  1. World, EU, and non-EU totals may not always match figures in the statistical summary sheet due to timings of release of the different sources used. Totals in the statistics summary sheet should be preferred.

2.2 Top 10 UK import markets for goods and services in 20231

Rank Import market £ billion % of total
1 United States 112.1 12.9%
2 Germany 87.3 10.1%
3 Netherlands 63.3 7.3%
4 France 59.5 6.9%
5 China 59.3 6.9%
6 Spain 40.7 4.7%
7 Belgium 31.7 3.7%
8 Italy 31.6 3.6%
9 Ireland 30.4 3.5%
10 Norway 30.3 3.5%
N/A EU1 446.6 51.6%
N/A Non-EU1 419.1 48.4%
N/A World1 865.7 100.0%

Source: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: July to September 2024, next release: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: October to December 2024.

Notes:

  1. World, EU, and non-EU totals may not always match figures in the statistical summary sheet due to timings of release of the different sources used. Totals in the statistics summary sheet should be preferred.

2.3 Top 10 UK export markets for goods only in 2024

Rank Export market £ billion % of total
1 United States 59.3 16.2%
2 Germany 32.1 8.8%
3 Netherlands 27.9 7.6%
4 Ireland 23.9 6.5%
5 France 23.2 6.3%
6 Belgium 17.7 4.8%
7 China 16.7 4.6%
8 Spain 9.3 2.5%
9 Italy 9.2 2.5%
10 Hong Kong 8.6 2.3%
N/A EU 174.4 47.7%
N/A Non-EU 191.2 52.3%
N/A World 365.7 100.0%

Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025.

2.4 Top 10 UK import markets for goods only in 2024

Rank Import market £ billion % of total
1 Germany 71.8 12.1%
2 China 65.4 11.0%
3 United States 57.1 9.7%
4 Netherlands 49.4 8.3%
5 France 37.3 6.3%
6 Belgium 32.0 5.4%
7 Norway 24.5 4.1%
8 Italy 24.3 4.1%
9 Spain 21.1 3.6%
10 Ireland 18.6 3.1%
N/A EU 314.2 53.1%
N/A Non-EU 277.4 46.9%
N/A World 591.6 100.0%

Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025.

2.5 Top 10 UK export markets for services only in 20231

Rank Export market £ billion % of total
1 United States 118.9 26.5%
2 Ireland 25.9 5.8%
3 Germany 25.6 5.7%
4 Netherlands 21.1 4.7%
5 France 20.6 4.6%
6 Switzerland 17.2 3.8%
7 China 11.4 2.5%
8 Luxembourg 11.4 2.5%
9 India 9.9 2.2%
10 Spain 9.7 2.2%
N/A EU1 161.2 35.9%
N/A Non-EU1 287.6 64.1%
N/A World1 448.9 100.0%

Source: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: July to September 2024, next release: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: October to December 2024.

Notes:

  1. World, EU, and non-EU totals may not always match figures in the statistical summary sheet due to timings of release of the different sources used. Totals in the statistics summary sheet should be preferred.

2.6 Top 10 UK import markets for services only in 20231

Rank Import market £ billion % of total
1 United States 54.2 19.0%
2 Spain 20.9 7.3%
3 France 18.2 6.4%
4 Germany 13.6 4.8%
5 India 12.6 4.4%
6 Ireland 10.8 3.8%
7 Netherlands 10.2 3.6%
8 Switzerland 9.1 3.2%
9 Italy 8.6 3.0%
10 Sweden 5.9 2.1%
N/A EU1 128.4 45.1%
N/A Non-EU1 156.4 54.9%
N/A World1 284.8 100.0%

Source: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: July to September 2024, next release: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: October to December 2024.

Notes:

  1. World, EU, and non-EU totals may not always match figures in the statistical summary sheet due to timings of release of the different sources used. Totals in the statistics summary sheet should be preferred.

2.7 Top 10 UK surpluses in goods and services in 20231

Rank Partner countries with largest surpluses £ billion
1 United States 67.3
2 Ireland 23.7
3 Switzerland 11.8
4 Australia 9.0
5 Saudi Arabia 7.9
6 Singapore 7.7
7 Hong Kong 7.2
8 Canada 7.0
9 Luxembourg 6.3
10 United Arab Emirates 5.2
N/A Non-EU1 77.2

Source: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: July to September 2024, next release: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: October to December 2024.

Notes:

  1. World, EU, and non-EU totals may not always match figures in the statistical summary sheet due to timings of release of the different sources used. Totals in the statistics summary sheet should be preferred.

2.8 Top 10 UK deficits in goods and services in 20231

Rank Partner countries with largest deficits £ billion
1 Germany -27.9
2 China -25.7
3 Norway -21.0
4 Spain -20.9
5 France -14.1
6 Italy -13.0
7 Netherlands -11.2
8 Poland -9.0
9 India -6.3
10 Belgium -6.3
N/A EU1 -98.6

Source: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: July to September 2024, next release: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: October to December 2024.

Notes:

  1. World, EU, and non-EU totals may not always match figures in the statistical summary sheet due to timings of release of the different sources used. Totals in the statistics summary sheet should be preferred.

2.9 Top 10 UK trading partners in 2023 (exports plus imports of goods and services)1

Rank Partner country £ billion % of total trade
1 United States 291.5 17.0%
2 Germany 146.7 8.6%
3 Netherlands 115.5 6.8%
4 France 104.8 6.1%
5 China 92.9 5.4%
6 Ireland 84.4 4.9%
7 Spain 60.6 3.5%
8 Belgium 57.1 3.3%
9 Italy 50.1 2.9%
10 Switzerland 48.5 2.8%
N/A EU1 794.6 46.5%
N/A Non-EU1 915.3 53.5%
N/A World1 1,710.0 100.0%

Source: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: July to September 2024, next release: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: October to December 2024.

Notes:

  1. World, EU, and non-EU totals may not always match figures in the statistical summary sheet due to timings of release of the different sources used. Totals in the statistics summary sheet should be preferred.

2.10 Fastest-growing markets for UK exports of goods and services between 2013 and 2023 (current prices)1

Rank Export market Value in 2023 (£ billion) % change between 2013 and 2023
1 North Macedonia 1.7 245.7%
2 Gibraltar 4.6 170.8%
3 Luxembourg 12.0 169.0%
4 Vietnam 1.3 164.0%
5 Taiwan 4.4 124.7%
6 Qatar 5.6 116.4%
7 Bermuda 3.2 116.1%
8 Philippines 1.2 115.5%
9 Morocco 1.4 107.9%
10 India 16.0 107.7%

Source: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: July to September 2024, next release: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: October to December 2024.

Notes:

  1. Only including those with more than £1.0 billion in value in the latest calendar year for which data is available.
  2. Data on trade in goods with Crown Dependencies (Jersey, Guernsey, Isle of Man) is not available therefore these markets are excluded as their growth rates are not comparable with other markets.

3. Top and fastest-growing goods and services

3.1 Top 10 UK goods exports in 2024

Rank Commodity (SITC division) Division £ billion % of total goods exports
1 Cars 78M 32.8 9.0%
2 Mechanical power generators (intermediate) 71MI 32.7 8.9%
3 Medicinal and pharmaceutical products 54 24.6 6.7%
4 Crude oil 33O 16.8 4.6%
5 Aircraft 792 12.6 3.5%
6 Scientific instruments (capital) 87K 11.8 3.2%
7 Beverages and tobacco 1 11.8 3.2%
8 Non-ferrous metals 68 10.9 3.0%
9 Refined oil 33R 10.9 3.0%
10 General industrial machinery (capital) 74K 10.0 2.7%
N/A Total goods exports N/A 365.7 100.0%

Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025.

3.2 Top 10 UK goods imports in 2024

Rank Commodity (SITC division) Division £ billion % of total goods imports
1 Cars 78M 44.4 7.5%
2 Medicinal and pharmaceutical products 54 27.2 4.6%
3 Refined oil 33R 26.9 4.5%
4 Crude oil 33O 25.0 4.2%
5 Mechanical power generators (intermediate) 71MI 23.1 3.9%
6 Telecoms and sound equipment (capital) 76K 21.6 3.7%
7 Miscellaneous electrical goods (intermediate) 77I 20.2 3.4%
8 Clothing 84 16.7 2.8%
9 Other manufactures (consumer) 89OC 15.0 2.5%
10 Vegetables and fruit 5 14.9 2.5%
N/A Total goods imports N/A 591.6 100.0%

Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025.

3.3 Top 5 UK services exports in 2024

Rank Type of service £ billion % of total services exports
1 Other business services 183.1 36.1%
2 Financial services 101.4 20.0%
3 Travel services 66.1 13.0%
4 Telecommunication, computer and information services 46.0 9.1%
5 Transport services 32.5 6.4%
N/A Total services exports 507.8 100.0%

Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025.

3.4 Top 5 UK services imports in 2024

Rank Type of service £ billion % of total services imports
1 Other business services 110.7 35.2%
2 Travel services 93.3 29.7%
3 Transport services 28.5 9.1%
4 Financial services 18.7 5.9%
5 Intellectual property services 16.3 5.2%
N/A Total services imports 314.1 100.0%

Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025.

3.5 Fastest-growing UK exports of goods between 2014 and 2024, not seasonally adjusted (current prices)1

Rank Product Commodity (SITC division) Value in 2024 £ billion % change between 2014 and 2024
1 Unspecified goods 9 7.2 118.4%
2 Mechanical power generators (intermediate) 71MI 32.7 88.0%
3 Miscellaneous electrical goods (capital) 77K 5.8 74.2%
4 Metal ores & scrap 28 6.3 70.9%
5 General industrial machinery (capital) 74K 10.0 68.3%

Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025.

Notes:

  1. Only including those with more than £5.0 billion in value in the latest calendar year for which data is available.

3.6 Fastest-growing UK exports of services between 2023 and 20241

Rank Type of Service Value in 2024 £ billion % growth since previous year
1 Intellectual property services 31.7 21.8%
2 Financial services 101.4 12.0%
3 Travel services 66.1 12.0%
4 Insurance and pension services 29.1 7.0%
5 Transport services 32.5 5.2%

Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025.

Notes:

  1. Only including those with more than £5.0 billion in value in the latest calendar year for which data is available.

4. Total (goods and services) exports

  • The value of UK exports was £873.5 billion in 2024, up 0.7% on 2023. This reflects a 7.5% decrease of goods exports and a 7.7% increase of services exports. More timely data shows the value of UK exports was £878.4 billion in the 12 months ending February 2025, up 1.1% on the previous 12 months. (Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025).

4.1 UK exports of goods and services (current prices)

Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025.

4.2 UK exports to the EU and non-EU (current prices)

Source: ONS Balance of Payments: Quarter 4 (October to December) 2024, next release: ONS Balance of Payments: Quarter 1 (January to March) 2025.

4.3 Top 20 UK export markets for goods and services in 20231

Source: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: July to September 2024, next release: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: October to December 2024.

Notes:

  1. World, EU, and non-EU totals may not always match figures in the statistical summary sheet due to timings of release of the different sources used. Totals in the statistics summary sheet should be preferred.

4.4 Top 10 UK export markets (for goods and services) in the 12 months ending September 20241

Rank Export market £ billion % of total exports
1 United States 182.6 21.7%
2 Germany 59.5 7.1%
3 Netherlands 49.4 5.9%
4 Ireland 49.3 5.8%
5 France 46.1 5.5%
6 China 32.0 3.8%
7 Belgium 26.4 3.1%
8 Switzerland 26.2 3.1%
9 Spain 19.7 2.3%
10 Italy 18.6 2.2%
N/A EU1 346.1 41.1%
N/A Non-EU1 496.5 58.9%
N/A World1 842.7 100.0%

Source: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: July to September 2024, next release: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: October to December 2024.

Notes:

  1. World, EU, and non-EU totals may not always match figures in the statistical summary sheet due to timings of release of the different sources used. Totals in the statistics summary sheet should be preferred.

4.5 Global export rankings

(Source: UNCTAD Goods and Services (BPM6): Exports and imports of goods and services, annual, next release: UNCTAD Goods and Services (BPM6): Exports and imports of goods and services, annual).

In 2023* the UK ranked:

  • fourth in the world for exports of goods and services (no change from 2022)
  • second in Europe for exports of goods and services, behind Germany (no change from 2022)
  • second in the world for services exports (no change from 2022)
  • 13th in the world for exports of goods (up from 14th in 2022)

*Much of the 2023 data on which these rankings are based is modelled or estimated.

4.6 Current estimates and forecasts of real export growth

  • In real terms, UK exports decreased by 1.2% in 2024, following a 0.4% decrease in 2023. The decrease in 2024 consisted of a 4.7% increase in services exports and a 7.9% decrease in goods exports. In the 12 months ending February 2025 UK exports decreased by 1.4% following a 1.8% decrease in the 12 months ending February 2024. (Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025).

4.7 UK export volume growth forecasts (%)

International organisation 2025 2026
OBR (goods and services) -0.1 1.4
IMF (goods and services) 1.1 1.2
OECD (goods and services) 0.2 1.3

Source: OBR Economic and fiscal outlook March 2025, IMF World Economic Outlook - October 2024 and OECD Economic Outlook - December 2024.

4.8 Number and % of registered GB businesses exporting

(Source: ONS Non-financial business economy, exporters and importers in Great Britain (Annual Business Survey): 2022, next release: ONS Non-financial business economy, exporters and importers in Great Britain (Annual Business Survey): 2023).

  • In 2022, 285,100 registered Great British businesses (11.6%) exported either goods or services or both.

  • 115,800 registered GB businesses (4.7%) are estimated to have exported goods.

  • 196,900 registered GB businesses (8.0%) are estimated to have exported services.

  • 99% of GB exporting businesses were SMEs (businesses with fewer than 250 employees).

  • Response rates for the 2020 and 2021 surveys were impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The 2020, 2021 and 2022 results are based on response rates of approximately 56%, 69% and 73% respectively (compared with 78% for 2018). The lower response rates increase the level of uncertainty around the estimates, and therefore changes over time have an additional degree of uncertainty. Care should be taken when comparing over time, as small increases or decreases could be due to the volatility of the figures.

  • These estimates do not cover all businesses. They only cover registered businesses (for Value Added Tax (VAT) and/or PAYE) in the GB non-financial business economy which accounts for around two thirds of the economy in terms of gross value added.

  • HMRC publish the UK trade in goods by business characteristics which provides numbers of UK businesses exporting and importing goods. The HMRC data is not comparable to the ABS data due to differences in coverage and methodology.

4.9 Number and proportion of registered GB businesses, 20221,2,3,4

Exporting % Importing % Exporting and/or importing %
Goods and/or Services 285,100 11.6% 301,300 12.2% 422,800 17.2%
Goods 115,800 4.7% 181,400 7.4% 216,600 8.8%
Services 196,900 8.0% 164,700 6.7% 271,500 11.0%

(Source: ONS Non-financial business economy, exporters and importers in Great Britain (Annual Business Survey): 2022, next release: ONS Non-financial business economy, exporters and importers in Great Britain (Annual Business Survey): 2023).

Notes:

  1. Response rates for the 2020 and 2021 surveys were impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The 2020, 2021 and 2022 results are based on response rates of approximately 56%, 69% and 73% respectively (compared with 78% for 2018). The lower response rates increase the level of uncertainty around the estimates, and therefore changes over time have an additional degree of uncertainty. Care should be taken when comparing over time, as small increases or decreases could be due to the volatility of the figures.
  2. Data is for VAT/PAYE registered enterprises in Great Britain only (excludes Northern Ireland). The data excludes much of finance, agriculture and government.
  3. Goods and services do not add up to the total for goods and services combined. This is because some businesses will trade in both goods and services. In the same way the number of exporters and importers may not add up to the total number involved in international trade because some businesses will both export and import.
  4. These estimates cover the Great British business economy, excluding insurance and reinsurance industries, which accounts for just under two thirds of the economy in terms of Gross Value Added. The industries covered are:
  • Agriculture (support activities SIC 01.6 and hunting and trapping SIC 01.7 only), forestry and fishing (Section A)
  • Production industries (Sections B to E)
  • Construction industries (Section F)
  • Distribution industries (Section G)
  • Non-Financial Service industries (Sections H to J, L to N, P (private provision only), Q (private provision only in SIC 86.1 and 86.9), R and S).

4.10 Attitudes of UK businesses to exporting in 2023

(Source: National Survey of Registered Businesses’ Exporting Behaviours, Attitudes and Needs 2022, next release: National Survey of Registered Businesses’ Exporting Behaviours, Attitudes and Needs 2023):

  • In 2023, a total of 3,004 responses were collected from businesses between February and November. Any private sector business registered in the UK and operating above the VAT threshold is eligible to be interviewed as part of The National Survey of Registered Businesses’ Exporting Behaviours, Attitudes and Needs (NSRB). Athough the primary focus of the survey is on businesses with an annual turnover of £500,000 or more on the premise that they can potentially generate higher-value exports. In 2023, there were 2,181 businesses interviewed with a turnover of £500,000 or more.
  • The NSRB is weighted to be nationally representative. The £500,000 or more turnover dataset is representative of businesses with a turnover of £500,000 or more and the full dataset is representative of all businesses across the UK operating above the VAT threshold.
  • The NSRB results may vary from similar insights found in ONS surveys, such as the Annual Business Survey and the fortnightly Business Insights and Conditions Survey (BICS), due to a differing methodological approach and survey objectives. Differences between the ONS Annual Business Survey and the NSRB are explained in the NSRB technical report.
  • The NSRB allocates businesses into 4 segments that reflect their exporting behaviour. In 2023, the proportions of businesses falling into each segment were similar to previous waves. In 2023:
    • just under a third (31%) had exported either goods or services in the past 12 months
    • 8% were either lapsed or intermittent exporters, who had not exported in the past 12 months but had done previously
    • 18% had never exported but had goods or services which they self-identified as being either suitable, or could be developed to be suitable, for export
    • 42% had never exported and did not see their goods or services as suitable for export
    • a remaining 1% of businesses fell outside of these segment definitions, as they were unsure of their exporting potential or history
  • The proportion of businesses that had exported in the last 12 months (31%), down from 34% in 2022, and 35% in 2021. Overall, the proportion of businesses that have ever exported (39%) has decreased compared with previous years (43% in 2022 and 45% in 2021).
  • 22% of businesses exported goods in the last 12 months, down from 25% in 2022, and 14% exported services, in line with 2022.
  • As in 2022, those who had exported goods in the previous 12 months were more likely to report a reduction (39%) than an increase in these exports (21%). Among those that had exported services in the previous 12 months, the same share reported a reduction as reported an increase in these exports (both 25%).Of those who had exported before, 88% had exported to the EU in the last 5 years, making it the most common export destination. 94% of businesses that had ever exported said they had exported to at least one of the following markets: the EU, the United States, the Gulf States, Australia, or India (designated as core markets in the 2023 NSRB survey).
  • In 2023, 62% of businesses reported that they had ever experienced supply chain issues. 72% of those that reported having had experienced supply chain issues in the last 3 years cited COVID-19 as a cause, while 65% mentioned EU Exit and 58% general economic or inflationary pressure.
  • Exporting behaviour differs across the UK’s nations and regions. In England, London was the region with the highest proportion of current exporters (exported in the past 12 months, 42%), with all other UK regions having a share of around 25% to 35%. The percentage of current exporters in Wales and Scotland were 25% and 27% respectively. The proportion of current exporters in Northern Ireland remained high (52%) in comparison to other UK regions, however a considerable proportion of Northern Irish businesses (31%) had only exported to the Republic of Ireland in the past 12 months.
  • In 2023, 71% of those who had exported before said they were ‘passive’ in their exporting behaviour. This means that they responded to orders from other countries but did not actively target these customers. Conversely, 27% said they did actively target customers abroad. The proportions of businesses that actively and passively export have remained stable since 2022.
  • Businesses that had exported only to non-EU countries over the past 5 years were more likely to be active exporters (35%) than those that exported only to EU countries (20%). The proportion of active exporters was similar across exporters to all core markets in 2023 (around 26% to 33%). Regarding business location, those in the East Midlands were the most likely to report being active exporters (43%), with most other regions falling within 20% to 30%. By business size, those with at least 20 employees (38%) were more likely to be active exporters than those with up to 19 employees (23%). There were no significant differences by sector.
  • Around two-in-five businesses stated that they had imported in the last 12 months (41%).
  • When asked about free trade agreements (FTAs), 45% of respondents agreed that FTAs between the UK and other countries will benefit their business, with 24% disagreeing. 23% agreed they would be confident in knowing how to trade through an FTA.
  • Agreement that there is a lot of demand for UK products or services around the world continued to decline in 2023, with 52% in agreement, down from a high of 73% in 2017.
  • In 2023, 18% of businesses had a high level of knowledge of how to export, a decline from 2022 (24%). A greater proportion (28%) reported poor knowledge, an increase from 2022 (23%).
  • Of businesses that have exported or could export, 77% were aware of any UK government trade support services, in line with 2022 (78%).

5. Goods exports

  • Exports of goods were £365.7 billion in 2024, representing 41.9% of total UK exports. More timely data shows the value of UK goods exports was £362.6 billion in the 12 months ending February 2025, representing 41.3% of total UK exports.(Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025).

5.1 UK goods exports (current prices)

Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025.

  • Goods exports decreased by 7.5% in 2024, compared with 2023. Since 2014, goods exports have increased by 26.4% (in current prices). More recent data shows that goods exports decreased by 7.3% in the 12 months ending February 2025, following a 12.0% decrease in the 12 months ending February 2024 and a 29.4% increase in the 12 months ending February 2023. (Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025).

  • Exports of goods to the EU decreased by 6.5% in 2024, while exports of goods to non-EU countries decreased by 8.4%. This follows a 9.9% decrease in goods exports to the EU and an 8.0% decrease in goods exports to non-EU countries in 2023. More timely data shows that goods exports to the EU decreased by 6.0% in the 12 months ending February 2025, while exports to non-EU countries decreased by 8.4%. (Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025).

  • In 2024 the UK’s largest export market for goods was the United States, accounting for 16.2% of total UK goods exports, followed by Germany (8.8%) and the Netherlands (7.6%). (Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025), next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025).

  • See ‘Top and emerging partner countries’ section for Top 10 UK export markets for goods in 2024.

5.2 Top 10 UK export markets for goods in the 12 months ending February 2025

Rank Export market £ billion % of total goods exports
1 United States 60.8 16.8%
2 Germany 31.8 8.8%
3 Netherlands 28.2 7.8%
4 Ireland 23.7 6.5%
5 France 23.0 6.4%
6 Belgium 16.8 4.6%
7 China 15.6 4.3%
8 Italy 9.4 2.6%
9 Spain 9.3 2.6%
10 Hong Kong 8.8 2.4%
N/A EU 172.9 47.7%
N/A Non-EU 189.7 52.3%
N/A World 362.6 100.0%

Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025.

5.3 Fastest-growing markets for UK exports of goods between 2014 and 2024 (current prices)1

Rank Export market Value in 2024 (£ billion) % change between 2014 and 2024
1 Lithuania 1.1 210.1%
2 Morocco 1.1 89.7%
3 North Macedonia 1.0 88.0%
4 Poland 7.3 79.4%
5 India 7.0 75.6%
6 Taiwan 1.9 71.4%
7 Canada 6.6 67.2%
8 Hong Kong 8.6 65.6%
9 Turkey 6.1 65.6%
10 Japan 7.5 63.8%

Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025.

Notes:

  1. Only including those with more than £1.0 billion in value in the latest calendar year for which data is available.

5.4 Top 10 UK goods exports in the 12 months ending February 2025, not seasonally adjusted1

Rank Commodity (SITC division) Division £ billion % of total goods exports
1 Mechanical power generators (intermediate) 71MI 31.8 8.8%
2 Cars 78M 31.7 8.8%
3 Medicinal and pharmaceutical products 54 24.7 6.8%
4 Crude oil 33O 15.1 4.2%
5 Non-ferrous metals 68 13.4 3.7%
6 Aircraft 792 12.6 3.5%
7 Scientific instruments (capital) 87K 11.9 3.3%
8 Beverages and tobacco 1 11.8 3.3%
9 Refined oil 33R 11.0 3.0%
10 Miscellaneous electrical goods (intermediate) 77I 10.0 2.8%
N/A Total goods exports1 N/A 361.4 100.0%

Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025 next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025.

Notes:

  1. Total goods exports does not match the figure in the statistical summary sheet. Totals in the statistics summary sheet should be preferred.

5.5 Number of goods exporters and export value by region in 2024, not seasonally adjusted1,2,3,4

Country or region Goods exports (£ billion) Number of goods exporters
North East 13.7 2,370
North West 30.7 10,867
Yorkshire and The Humber 17.8 8,260
East Midlands 26.5 8,669
West Midlands 35.3 10,485
East of England 30.9 11,599
London 36.1 21,298
South East 39.5 18,016
South West 23.8 9,043
England 254.4 100,607
Wales 16.5 3,188
Scotland 32.3 5,569
Northern Ireland 11.1 7,666

Source: HMRC Regional Trade Statistics: Q4 (October - December) 2024, next release: HMRC Regional Trade Statistics: Q1 (January to March) 2025.

Notes:

  1. £39.1 billion goods exports could not be allocated to a region in 2024.
  2. Export values for each region may not sum to country totals due to rounding.
  3. Data on the number of businesses is reported on a proportion basis. This means a business count is subdivided into fractions based on their proportion of trade by value in each region. Each business counts as 1, subdivided across all regions in which they trade.
  4. A new method for EU business counts has been introduced by HMRC, which results in a break in series from previous EU business counts. EU and total business counts from the 2021 data period onwards are therefore not comparable with business counts published prior to 2021.

6. Services exports

  • In 2024, UK exports of services were £507.8 billion, representing 58.1% of total UK exports. More timely data shows the value of UK services exports was £515.8 billion in the 12 months ending February 2025, representing 58.7% of total UK exports. (Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025).

  • Services exports in 2024 have increased by 108.9% since 2014 and have increased by 7.7% since 2023 (in current prices). In the 12 months ending February 2025 services exports increased by 7.9%, following an 11.2% increase in the 12 months ending February 2024 and a 25.8% increase in the 12 months ending February 2023. (Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025).

  • Exports of services to non-EU countries increased by 7.6% to £324.1 billion between 2023 and 2024, while exports to the EU increased by 7.8% to £183.7 billion. This follows an increase of 12.0% in services exports to non-EU countries, and an increase of 17.5% in services exports to the EU between 2022 and 2023. (Source: ONS Balance of Payments: Quarter 4 (October to December) 2024, next release: ONS Balance of Payments: Quarter 1 (January to March) 2025).

6.1 UK services exports (current prices)

Source: ONS Balance of Payments: Quarter 4 (October to December) 2024, next release: ONS Balance of Payments: Quarter 1 (January to March) 2025.

6.2 Top 10 UK export markets for services in 12 months ending September 20241

Rank Export market £ billion % of total services exports
1 United States 124.4 26.6%
2 Germany 27.3 5.8%
3 Ireland 24.7 5.3%
4 France 22.1 4.7%
5 Netherlands 21.3 4.5%
6 Switzerland 17.2 3.7%
7 China 12.1 2.6%
8 Luxembourg 11.2 2.4%
9 Australia 11.1 2.4%
10 Spain 10.0 2.1%
N/A EU1 168.3 35.9%
N/A Non-EU1 300.2 64.1%
N/A World1 468.5 100.0%

Source: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: July to September 2024, next release: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: October to December 2024.

Notes:

  1. World, EU, and non-EU totals may not always match figures in the statistical summary sheet due to timings of release of the different sources used. Totals in the statistics summary sheet should be preferred.

6.3 Fastest-growing markets for UK exports of services between 2013 and 2023 (current prices)1

Rank Export market Value in 2023 (£ billion) % change between 2013 and 2023
1 India 9.9 260.9%
2 Gibraltar 4.3 244.2%
3 Taiwan 2.5 222.0%
4 Hungary 1.6 219.6%
5 Pakistan 1.5 175.4%
6 Luxembourg 11.4 172.3%
7 Hong Kong 6.7 154.1%
8 Israel 1.7 145.7%
9 Guernsey 2.9 140.8%
10 Singapore 8.2 137.2%

Source: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: July to September 2024, next release: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: October to December 2024.

Notes:

  1. Only including those with more than £1.0 billion in value in the latest calendar year for which data is available.

6.4 Value of services exports from the UK by country or region, 20221,2

Country or region Services exports (£ billion) Share (%)
North East 7.1 1.7%
North West 31.2 7.5%
Yorkshire and The Humber 17.2 4.2%
East Midlands 9.7 2.3%
West Midlands 17.4 4.2%
East of England 27.4 6.6%
London 185.9 44.9%
South East 52.5 12.7%
South West 19.1 4.6%
England 367.5 88.8%
Wales 9.4 2.3%
Scotland 30.2 7.3%
Northern Ireland 6.9 1.7%

Source: ONS International trade in UK nations, regions and cities: 2022, experimental statistics, next release: ONS International trade in UK nations, regions and cities: 2023, experimental statistics.

Notes:

  1. These are experimental statistics.
  2. Value of services exports for each region may not sum to country totals due to rounding.

6.5 Number of services exporters in Great Britain, 20221,2,3

Country or region Number of services exporters Share (%)
Great Britain 196,900 100.0%
North East 3,900 2.0%
North West 13,600 6.9%
Yorkshire and The Humber 10,900 5.5%
East Midlands 14,200 7.2%
West Midlands 10,400 5.3%
East of England 15,800 8.0%
London 63,200 32.1%
South East 34,300 17.4%
South West 16,700 8.5%
England 182,900 92.9%
Wales 4,800 2.4%
Scotland 9,100 4.6%

(Source: ONS Non-financial business economy, exporters and importers in Great Britain (Annual Business Survey): 2022, next release: ONS Non-financial business economy, exporters and importers in Great Britain (Annual Business Survey): 2023).

Notes:

  1. These are experimental statistics. Estimates do not cover all businesses. They only cover registered businesses (for VAT/PAYE) in Great Britain’s non-financial economy (meaning they largely exclude financial, agriculture and government activities).
  2. The number of services exporters may not sum to country totals due to rounding.
  3. Response rates for the 2020 and 2021 surveys were impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The 2020, 2021 and 2022 results are based on response rates of approximately 56%, 69% and 73% respectively (compared with 78% for 2018). The lower response rates increase the level of uncertainty around the estimates, and therefore changes over time have an additional degree of uncertainty. Care should be taken when comparing over time, as small increases or decreases could be due to the volatility of the figures.

7. Total (goods and services) imports

  • The value of total UK imports was £905.8 billion in 2024, up 1.1% on 2023. More timely data shows the value of UK imports were £912.1 billion in the 12 months ending February 2025, up 2.3% on the previous 12 months. (Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025).

7.1 UK imports of goods and services (current prices)

Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025.

7.2 UK imports from the EU and non-EU (current prices)

Source: ONS Balance of Payments: Quarter 4 (October to December) 2024, next release: ONS Balance of Payments: Quarter 1 (January to March) 2025.

7.3 Top 20 UK import markets for goods and services in 20231

Source: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: July to September 2024, next release: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: October to December 2024.

Notes:

  1. World, EU, and non-EU totals may not always match figures in the statistical summary sheet due to timings of release of the different sources used. Totals in the statistics summary sheet should be preferred.

7.4 Top 10 UK import markets (for goods and services) in the 12 months ending September 20241

Rank Import market £ billion % of total imports
1 United States 111.5 12.9%
2 Germany 86.2 10.0%
3 Netherlands 59.2 6.9%
4 France 57.5 6.7%
5 China 57.0 6.6%
6 Spain 42.7 5.0%
7 Belgium 33.0 3.8%
8 Italy 32.7 3.8%
9 Ireland 29.6 3.4%
10 Norway 27.6 3.2%
N/A EU1 444.8 51.6%
N/A Non-EU1 417.6 48.4%
N/A World1 862.4 100.0%

Source: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: July to September 2024 next release: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: October to December 2024.

Notes:

  1. World, EU, and non-EU totals may not always match figures in the statistical summary sheet due to timings of release of the different sources used. Totals in the statistics summary sheet should be preferred.

7.5 Fastest-growing markets for UK imports of goods and services between 2013 and 2023 (current prices)1

Rank Import market Value in 2023 (£ billion) % change between 2013 and 2023
1 Moldova 1.6 1,313.4%
2 Peru 1.5 373.4%
3 Gibraltar 2.6 278.9%
4 Romania 6.9 243.4%
5 Luxembourg 5.7 176.3%
6 Bulgaria 2.2 171.8%
7 Greece 7.3 152.1%
8 Morocco 2.2 150.8%
9 India 22.3 147.3%
10 Croatia 1.3 139.1%

Source: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: July to September 2024, next release: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: October to December 2024.

Notes:

  1. Only including those with more than £1.0 billion in value in the latest calendar year for which data is available.
  2. Data on trade in goods with Crown Dependencies (Jersey, Guernsey, Isle of Man) is not available therefore these markets are excluded as their growth rates are not comparable with other markets.

7.6 Global import rankings

(Source: UNCTAD Goods and Services (BPM6): Exports and imports of goods and services, annual, next release: UNCTAD Goods and Services (BPM6): Exports and imports of goods and services, annual).

In 2023* the UK ranked:

  • fourth in the world for imports of goods and services (no change from 2022)
  • sixth in the world for goods imports (no change from 2022)
  • fourth in the world for services imports (up from fifth in 2022)

*Much of the 2023 data on which these rankings are based is modelled or estimated.

7.7 Current estimates and forecasts of real import growth

  • In real terms, UK imports increased by 2.7% in 2024, following a decrease of 1.2% in 2023. Comparing the 12 months ending February 2025 with the previous 12 months, UK imports increased by 3.4%. This followed a 0.8% decrease in UK imports in the 12 months ending February 2024. (Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025).
  • The OECD predicts that the volume of UK imports of goods and services is estimated to decrease by 0.7% in 2025, and increase by 1.2% in 2026. (Source: OECD Economic Outlook - December 2024).

7.8 UK import volume growth forecasts (%)

International organisation 2025 2026
OBR (goods and services) 0.1 0.9
IMF (goods and services) 0.7 1.0
OECD (goods and services) 0.7 1.2

Source: OBR Economic and fiscal outlook March 2025, IMF World Economic Outlook - October 2024 and OECD Economic Outlook - December 2024.

8. Goods imports

  • In 2024, UK imports of goods were £591.6 billion (accounting for 65.3% of total UK imports), up 40.8% on 2014 and down 2.1% on 2023 (in current prices). More timely data shows the value of UK goods imports was £596.5 billion in the 12 months ending February 2025, up 0.5% on the previous 12 months.(Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025).

8.1 UK goods imports (current prices)

Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025.

8.2 Top 10 UK import markets for goods in the 12 months ending February 2025

Rank Import market £ billion % of total goods imports
1 Germany 71.7 12.0%
2 China 66.9 11.2%
3 United States 57.7 9.7%
4 Netherlands 49.5 8.3%
5 France 36.6 6.1%
6 Belgium 32.3 5.4%
7 Norway 26.3 4.4%
8 Italy 24.1 4.0%
9 Spain 21.4 3.6%
10 Ireland 18.4 3.1%
N/A EU 312.9 52.5%
N/A Non-EU 283.6 47.5%
N/A World 596.5 100.0%

Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025 next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025.

8.3 Fastest-growing markets for UK imports of goods between 2014 and 2024 (current prices)1

Rank Import market Value in 2024 (£ billion) % change between 2014 and 2024
1 Libya 2.3 591.8%
2 Romania 4.0 162.4%
3 Vietnam 6.3 162.4%
4 Morocco 1.6 156.8%
5 Greece 1.7 124.7%
6 Kuwait 4.0 122.9%
7 Turkey 13.5 107.1%
8 China 65.4 91.1%
9 United States 57.1 87.1%
10 Bangladesh 3.0 82.1%

Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025.

Notes:

  1. Only including those with more than £1.0 billion in value in the latest calendar year for which data is available.

8.4 Top 10 UK goods imports in the 12 months ending February 2025, not seasonally adjusted1

Rank Commodity (SITC division) Division Value (£ billion) % of total goods imports
1 Cars 78M 44.6 7.5%
2 Medicinal and pharmaceutical products 54 27.1 4.5%
3 Refined oil 33R 25.9 4.4%
4 Crude oil 33O 24.9 4.2%
5 Mechanical power generators (intermediate) 71MI 22.3 3.7%
6 Telecoms and sound equipment (capital) 76K 21.7 3.6%
7 Miscellaneous electrical goods (intermediate) 77I 20.1 3.4%
8 Clothing 84 17.0 2.8%
9 Gas 34 16.2 2.7%
10 Office machinery (capital) 75K 15.3 2.6%
N/A Total goods imports1 N/A 595.9 100.0%

Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025 next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025.

Notes:

  1. Total goods imports does not match the figure in the statistical summary sheet. Totals in the statistics summary sheet should be preferred.

8.5 Number of goods importers and import value by region in 2024, not seasonally adjusted1,2,3,4

Country or region Goods imports (£ billion) Number of goods importers
North East 15.4 4,742
North West 46.1 22,314
Yorkshire and The Humber 39.1 13,917
East Midlands 30.8 13,770
West Midlands 42.7 17,033
East of England 47.4 20,098
London 75.1 50,191
South East 107.2 31,701
South West 27.8 15,347
England 431.7 189,113
Wales 20.7 11,693
Scotland 27.0 10,747
Northern Ireland 9.9 15,465

Source: HMRC Regional Trade Statistics: Q4 (October - December) 2024, next release: HMRC Regional Trade Statistics: Q1 (January to March) 2025.

Notes:

  1. £87.6 billion goods imports could not be allocated to a region in 2024.
  2. Values of imports for each region may not sum to country totals due to rounding.
  3. Data on the number of businesses is reported on a proportion basis. This means a business count is subdivided into fractions based on their proportion of trade by value in each region. Each business counts as 1, subdivided across all regions in which they trade.
  4. A new method for EU business counts has been introduced by HMRC, which results in a break in series from previous EU business counts. EU and total business counts from the 2021 data period onwards are therefore not comparable with business counts published prior to 2021.

9. Services imports

  • UK imports of services were £314.1 billion in 2024 (accounting for 34.7% of total UK imports), up 112.1% on 2014 and up 7.5% on 2023 (in current prices). More timely data shows the value of UK services imports was £315.6 billion in the 12 months ending February 2025, up 5.9% on the previous 12 months. (Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025).

9.1 UK services imports (current prices)

Source: ONS Balance of Payments: Quarter 4 (October to December) 2024, next release: ONS Balance of Payments: Quarter 1 (January to March) 2025.

9.2 Top 10 UK import markets for services in 12 months ending September 20241

Rank Import market £ billion % of total services imports
1 United States 55.2 18.8%
2 Spain 22.2 7.6%
3 France 19.6 6.7%
4 India 13.3 4.5%
5 Germany 13.3 4.5%
6 Ireland 11.1 3.8%
7 Netherlands 9.5 3.2%
8 Switzerland 9.3 3.2%
9 Italy 9.2 3.1%
10 Greece 6.1 2.1%
N/A EU1 132.9 45.3%
N/A Non-EU1 160.8 54.7%
N/A World1 293.7 100.0%

Source: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: July to September 2024, next release: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: October to December 2024.

Notes:

  1. World, EU and non-EU totals may not match the figure in the statistical summary sheet. Totals in the statistics summary sheet should be preferred.

9.3 Fastest-growing markets for UK imports of services between 2013 and 2023 (current prices)1

Rank Import market Value in 2023 (£ billion) % change between 2013 and 2023
1 Moldova 1.5 2,388.7%
2 Isle of Man 1.1 1,673.8%
3 Romania 3.0 394.2%
4 India 12.6 361.0%
5 Gibraltar 2.6 279.0%
6 Bulgaria 1.5 245.5%
7 Philippines 1.0 234.0%
8 Sweden 5.9 226.3%
9 Saudi Arabia 1.3 216.8%
10 Taiwan 1.0 208.3%

Source: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: July to September 2024, next release: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: October to December 2024.

Notes:

  1. Only including those with more than £1.0 billion in value in the latest calendar year for which data is available.

9.4 Value of services imports to the UK by country or region, 20221,2

Country or region Services imports (£ billion) Share (%)
North East 5.3 2.1%
North West 22.3 8.9%
Yorkshire and The Humber 12.0 4.8%
East Midlands 8.5 3.4%
West Midlands 13.3 5.3%
East of England 22.7 9.0%
London 90.1 35.8%
South East 32.3 12.8%
South West 12.2 4.8%
England 218.7 87.0%
Wales 5.5 2.2%
Scotland 17.7 7.0%
Northern Ireland 3.4 1.4%

Source: ONS International trade in UK nations, regions and cities: 2022, experimental statistics, next release: ONS International trade in UK nations, regions and cities: 2023, experimental statistics.

Notes:

  1. These are experimental statistics.
  2. Value of services imports for each region may not sum to country totals due to rounding.

9.5 Number of services importers in Great Britain, 20221,2,3

Country or region Number of services importers Share (%)
Great Britain 164,700 100.0%
North East 1,200 0.7%
North West 11,000 6.7%
Yorkshire and The Humber 7,100 4.3%
East Midlands 8,800 5.3%
West Midlands 10,300 6.3%
East of England 11,900 7.2%
London 57,400 34.8%
South East 30,000 18.2%
South West 15,400 9.4%
England 153,100 92.9%
Wales 4,900 3.0%
Scotland 6,800 4.1%

(Source: ONS Non-financial business economy, exporters and importers in Great Britain (Annual Business Survey): 2022, next release: ONS Non-financial business economy, exporters and importers in Great Britain (Annual Business Survey): 2023).

Notes:

  1. These are experimental statistics. Estimates do not cover all businesses. They only cover registered businesses (for VAT/PAYE) in Great Britain’s non-financial economy (meaning they largely exclude financial, agriculture and government activities).
  2. The number of services importers may not sum to country totals due to rounding.
  3. Response rates for the 2020 and 2021 surveys were impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The 2020, 2021 and 2022 results are based on response rates of approximately 56%, 69% and 73% respectively (compared with 78% for 2018). The lower response rates increase the level of uncertainty around the estimates, and therefore changes over time have an additional degree of uncertainty. Care should be taken when comparing over time, as small increases/decreases could be due to the volatility of the figures.

10. UK trade in services by modes of supply

The different modes of supply:

Mode 1 – Remote trade is where a supplier in one country sells a service to a customer in another, but without the movement of people.

Mode 2 – Consumption abroad is where the person receiving the service travels to the supplier’s country.

Mode 3 – Commercial presence is where a company sets up a subsidiary abroad to supply services to foreign customers directly in that country.

Mode 4 – Presence of natural persons is where a supplier sends its personnel to the customer’s country to provide services.

Note that estimates of services trade supplied by Modes 1, 2, and 4 are derived on a balance of payments basis and form the total of UK services trade. Mode 3 is derived using Foreign Affiliates Statistics and is not counted as part of UK services trade (and so is not included in figures reported here).

10.1 Percentage of UK services exports delivered by each mode of supply 20221

Region Mode 1  Mode 2  Mode 4 
World  71.7% 18.5% 9.8%
EU  72.7% 17.6% 9.7%
Non-EU  71.2% 19.0% 9.9%

Source: UK Trade in services by modes of supply: 2022, next release: UK Trade in services by modes of supply: 2023.

Notes:

  1. These are experimental statistics.

10.2 Percentage of UK services imports delivered by each mode of supply 20221

Region Mode 1  Mode 2  Mode 4 
World  57.1% 31.7% 11.3%
EU  51.0% 40.4% 8.7%
Non-EU  62.0% 24.6% 13.4%

Source: UK Trade in services by modes of supply: 2022, next release: UK Trade in services by modes of supply: 2023.

Notes:

  1. These are experimental statistics.

11. Trade balance

  • In 2024 the UK trade deficit was £32.3 billion, having widened by £3.2 billion since 2023. More timely data shows that the balance was a deficit of £33.6 billion in the 12 months ending February 2025 having widened by £11.3 billion since the 12 months ending February 2024 (Source: ONS UK Trade: February 2025, next release: ONS UK Trade: March 2025).

11.1 Top 10 UK surpluses in goods and services in the 12 months ending September 2024

Rank Partner countries with largest surpluses £ billion
1 United States 71.1
2 Ireland 19.7
3 Australia 9.3
4 Saudi Arabia 8.9
5 Singapore 7.9
6 Hong Kong 7.3
7 Switzerland 6.9
8 United Arab Emirates 6.5
9 Luxembourg 6.3
10 Canada 6.1
N/A Non-EU 79.0

Source: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: July to September 2024 next release: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: October to December 2024.

11.2 Top 10 UK deficits in goods and services in the 12 months ending September 20241

Rank Partner countries with largest deficits £ billion
1 Germany -26.7
2 China -25.0
3 Spain -23.0
4 Norway -18.6
5 Italy -14.2
6 France -11.4
7 Netherlands -9.9
8 Poland -9.2
9 Turkey -7.7
10 Belgium -6.6
N/A EU1 -98.7

Source: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: July to September 2024 next release: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: October to December 2024.

Notes:

  1. Totals in the table may not match totals reported in the statistics summary sheet due to timings of release of the different sources used. Totals in the statistics summary sheet should be preferred.

12. Total trade

12.1 Top 10 UK trading partners in 12 months ending September 2024 (exports plus imports of goods and services)1

Rank Partner country £ billion % of total trade
1 United States 294.1 17.2%
2 Germany 145.7 8.5%
3 Netherlands 108.6 6.4%
4 France 103.6 6.1%
5 China 89.0 5.2%
6 Ireland 78.8 4.6%
7 Spain 62.4 3.7%
8 Belgium 59.4 3.5%
9 Italy 51.3 3.0%
10 Switzerland 45.5 2.7%
N/A EU1 790.9 46.4%
N/A Non-EU1 914.1 53.6%
N/A World1 1,705.0 100.0%

Source: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: July to September 2024, next release: ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: October to December 2024.

Notes:

  1. Totals in the table may not match totals reported in the statistics summary sheet due to timings of release of the different sources used. Totals in the statistics summary sheet should be preferred.

13. World trade forecasts

13.1 World trade

13.2 World trade volume growth forecasts (%)

International organisation 2024 2025
IMF (goods and services) 3.4 3.2
WTO (goods only) 2.7 3.0
OECD (goods and services) 3.5 3.6

Sources: IMF World Economic Outlook - January 2025, WTO Trade Statistics and Outlook, October 2024 , and OECD Economic Outlook - December 2024.

14. Current account balance

14.1 Components of current account - balances as a percentage of GDP (current prices)

Source: ONS Balance of Payments: Quarter 4 (October to December) 2024, next release: ONS Balance of Payments: Quarter 1 (January to March) 2025.

14.2 UK current account balance with the EU and non-EU (current prices)

Source: ONS Balance of Payments: Quarter 4 (October to December) 2024, next release: ONS Balance of Payments: Quarter 1 (January to March) 2025.

15. Trade in value added

(Source: OECD Trade in Value Added: 1995-2020, experimental statistics, 2023 edition, next release: OECD Trade in Value Added):

  • The OECD updated its Trade in Value Added (TiVA) estimates for 1995 to 2020 due to errors discovered in the previous release published in November 2023.

  • TiVA is an innovative dataset that makes it possible to examine aspects of international trade, such as Global Value Chains (GVCs), that are not possible with conventional (‘gross’) measures of trade. The novelty of this dataset is that it regards international trade as flows of value added rather than gross flows of final goods and services, enabling users to track the origin of value added in a country’s exports and final demand by source country and sector.

  • It is important to note that, while TiVA offers many advantages over traditional ways of measuring trade, it has limitations in its current form. The estimates are based on a number of strong assumptions, imputations and modelling and offer only broad insights into supply chain interactions. In addition, the estimates for the most recent years, particularly 2020, should be interpreted with caution as they are based on extrapolated Supply Use Tables. The OECD advises that over-interpretation of the results should be avoided and the estimates should be considered as complements to traditional trade statistics.

  • The UK left the EU at the end of 2020, so was a member state for this time period.

15.1 Backward linkages for exports

  • Backward linkages for exports measure how dependent UK exporters are on imported inputs for the production of their exports. A headline measure of backward linkages, and a gauge of the extent of a country’s participation in GVCs, is the share of foreign value added embodied in a country’s gross exports (or ‘import content of exports’).

  • The TiVA data suggests that the UK has relatively weak backward linkages meaning it is not heavily dependent on imported intermediate inputs for the production of its exports. The import content of the UK’s exports has fallen gradually in recent years, from a peak of 18.1% in 2011 to 14.3% in 2020, in line with the global trend. Other major developed economies, such as the United States, France, Germany and Japan, have also experienced a decline in GVC participation in recent years, partly reflecting the impact of the pandemic.

  • Between 2019 and 2020, the import content of the UK’s exports has declined significantly by 1.4 percentage points. Additional years’ worth of data alongside improved or updated underlying estimates published by national statistical agencies are required to provide a more accurate picture of the effect of the pandemic on GVCs.

  • In 2020, the UK’s import content of exports was well below the OECD average of 27%, with the UK ranking 58th out of 76 economies in the TiVA dataset on this measure. However, this should not be interpreted as a sign of lack of integration in GVCs or lack of competitiveness. Several factors affect a country’s participation in GVCs, including the size of the economy, patterns of specialisation, trade openness and location. Care is therefore needed when interpreting the TiVA data. Participation in GVCs should be evaluated in terms of each country’s economic context; the UK’s relatively low backward participation partly reflects its specialisation in services exports which tend to have lower import content relative to manufacturing exports. Large and successful economies, such as the US, rank even lower (74th) than the UK in terms of GVC participation.

  • In proportional terms, the UK sectors that were most reliant on foreign value added for their exports in 2020 were coke and refined petroleum (with foreign value added accounting for 52.7% of this sector’s gross exports), motor vehicles (33.0%) and basic metals (29.0%).

  • The UK is more reliant on non-EU countries than EU suppliers of intermediate goods and services for the production of its exports. In 2020, 57% of all foreign inputs used in UK exports originated from non-EU countries (43% originated from the EU). The largest suppliers of inputs for UK exporters in 2020 were the United States (supplying 16.8% of all foreign inputs used in UK exports), Germany (10.5%), China (8.4%), France (6.3%) and Ireland (4.2%).

  • The majority of UK exporting sectors are more dependent on imported inputs from non-EU countries than the EU. The only UK sectors that depend more on inputs from the EU than non-EU countries for their export production are motor vehicles; food, beverages and tobacco; accommodation and food service activities; wood products; and paper and printing.

15.2 Foreign value added (import content) share of gross exports (%), 1995 to 2020

Source: OECD Trade in Value Added: 1995-2020, experimental statistics, 2023 edition, next release: OECD Trade in Value Added.

15.3 Forward linkages for exports

  • Forward linkages measure the contribution of UK exporters as suppliers of inputs to exports of other countries. They provide a measure of how dependent UK suppliers of goods and services can be on export prospects abroad.

  • The UK has stronger forward linkages than backward linkages, indicating its more prominent role as a supplier of inputs rather than a user of inputs. In 2020, the UK ranked as the 13th most forward integrated country (out of the 76 countries in the TiVA database), with the headline measure (UK value added embodied in exports of other countries as % of UK exports) at 24.8%. This share has increased from 16.5% in 1995, suggesting a greater degree of integration of UK exporters in ‘downstream’ supply chains over time.

  • The UK has stronger forward linkages with EU countries (especially Ireland, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and France), with the EU accounting for around two thirds (66%) of all UK valued added embodied in foreign (world) exports in 2020. Outside of the EU, the UK has strong forward linkages with the United States, Singapore and China.

  • In the UK, the main suppliers of inputs to exporters are services sectors such as financial and insurance (accounting for 19.1% of total UK value added embodied in exports in 2020), professional, scientific and technical services (17.2%), administrative and support services (11.6%) and wholesale and retail trade services (10.4%). The contribution from the UK manufacturing sector is around 13%, with the chemicals, machinery and equipment, and fabricated metals sectors being the largest sources of inputs for exporters. The UK mining and quarrying energy producing sector is also a significant supplier, contributing around 4% to the total UK value added embodied in exports.

  • The UK source sectors that are most dependent on supplying inputs to EU exporters (and hence demand conditions in this bloc) in 2020 were agriculture, hunting and forestry; mining and quarrying, energy producing; and food, beverages and tobacco. The only UK source sectors that supply more inputs to non-EU than EU exporters were water transport, and other transport equipment.

15.4 Importance of services

  • Services are traded not only directly across borders, but also indirectly embodied in goods exports. For example, UK engineering services that are part of the production of a car are exported indirectly embodied in the export of the car. This indirect trade in services is reflected in TiVA statistics but not in traditional trade statistics. As a result, TiVA provides a more accurate estimate of the services sector contribution to exports. As services are increasingly embedded in manufacturing exports, policies to encourage services trade liberalisation can improve the export competitiveness of not just services industries but also manufacturing industries.

  • Accounting for the value added of services in the production of goods, the TiVA data reveals that services are more important to UK exports than they appear in traditional trade statistics. In value added terms, the share of services in total UK exports was 78.8% in 2020, significantly above the OECD average of 58.9.%, and around 4.5 percentage points higher than in traditional terms (74.3%). The difference is driven partly by the contribution of services inputs to UK manufacturing exports; the share of services value added in UK manufacturing gross exports was 35.2% in 2020.

15.5 Bilateral trade balances

  • Measuring trade in value added terms does not affect the overall trade balance of a country. However, bilateral trade balances with individual trading partners can look different when measured on a value added basis. Compared with gross terms, the UK’s trade surplus with non-EU countries is bigger when measured in value added terms. Correspondingly, the UK’s trade deficit with EU countries is bigger in value added terms.

  • In gross terms, the United States (15.7% market share), Ireland (8.3%), Germany (7.6%), France (6.3%) and China (4.9%) ranked as the UK’s top 5 export destinations in 2020. In value added terms (meaning as final consumers of UK value added exports), these countries remain in the top 5 UK export destinations, with the United States ranked top with a 18.0% market share, followed by Germany (7.0%), China (6.2%), France (6.2%) and Ireland (4.8%). In value added terms, the importance of non-EU export markets, such as the United States, China and Japan, is amplified while the market share of EU countries such as Germany, France, Ireland and the Netherlands is reduced.

  • The smaller importance of EU countries in value added terms should not be taken as an indication of a lower reliance of the UK on demand and supply from EU countries. These countries act as conduits for a sizeable amount of UK value added exported to non-EU countries. Similarly, non-EU countries access the UK market via the EU.

16. FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) statistics

The ONS implemented several improvements to their FDI survey methodology for the 2020 release. Changes to stratification methods and sampling population increases have affected the results and led to an increase in reported FDI figures, particularly for inward FDI, in 2020.

As a result of these improvements, we advise caution when interpreting results as some increases since 2019 may be due to the methodology changes.

16.1 Inward FDI

16.2 UK inward FDI stock, flows and earnings tables1,2

Inward FDI stock (£ billion, in current prices):

Region 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Total 918 1,013 1,033 1,187 1,392 1,573 1,641 1,919 1,941 2,068 2,079
EU 462 490 441 552 591 617 656 705 600 597 651
Non-EU 456 523 592 636 801 956 985 1,214 1,342 1,471 1,428

Inward FDI flows (£ billion, in current prices):

Region 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Total 33 15 25 192 75 66 42 35 43 23 1
EU 0 3 -14 130 21 -13 36 28 20 -29 16
Non-EU 34 12 39 62 54 78 6 7 23 52 -15

Inward FDI earnings (£ billion, in current prices):

Region 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Total 51 48 48 50 58 75 45 56 75 98 107
EU 25 24 18 16 17 29 15 10 13 24 44
Non-EU 26 24 30 35 40 46 31 46 62 73 63

Source: ONS Foreign direct investment involving UK companies: 2023, next release: ONS Foreign direct investment involving UK companies: 2024.

Notes:

  1. Data compiled according to directional method.
  2. A negative sign before values indicates a net disinvestment.

16.3 Top 10 investors in the UK, 2023 (inward FDI stock)1,2,3

Rank FDI partner £ billion % of total inward FDI stock
1 United States 708.1 34.1%
2 Luxembourg 188.4 9.1%
3 Jersey 164.3 7.9%
4 France 117.5 5.6%
5 Netherlands 94.5 4.5%
6 Japan 86.5 4.2%
7 Ireland 82.9 4.0%
8 Switzerland 61.8 3.0%
9 Bermuda 57.0 2.7%
10 Belgium 49.8 2.4%
N/A EU 650.6 31.3%
N/A Non-EU 1,428.5 68.7%
N/A World 2,079.1 100.0%

Source: ONS Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) totals for inwards and outward flows, positions and earnings, 2022 to 2023, next release: ONS Foreign direct investment involving UK companies: 2024.

Notes:

  1. Data is on a directional basis.
  2. Data is on a net basis meaning investments minus disinvestments.
  3. Rankings are affected by the fact that FDI statistics are currently compiled on the basis of immediate, rather than ultimate, partner country. This often leads to an overstatement of investments in or from big financial centres (such as Luxembourg and the Netherlands) or countries offering favourable tax terms to investors.

16.4 Global rankings (inward FDI stock)

(Source: UNCTAD World Investment Report 2024, next release: UNCTAD World Investment Report 2025).

In 2023, the UK was:

  • the third highest destination for investment in the world (up from fourth in 2022, overtaking the Netherlands who were third in 2022). The United States remained first, holding the highest inward FDI stock in the world with China second

  • the highest destination for investment in Europe

Global FDI rankings for 2022 and 2023 are provisional estimates and will be updated as data is revised.

16.5 Outward FDI

16.6 UK outward FDI stock, flows and earnings tables1,2

Outward FDI stock (£ billion, in current prices):

Region 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Total 1,091 1,079 1,084 1,275 1,369 1,453 1,652 1,753 1,728 1,905 1,854
EU 455 445 456 578 597 607 669 703 689 793 797
Non-EU 636 634 628 696 773 846 983 1,050 1,039 1,111 1,057

Outward FDI flows (£ billion, in current prices):

Region 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Total 26 -91 -43 -28 111 62 9 -75 61 79 36
EU -12 -83 -13 -26 18 6 -9 -14 -8 17 10
Non-EU 38 -8 -30 -2 93 57 18 -61 70 62 26

Outward FDI earnings (£ billion, in current prices):

Region 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Total 79 68 57 51 88 94 102 50 128 180 150
EU 24 17 17 20 30 29 31 17 31 73 55
Non-EU 55 51 41 31 59 65 71 33 97 106 95

Source: ONS Foreign direct investment involving UK companies: 2023, next release: ONS Foreign direct investment involving UK companies: 2024.

Notes:

  1. Data compiled according to directional method.
  2. A negative sign before values indicates a net disinvestment.

16.7 Top 10 destinations for UK FDI, 2023 (outward FDI stock)1,2,3

Rank FDI partner £ billion % of total outward FDI stock
1 United States 494.1 26.7%
2 Netherlands 273.5 14.8%
3 Luxembourg 141.0 7.6%
4 Hong Kong 105.4 5.7%
5 France 101.2 5.5%
6 Spain 94.1 5.1%
7 Switzerland 46.6 2.5%
8 Sweden 41.1 2.2%
9 Canada 37.8 2.0%
10 Jersey 35.6 1.9%
N/A EU 796.8 43.0%
N/A Non-EU 1,056.8 57.0%
N/A World 1,853.6 100.0%

Source: ONS Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) totals for inwards and outward flows, positions and earnings, 2022 to 2023, next release: ONS Foreign direct investment involving UK companies: 2024.

Notes:

  1. Data is on a directional basis.
  2. Data is on a net basis meaning investments minus disinvestments.
  3. Rankings are affected by the fact that FDI statistics are currently compiled on the basis of immediate, rather than ultimate, partner country. This often leads to an overstatement of investments in or from big financial centres (such as Luxembourg and the Netherlands) or countries offering favourable tax terms to investors.

16.8 Global rankings (outward FDI stock)

(Source: UNCTAD World Investment Report 2024, next release: UNCTAD World Investment Report 2025).

In 2023, the UK was:

  • the seventh largest global investor (down from fifth in 2022), behind the United States, Netherlands, China, Canada, Germany and Japan

  • the third largest European investor, behind the Netherlands and Germany (down from second in 2022)

Global FDI rankings for 2022 and 2023 are provisional estimates and will be updated as data is revised.

17. Inward investment project statistics

17.1 DBT statistics

Source: DBT Inward investment results 2023 to 2024, next release: DBT Inward investment results 2024 to 2025.

  • DBT recorded 1,555 investment projects coming into the UK in 2023/24, down 6.0% from 1,654 in 2022/23.

  • Out of 1,555 investment projects coming into UK in 2023/24, 1,018 were supported by DBT, down 6.0% from 1,083 in 2022/23.

  • Out of all investment projects in 2023/24, 611 (39.3%) were made by new investors to the UK, and 944 (60.7%) by existing investors in the UK.

  • Inward investments projects coming into the UK are estimated to have created 71,478 new jobs and safeguarded 11,613 jobs, down 10.1% and up 74.7% in 2023/24 respectively.

  • London was the UK region with the highest number of new jobs created by inward investment (19,736 new jobs) in 2023/24. The highest growth of new created jobs was in the East of England, an increase of 93.1% in 2023/24.

  • The estimated economic impact of foreign direct investment projects involving DBT fell -0.2% in 2023/24 to £5.8 billion.

17.2 Regional breakdown for all FDI projects and involved FDI projects in 2023/241,2,3

Region FDI projects New jobs from all FDI projects Involved FDI projects New jobs from involved FDI projects
Multiple UK sites3 58 9,184 45 8,154
North East 67 4,296 46 3,985
North West 128 5,097 83 3,485
Yorkshire and The Humber 107 3,732 66 2,673
East Midlands 73 2,701 45 2,507
West Midlands 133 7,581 106 6,877
East of England 79 5,045 59 4,303
London 503 19,736 314 14,034
South East 133 4,405 79 3,316
South West 72 2,190 46 1,807
Scotland 125 4,035 73 2,954
Wales 53 1,904 39 1,500
Northern Ireland 24 1,572 17 1,442
Total 1,555 71,478 1,018 57,037

Source: DBT Inward investment results 2023 to 24, next release: DBT Inward investment results 2024 to 25.

Notes:

  1. FDI projects are investment projects where investment transactions take 3 main forms: new investment projects, expansions on existing investment projects, and merger and acquisition (M&A) projects.
  2. Involved FDI Projects are those assisted by the DBT network teams.
  3. Multiple UK site projects represent those investments which span more than 1 region.

18. Update schedule

Latest Next Source Date Status
ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: July to September 2024 ONS UK trade, quarterly trade in goods and services tables: October to December 2024 Office for National Statistics 25 April 2025 Confirmed
UK Trade: February 2025 UK Trade: March 2025 Office for National Statistics 15 May 2025 Confirmed
GDP first quarterly estimate, UK: October to December 2024 GDP first quarterly estimate, UK: January to March 2025 Office for National Statistics 15 May 2024 Confirmed
UK Regional Trade in Goods Statistics: Q4 (October - December) 2024 UK Regional Trade in Goods Statistics: Q1 (January to March) 2025 HM Revenue and Customs 11 June 2025 Confirmed
GDP UK Quarterly National Accounts, October to December 2024 GDP UK Quarterly National Accounts, January to March 2025 Office for National Statistics 30 June 2025 Confirmed
Balance of Payments: Quarter 4 (October to December) 2024 Balance of Payments: Quarter 1 (January to March) 2025 Office for National Statistics 30 June 2025 Confirmed
OECD Economic Outlook - December 2024 OECD Economic Outlook Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development TBC 2025 Unknown
IMF World Economic Outlook - January 2025 World Economic Outlook International Monetary Fund TBC 2025 Unknown
National Survey of Registered Businesses’ Exporting Behaviours, Attitudes and Needs 2023 National Survey of Registered Businesses’ Exporting Behaviours, Attitudes and Needs 2024 Department for Business and Trade TBC 2025 Unknown
World Investment Report 2024 World Investment Report 2025 United Nations Conference on Trade and Development TBC 2025 Unknown
Goods and Services (BPM6): Exports and imports of goods and services, annual, 2005-2023 Goods and Services (BPM6): Exports and imports of goods and services, annual, 2005-2024 United Nations Conference on Trade and Development TBC 2025 Unknown
ONS Non-financial business economy, exporters and importers in Great Britain (Annual Business Survey): 2022 ONS Non-financial business economy, exporters and importers in Great Britain (Annual Business Survey): 2023 Office for National Statistics TBC 2025 Unknown
WTO Trade Statistics and Outlook, October 2024 WTO Trade Statistics and Outlook World Trade Organisation TBC 2025 Unknown
DBT Inward investment results 2023 to 24 DBT Inward investment results 2024 to 25 Department for Business and Trade TBC 2025 Unknown
UK Trade in services by modes of supply: 2022 UK Trade in services by modes of supply: 2023 Office for National Statistics TBC 2025 Unknown
Trade in Value Added: 1995 to 2020, experimental statistics Trade in Value Added Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development TBC Unknown
ONS Foreign direct investment involving UK companies: 2023 ONS Foreign direct investment involving UK companies: 2024 Office for National Statistics TBC Unknown
ONS Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) totals for inwards and outward flows, positions and earnings, 2022 to 2023 ONS Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) totals for inwards and outward flows, positions and earnings, 2023 to 2024 Office for National Statistics TBC Unknown
ONS International trade in UK nations, regions and cities: 2022, experimental statistics ONS International trade in UK nations, regions and cities: 2023, experimental statistics Office for National Statistics TBC Unknown
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